Kansas Educational Achievement Report Card 2015 Kansas ...

Kansas Educational Achievement Report Card 2015 Kansas Association of School Boards Mark Tallman, Associate Executive Director for Advocacy Ted Carter, Research Specialist KASB

January 6, 2015

Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................3 Summary.....................................................................................................................................................................3 How are Kansas students performing on reading and math tests? ...........................................................................4 What percent of Kansas students complete high school? .........................................................................................5 How well are Kansas students prepared for postsecondary education? ...................................................................6 What is the educational level of Kansas adults? ........................................................................................................7 How does Kansas overall educational attainment rank compared to other states? .................................................8 How does Kansas compare with other states in per pupil funding and student needs? ...........................................9 How does educational achievement compare with state economic prosperity? ................................................... 10 Data Sources and Methods ..................................................................................................................................... 11

Introduction This report includes a high-level overview of student outcome data and how Kansas measures up to the other 49 states. It is meant to complement the other reporting that KASB has released and will be releasing related to improving student outcomes for all Kansas public schools.

Summary The following are Key findings presented in this report: • • • • • • • • • • •

Kansas ranks 10th in the nation on mastery of basic skills before high school as reported by NAEP. Kansas ranks 5th in the nation on high school completion rates as reported by the U.S. Department of Education and the National Council on Education Statistics (NCES). Kansas ranks 5th in the percent of students tested meeting all four benchmarks out of all states where a majority of students take the ACT. Kansas ranks 15th in average educational attainment of adults 25 and older as reported by NCES. Kansas ranks 8th in the nation in educational achievement measured across outcome measures. No state ranking higher in educational achievement spends less per pupil than Kansas. Kansas ranks 27th in the nation in per pupil spending (25th when adjusted for regional cost of living). Kansas has noticeably higher rates of students in poverty and eligible for free or reduced lunches than the other states ranking high on achievement. Few states ranking higher in educational achievement have lower adult income levels than Kansas. Kansas ranks 26th in the nation in median household income (20th when adjusted for regional cost of living). Kansas ranks 24th in per capita personal income (11th when adjusted for regional cost of living.)

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How are Kansas students performing on reading and math tests? On the 2013 National Assessment of Education Progress, Kansas had an average of 79.4 percent of students tested on fourth and eighth grade reading and math score at basic and above (a predictor of high school graduation). Kansas ranked 13th in the nation, with eight other states between 79 and 80 percent. An average of 40.4 percent of Kansans scored at proficient (predictor of college readiness), ranking 16th. Kansas ranked 6th for non-low income (free/reduced meals eligible) students with almost 90 percent at basic and 12th for low income students at 68.3 percent, a slightly smaller gap than the national average of 14 percent. At proficient, Kansas ranked 13th for both non-low income (54.7 percent) and low income (25.3 percent). Overall, Kansas ranked 10th based on the average of these six indicators. In the region, only Minnesota and Colorado ranked higher overall.

Mastery of Basic Skills before High School 2013 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) Fourth & Eighth Grade Reading & Math Tests Rank

Average Percent of Students At Basic or Above (Predictor of Graduation Rate) Non-Free/ Reduced Lunch

All Students 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

New Hampshire Massachusetts Wyoming New Jersey Vermont Minnesota North Dakota Indiana Montana Colorado Washington Pennsylvania Kansas Virginia Maine Connecticut Iowa Maryland Ohio Nebraska Idaho Utah South Dakota Wisconsin Florida North Carolina Delaware Kentucky Missouri Rhode Island Texas New York Oregon Illinois Tennessee Georgia Arkansas Oklahoma Michigan Hawaii Arizona Nevada South Carolina West Virginia Alaska California Alabama Louisiana New Mexico Mississippi United States

85 85 82 82 82 82 81 80 80 80 80 80 79 79 79 79 79 79 78 78 78 77 77 77 77 77 77 76 76 76 76 75 75 74 73 73 73 73 72 72 71 71 70 69 69 67 67 66 64 63 75

Massachusetts New Jersey Minnesota New Hampshire Colorado Kansas Connecticut Vermont Pennsylvania Washington Indiana North Carolina Ohio Nebraska Rhode Island Florida Texas Wyoming Maryland Oregon Montana Virginia Georgia Iowa Kentucky Wisconsin North Dakota Illinois Missouri Tennessee New York Maine Delaware South Dakota Idaho South Carolina Arkansas Michigan Utah Alabama Mississippi Arizona Oklahoma California Hawaii Nevada Alaska Louisiana West Virginia New Mexico United States

94 91 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 89 89 89 89 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 86 86 86 86 85 85 85 84 84 84 83 83 83 82 82 82 80 80 87

Average Percent of Students At Proficient or Above (Predictor of College Readiness)

Free/ Reduced Lunch Wyoming New Hampshire Vermont Massachusetts Indiana Maine Montana New Jersey North Dakota Idaho Florida Kansas Washington North Carolina Texas Minnesota Delaware Pennsylvania Kentucky Utah Colorado Missouri Maryland Iowa Ohio Nebraska Oregon Oklahoma Virginia South Dakota Arkansas Wisconsin West Virginia New York Georgia Nevada Hawaii Tennessee Rhode Island Connecticut Arizona Illinois Michigan South Carolina New Mexico Louisiana California Alaska Mississippi Alabama United States

Non-Free/ Reduced Lunch

All Students

74 72 71 71 71 70 69 69 69 69 68 68 68 67 67 67 67 67 66 66 66 66 65 65 65 65 65 64 64 64 64 63 63 63 63 62 62 62 62 60 60 59 59 59 58 58 56 56 55 54 63

Massachusetts New Hampshire Minnesota New Jersey Vermont Colorado Washington Maryland Connecticut Pennsylvania Virginia Ohio Indiana Maine Kansas Wyoming Montana Wisconsin Iowa North Dakota Utah Nebraska Rhode Island North Carolina Idaho South Dakota Delaware Kentucky Illinois Oregon New York Florida Missouri Texas Hawaii Tennessee Georgia Michigan Arkansas Alaska Arizona South Carolina Nevada Oklahoma California West Virginia Alabama New Mexico Louisiana Mississippi United States

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52 48 47 47 46 43 43 43 42 42 41 41 41 41 40 40 40 40 40 39 39 39 38 37 37 37 37 36 36 36 36 36 36 35 34 34 34 33 32 32 31 31 30 30 29 28 26 24 24 22 36

Massachusetts New Jersey Minnesota Vermont Colorado Washington Maryland Connecticut Pennsylvania New Hampshire North Carolina Ohio Kansas Indiana Rhode Island Oregon Virginia Illinois Georgia Florida Texas Wisconsin Maine Nebraska Delaware Kentucky Tennessee Iowa Montana New York Missouri South Carolina Utah Wyoming California Arkansas Idaho Arizona Michigan North Dakota South Dakota Hawaii Alaska Nevada Alabama Oklahoma New Mexico Mississippi Louisiana West Virginia United States

67 59 58 57 57 56 56 56 56 55 55 55 55 54 54 53 53 53 52 52 52 51 51 51 51 50 50 50 50 50 49 48 48 48 47 47 47 47 47 46 46 46 45 44 43 43 41 41 40 39 52

Six-score Average

Free/ Reduced Lunch Massachusetts Vermont New Hampshire Wyoming Maine Indiana Minnesota Montana Washington New Jersey Idaho Utah Kansas Florida Pennsylvania Colorado North Dakota Hawaii Wisconsin North Carolina Maryland Nebraska Kentucky Iowa Ohio Oregon Texas Delaware Missouri South Dakota New York West Virginia Arkansas Georgia Nevada Oklahoma Rhode Island Virginia Tennessee Connecticut Illinois Arizona Michigan Alaska South Carolina New Mexico California Louisiana Mississippi Alabama United States

30 29 28 28 27 27 27 26 26 26 26 26 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 22 22 22 22 22 22 21 20 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 17 16 15 14 21

Massachusetts New Hampshire Vermont New Jersey Minnesota Washington Indiana Wyoming Colorado Kansas Pennsylvania Maine Maryland Montana Ohio North Carolina North Dakota Connecticut Florida Virginia Iowa Nebraska Wisconsin Idaho Utah Texas Delaware Kentucky Oregon Rhode Island Missouri New York South Dakota Georgia Illinois Tennessee Arkansas Hawaii Michigan Oklahoma South Carolina Arizona Nevada Alaska West Virginia California Alabama New Mexico Louisiana Mississippi United States

66 63 63 62 62 60 60 60 60 60 60 59 59 59 59 58 58 58 58 58 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 56 56 55 55 55 55 54 54 53 52 52 52 52 52 51 50 50 48 47 47 47 56

What percent of Kansas students complete high school? On the new adjusted four-year cohort graduation rate for 2012 (most recent available) 85 percent of Kansas public school students graduated “on time” in four years, tying Kansas for 12th with three other states. (Three states did not use this method in 2012). For economically disadvantaged students, 76 percent graduated on time (10th) and for students with disabilities, 77 percent (3rd). Using the older averaged freshman graduation rate method, 89 percent of Kansas students graduated on time, tied for 5th. Using U.S. Census data, 86 percent of all persons in Kansas aged 18-24 had completed high school, ranking 28th. Averaging all of these measures, Kansas ranked 5th overall.

High School Completion Rates

Three Measures of Completion from Federal Reports Public High School Adjusted 4-Year Cohort Graduation Rate, 2012

Public High School Averaged Freshman Graduation Rate, 2012

Rank Economically Disadvantaged

All Students 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

Iowa Nebraska Texas Vermont Wisconsin North Dakota Tennessee Indiana Missouri New Hampshire New Jersey Connecticut Kansas Maine Massachusetts Arkansas Maryland Montana Pennsylvania South Dakota Virginia Hawaii Illinois Ohio Delaware North Carolina Utah California West Virginia Wyoming Minnesota New York Rhode Island Washington Arizona Michigan Alabama Colorado Florida Mississippi South Carolina Louisiana Alaska Georgia New Mexico Oregon Nevada Idaho Kentucky Oklahoma United States

89 88 88 88 88 87 87 86 86 86 86 85 85 85 85 84 84 84 84 83 83 82 82 81 80 80 80 79 79 79 78 77 77 77 76 76 75 75 75 75 75 72 70 70 70 68 63 80

Indiana Texas Tennessee Hawaii Iowa Nebraska Arkansas Missouri Vermont Kansas Maine Maryland New Jersey North Carolina Wisconsin North Dakota Pennsylvania California Illinois Montana New Hampshire Delaware Massachusetts Virginia West Virginia Arizona Connecticut Mississippi Utah New York Ohio South Carolina South Dakota Alabama Louisiana Rhode Island Washington Florida New Mexico Wyoming Michigan Colorado Georgia Oregon Alaska Minnesota Nevada Idaho Kentucky Oklahoma United States

Students with Disabilities 85 85 82 80 80 80 79 79 77 76 76 75 75 75 75 74 74 73 73 73 73 72 72 72 72 71 71 70 70 68 68 68 67 66 66 66 66 65 65 65 64 61 61 61 59 59 58 72

Montana Arkansas Kansas Texas Hawaii New Jersey Iowa Missouri Tennessee Nebraska Indiana Vermont Maine New Hampshire Pennsylvania Illinois Massachusetts Wisconsin North Dakota Ohio Arizona Connecticut South Dakota Utah California North Carolina West Virginia Rhode Island Wyoming Washington Delaware Maryland Minnesota New Mexico Alabama Colorado Michigan Virginia Florida New York Alaska South Carolina Oregon Georgia Louisiana Mississippi Nevada Idaho Kentucky Oklahoma United States

81 79 77 77 74 74 73 73 73 72 71 71 70 70 70 69 69 69 68 68 65 64 64 64 61 60 60 59 59 58 57 57 56 56 54 54 54 49 48 48 46 40 38 35 33 32 24 61

Nebraska Vermont Wisconsin North Dakota Iowa Kansas Minnesota Pennsylvania Maine New Hampshire New Jersey Connecticut Massachusetts Missouri Montana Maryland Ohio Virginia Idaho South Dakota Tennessee California Colorado Illinois Texas Kentucky Indiana West Virginia Wyoming Alaska North Carolina Washington Oklahoma Arkansas Hawaii New York Oregon Utah Arizona Delaware Michigan Rhode Island Alabama Florida New Mexico Louisiana South Carolina Georgia Mississippi Nevada United States

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93 93 92 91 89 89 88 88 87 87 87 86 86 86 86 84 84 84 84 83 83 82 82 82 82 82 80 80 80 79 79 79 79 78 78 78 78 78 77 77 77 76 75 75 74 72 72 70 68 60 81

18-24 Year-old High School Completors

Hawaii Vermont North Dakota Maine Massachusetts Nebraska Iowa Virginia New Hampshire Wisconsin Rhode Island Maryland Tennessee West Virginia New Jersey Pennsylvania Missouri Oregon Minnesota Michigan Connecticut Wyoming Kentucky New York Utah Alaska Idaho Kansas Colorado Illinois Ohio California South Dakota Arkansas Washington Alabama Montana Florida Oklahoma South Carolina North Carolina Indiana Delaware Mississippi Texas Arizona Georgia Louisiana New Mexico Nevada United States

92 91 91 90 89 89 89 89 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 86 86 86 86 86 86 85 85 85 85 84 84 84 84 84 84 83 83 82 82 82 82 81 80 79 78 85

Average High School Completion Percent

Nebraska Vermont Iowa Texas Kansas Tennessee Wisconsin Missouri North Dakota New Jersey Montana Maine Hawaii Indiana Arkansas New Hampshire Pennsylvania Massachusetts Connecticut Illinois Maryland Ohio South Dakota California West Virginia Utah North Carolina Virginia Arizona Wyoming Delaware Minnesota Rhode Island Washington Colorado Michigan New York Alabama Florida New Mexico Alaska South Carolina Oregon Mississippi Louisiana Georgia Nevada Idaho Kentucky Oklahoma United States

84 84 84 83 83 83 82 82 82 82 82 82 81 81 81 81 81 80 79 78 78 77 76 76 76 76 75 75 74 74 74 74 73 73 72 72 72 71 69 69 68 68 66 65 65 63 57 85 84 81 76

How well are Kansas students prepared for postsecondary education? Seventy-five percent of Kansas high school seniors took the ACT test in 2013; 16th highest in the country. (Ten states require all or most students to take the ACT.) For Kansas, 31 percent met “college ready” benchmarks on all four ACT subjects (English, Math, Reading and Science), ranking Kansas 5th among the 29 states where most students take the ACT. Seventy-two percent of Kansans met the English benchmark (tied for 4th with five other states) and 51 percent met the math benchmark (ranking 4th). Averaging these four marks with the percent of students taking the test, Kansas ranked 6th of 29 states. Among adults aged 18-24, 50.1 percent of Kansans have completed some college courses, earned a technical certificate or an associate’s degree, ranking 6th. However, only 8.1 percent had completed a bachelor’s degree, ranking 29th. Combining the two, 68.2 percent of young adults in Kansas had some college education, ranking 15th.

Preparation for College

Measured by ACT and College Attainment by Young Adults Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

2014 ACT College Testing Results (States in which most students take the ACT) Percent of High School Percent Tested at All 4 Percent tested at English Percent Tested at Math Graduates Tested College Benchmarks Benchmark Benchmark Colorado 100 Minnesota 39 Minnesota 77 Minnesota 62 Illinois 100 Wisconsin 34 Wisconsin 75 Wisconsin 54 Kentucky 100 South Dakota 32 Iowa 75 South Dakota 53 Louisiana 100 Ohio 32 Nebraska 72 Kansas 51 Michigan 100 Kansas 31 South Dakota 72 Iowa 50 North Carolina 100 Iowa 31 Kansas 72 Montana 49 Tennessee 100 Nebraska 29 Missouri 72 Ohio 49 Utah 100 Missouri 29 Ohio 72 Nebraska 46 Wyoming 100 Illinois 26 West Virginia 68 Missouri 45 North Dakota 98 Colorado 25 Oklahoma 66 North Dakota 43 Mississippi 95 Utah 25 Alabama 65 Illinois 42 Arkansas 90 Georgia 24 Georgia 64 Colorado 39 Nebraska 84 North Dakota 23 Colorado 63 South Carolina 39 Alabama 78 Montana 23 Utah 63 Utah 38 South Dakota 78 South Carolina 23 Arkansas 63 Georgia 38 Kansas 75 Michigan 22 Illinois 62 Arizona 38 Oklahoma 75 Oklahoma 22 North Dakota 62 Oklahoma 37 Florida 74 Arkansas 21 South Carolina 61 Michigan 35 Minnesota 74 Alabama 21 Montana 60 Arkansas 35 Missouri 74 Arizona 21 Kentucky 59 Florida 35 Montana 72 Wyoming 20 Michigan 59 North Carolina 33 Ohio 72 Kentucky 19 Tennessee 59 Wyoming 33 Wisconsin 71 Tennessee 19 Wyoming 59 New Mexico 33 New Mexico 70 Florida 19 Louisiana 56 West Virginia 33 Iowa 66 West Virginia 19 New Mexico 55 Alabama 31 West Virginia 63 New Mexico 18 Arizona 54 Kentucky 30 Georgia 51 North Carolina 16 Mississippi 53 Louisiana 29 South Carolina 51 Louisiana 15 Florida 53 Tennessee 29 Arizona 50 Mississippi 12 North Carolina 47 Mississippi 21 Idaho Idaho Idaho Idaho Hawaii Hawaii Hawaii Hawaii Indiana Indiana Indiana Indiana Alaska Alaska Alaska Alaska Texas Texas Texas Texas Oregon Oregon Oregon Oregon Nevada Nevada Nevada Nevada Connecticut Connecticut Connecticut Connecticut California California California California New York New York New York New York Vermont Vermont Vermont Vermont Virginia Virginia Virginia Virginia New Jersey New Jersey New Jersey New Jersey Massachusetts Massachusetts Massachusetts Massachusetts Maryland Maryland Maryland Maryland Washington Washington Washington Washington New Hampshire New Hampshire New Hampshire New Hampshire Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Delaware Delaware Delaware Delaware Rhode Island Rhode Island Rhode Island Rhode Island Maine Maine Maine Maine United States 54 United States 26 United States 64 United States 44

ACT Four Score Average Minnesota 63 South Dakota 59 Wisconsin 59 Nebraska 58 Illinois 58 Kansas 57 Colorado 57 Utah 57 North Dakota 57 Ohio 56 Iowa 56 Missouri 55 Michigan 54 Wyoming 53 Arkansas 52 Kentucky 52 Tennessee 52 Montana 51 Louisiana 50 Oklahoma 50 North Carolina 49 Alabama 49 West Virginia 46 Mississippi 45 Florida 45 Georgia 44 New Mexico 44 South Carolina 44 Arizona 41 Idaho Hawaii Indiana Alaska Texas Oregon Nevada Connecticut California New York Vermont Virginia New Jersey Massachusetts Maryland Washington New Hampshire Pennsylvania Delaware Rhode Island Maine United States 47

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Percent of Population Age 18-24 at Educational Levels, 2012 Some College or A.A. More than High School B.A. Degree or Higher Degree Completion North Dakota 56 Massachusetts 15 North Dakota 64 Vermont 54 New York 15 Vermont 64 Iowa 52 New Jersey 13 Nebraska 63 Nebraska 52 Connecticut 13 Iowa 63 Utah 51 Maryland 12 New York 62 Kansas 50 Illinois 12 Minnesota 62 Minnesota 50 Minnesota 12 Massachusetts 61 Michigan 50 Rhode Island 12 Rhode Island 61 Oregon 50 Pennsylvania 12 New Hampshire 60 New Hampshire 49 Virginia 11 New Jersey 59 Rhode Island 49 Nebraska 11 Maryland 59 South Dakota 49 New Hampshire 11 Illinois 59 Wyoming 48 Colorado 11 Utah 58 California 48 Iowa 10 Michigan 58 Mississippi 48 Vermont 10 Kansas 58 Wisconsin 48 Washington 10 Connecticut 58 Missouri 48 Wisconsin 10 Virginia 58 New York 47 Maine 10 Wisconsin 57 Maine 47 Ohio 9 Oregon 57 Alabama 47 Delaware 9 Colorado 57 Illinois 47 California 9 California 57 Maryland 47 Tennessee 9 Maine 57 Colorado 46 Hawaii 9 South Dakota 57 Virginia 46 North Carolina 9 Missouri 56 Ohio 46 North Dakota 9 Ohio 55 Massachusetts 46 Missouri 9 Pennsylvania 55 Montana 46 Michigan 8 North Carolina 55 Idaho 46 Indiana 8 Wyoming 54 North Carolina 46 Kansas 8 Alabama 54 New Mexico 46 West Virginia 8 Washington 54 New Jersey 46 Oregon 8 Montana 53 Florida 45 South Dakota 8 Florida 53 South Carolina 45 Florida 8 Idaho 53 Arizona 45 Louisiana 8 Mississippi 53 Connecticut 45 Texas 8 South Carolina 53 Arkansas 45 South Carolina 7 Indiana 53 Texas 45 Oklahoma 7 Delaware 53 Washington 45 Kentucky 7 Arizona 52 Indiana 44 Montana 7 Tennessee 52 Oklahoma 44 Georgia 7 Hawaii 52 Georgia 44 Utah 7 Texas 52 Tennessee 44 Alabama 7 Arkansas 51 Hawaii 44 Arizona 7 Oklahoma 51 Delaware 44 Idaho 7 Georgia 51 Pennsylvania 43 Arkansas 7 New Mexico 51 Kentucky 43 Wyoming 6 Kentucky 51 West Virginia 43 Nevada 6 West Virginia 51 Louisiana 41 Alaska 6 Louisiana 49 Nevada 40 Mississippi 5 Nevada 46 Alaska 39 New Mexico 5 Alaska 45 United States 46 United States 9 United States 56

What is the educational level of Kansas adults? Over 90 percent of Kansas adults 25 and older have completed high school, tying Kansas for 16th in the nation. Over 30 percent have completed a bachelor’s degree, also tied for 16th. Just under 11 percent of Kansas adults have an advanced degree, tying for 17th. When all three rankings are averaged, Kansas has an overall rank of 15th. Only Colorado and Minnesota have a higher average adult educational attainment in the region.

Adult Educational Attainment Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

Educational Attainment, Percent of Persons Aged 25 and Older High School Completion Montana Minnesota Vermont Maine Iowa New Hampshire Alaska North Dakota Wyoming Utah Wisconsin Nebraska South Dakota Washington Colorado Oregon Kansas Hawaii Connecticut Idaho Massachusetts Michigan Maryland Pennsylvania Ohio New Jersey Delaware Virginia Missouri Illinois Indiana Oklahoma Florida Rhode Island Arizona Nevada New York Georgia Arkansas Tennessee North Carolina South Carolina New Mexico West Virginia Alabama Kentucky Louisiana Mississippi Texas California United States

Four-Year Degree 93 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 91 91 91 91 91 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 89 89 89 88 88 88 88 88 87 87 86 86 86 86 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 84 84 84 83 83 82 81 86

Massachusetts Colorado Connecticut Maryland New Jersey Virginia New Hampshire Vermont New York Minnesota Washington Illinois Rhode Island California Utah Delaware Kansas Oregon Hawaii Nebraska Alaska North Dakota Montana Georgia Pennsylvania Maine Wisconsin Arizona North Carolina Texas Iowa Florida South Dakota Michigan New Mexico Missouri Idaho Wyoming South Carolina Ohio Tennessee Oklahoma Alabama Indiana Nevada Louisiana Kentucky Arkansas Mississippi West Virginia United States

Advanced Degree 39 38 37 37 36 36 35 35 33 33 32 31 31 31 31 30 30 30 30 30 29 29 29 28 28 28 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 26 26 26 26 25 25 25 25 24 23 23 23 22 22 21 21 18 29

Massachusetts Maryland Connecticut Virginia New York Colorado New Jersey New Hampshire Vermont Rhode Island Illinois Oregon New Mexico Alaska California Washington Delaware Pennsylvania Kansas Minnesota Georgia Utah Hawaii Arizona Michigan Missouri Wisconsin Florida Maine Nebraska Montana North Carolina Ohio Texas South Carolina Tennessee Alabama Idaho North Dakota Kentucky Iowa Indiana South Dakota Wyoming Oklahoma Mississippi Nevada Louisiana Arkansas West Virginia United States

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17 17 17 15 14 14 14 13 13 13 12 12 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 11

Average Adult Attainment Massachusetts Connecticut Maryland Colorado New Hampshire Vermont Virginia New Jersey Minnesota Washington New York Utah Alaska Oregon Kansas Illinois Montana Hawaii Rhode Island Nebraska Delaware Maine North Dakota Pennsylvania Wisconsin Iowa Michigan South Dakota Wyoming Idaho Georgia California Arizona Missouri Ohio Florida New Mexico North Carolina South Carolina Indiana Oklahoma Tennessee Texas Nevada Alabama Kentucky Arkansas Louisiana Mississippi West Virginia United States

49 48 48 47 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 42 42 42 42 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 40 40 40 39 39 39 39 38 38 38 37 36 42

How does Kansas overall educational achievement rank compared to other states? Across five categories of educational achievement, Kansas ranks between 5th and 15th. Averaging four of the measures, but excluding the ACT measures because 21 states do not use ACT for a majority of their students, Kansas ranks 8th in the nation overall. Overall Educational Achievement Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

Six-score 2013 NAEP Average

Average High School Completion Percent

ACT Four Score Average

Age 18-24, More than High School

Average Adult Attainment

Overall Average (without ACT)

Massachusetts New Hampshire Vermont New Jersey Minnesota Washington Indiana Wyoming Colorado Kansas Pennsylvania Maine Maryland Montana Ohio North Carolina North Dakota Connecticut Florida Virginia Iowa Nebraska Wisconsin Idaho Utah Texas Delaware Kentucky Oregon Rhode Island Missouri New York South Dakota Georgia Illinois Tennessee Arkansas Hawaii Michigan Oklahoma South Carolina Arizona Nevada Alaska West Virginia California Alabama New Mexico Louisiana Mississippi

66 63 63 62 62 60 60 60 60 60 60 59 59 59 59 58 58 58 58 58 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 56 56 55 55 55 55 54 54 53 52 52 52 52 52 51 50 50 48 47 47 47

Nebraska Vermont Iowa Texas Kansas Tennessee Wisconsin Missouri North Dakota New Jersey Montana Maine Hawaii Indiana Arkansas New Hampshire Pennsylvania Massachusetts Connecticut Illinois Maryland Ohio South Dakota California West Virginia Utah North Carolina Virginia Arizona Wyoming Delaware Minnesota Rhode Island Washington Colorado Michigan New York Alabama Florida New Mexico Alaska South Carolina Oregon Mississippi Louisiana Georgia Nevada Idaho Kentucky Oklahoma

84 84 84 83 83 83 82 82 82 82 82 82 81 81 81 81 81 80 79 78 78 77 76 76 76 76 75 75 74 74 74 74 73 73 72 72 72 71 69 69 68 68 66 65 65 63 57 85 84 81

Minnesota South Dakota Wisconsin Nebraska Illinois Kansas Colorado North Dakota Utah Ohio Iowa Missouri Michigan Wyoming Arkansas Kentucky Tennessee Montana Louisiana Oklahoma North Carolina Alabama West Virginia Florida Mississippi Georgia New Mexico South Carolina Arizona Alaska California Connecticut Delaware Hawaii Idaho Indiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New York Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island Texas Vermont Virginia Washington

63 59 59 58 58 57 57 57 57 56 56 55 54 53 52 52 52 51 50 50 49 49 46 45 45 44 44 44 41

North Dakota Vermont Iowa Nebraska New York Minnesota Massachusetts Rhode Island New Hampshire New Jersey Maryland Illinois Utah Michigan Kansas Connecticut Virginia Wisconsin Oregon Colorado California Maine South Dakota Missouri Ohio Pennsylvania North Carolina Alabama Wyoming Washington Montana Florida Idaho Mississippi South Carolina Indiana Delaware Arizona Hawaii Tennessee Texas Arkansas Oklahoma Georgia New Mexico Kentucky West Virginia Louisiana Nevada Alaska

64 64 63 63 62 62 61 61 60 59 59 59 58 58 58 58 58 57 57 57 57 57 57 56 55 55 55 54 54 54 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 52 52 52 52 51 51 51 51 51 51 49 46 45

Massachusetts Connecticut Maryland Colorado New Hampshire Vermont Virginia New Jersey Minnesota Washington New York Utah Alaska Oregon Kansas Illinois Montana Hawaii Rhode Island Nebraska Delaware Maine North Dakota Pennsylvania Wisconsin Iowa Michigan South Dakota Wyoming Idaho Georgia California Arizona Missouri Ohio Florida New Mexico North Carolina South Carolina Indiana Oklahoma Tennessee Texas Nevada Alabama Kentucky Arkansas Louisiana Mississippi West Virginia

49 48 48 47 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 42 42 42 42 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 40 40 40 39 39 39 39 38 38 38 37 36

Vermont Massachusetts New Hampshire New Jersey Nebraska North Dakota Iowa Kansas Maryland Minnesota Connecticut Maine Wisconsin Pennsylvania Montana Virginia Idaho Colorado Missouri Illinois Utah Rhode Island New York Indiana Ohio Washington Texas Hawaii South Dakota Wyoming Kentucky North Carolina Tennessee Delaware Oklahoma Michigan Oregon Arkansas California Florida Arizona West Virginia South Carolina Alabama Georgia New Mexico Alaska Mississippi Louisiana Nevada

64 64 63 62 62 62 62 61 61 61 61 60 60 59 59 59 59 59 59 59 59 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 57 57 57 57 56 56 56 56 56 56 55 55 53 53 53 53 52 52 51 50 48

United States

56

United States

76

United States

47

United States

56

United States

42

United States

57

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How does Kansas compare with other states in per pupil funding and student needs? Kansas ranks 8th in overall achievement, with actual, unadjusted total funding per pupil of $11,557, ranking 27th and about $800 below the national average. Using regional cost of living adjustments from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Kansas per pupil funding rises to 25th, about $500 above average. None of the top 10 states in achievement spend less than Kansas in either actual or adjusted dollars. Every other top 10 state also has significantly lower percentages of students on free or reduced meals, children at or below 100 percent of the poverty rate, and at or below 250 percent of the poverty rate. Educational Achievement and Per Pupil Funding Rank

Total Revenue Per Pupil, 2012, and Rank

State

1 Vermont 2 Massachusetts 3 New Hampshire 4 New Jersey 5 Nebraska 6 North Dakota 7 Iowa 8 Kansas 9 Maryland 10 Minnesota 11 Connecticut 12 Maine 13 Wisconsin 14 Pennsylvania 15 Montana 16 Virginia 17 Idaho 18 Colorado 19 Missouri 20 Illinois 21 Utah 22 Rhode Island 23 New York 24 Indiana 25 Ohio 26 Washington 27 Texas 28 Hawaii 29 South Dakota 30 Wyoming 31 Kentucky 32 North Carolina 33 Tennessee 34 Delaware 35 Oklahoma 36 Michigan 37 Oregon 38 Arkansas 39 California 40 Florida 41 Arizona 42 West Virginia 43 South Carolina 44 Alabama 45 Georgia 46 New Mexico 47 Alaska 48 Mississippi 49 Louisiana 50 Nevada U.S Average Top 10 States States 11-20 States 21-30 States 31-40 States 41-50

64 64 63 62 62 62 62 61 61 61 61 60 60 59 59 59 59 59 59 59 59 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 57 57 57 57 56 56 56 56 56 56 55 55 53 53 53 53 52 52 51 50 48

$17,873 $16,930 $15,002 $20,008 $12,267 $13,368 $12,175 $11,557 $16,103 $13,163 $18,886 $13,649 $12,582 $16,085 $11,336 $11,686 $7,405 $10,165 $11,139 $14,074 $7,607 $15,974 $22,238 $12,063 $13,511 $11,358 $10,282 $13,875 $10,149 $18,446 $10,547 $8,746 $8,961 $15,301 $8,767 $12,433 $10,724 $10,830 $10,732 $9,077 $8,347 $14,033 $11,003 $9,582 $10,518 $10,584 $18,226 $9,104 $12,698 $9,457 $12,331 $14,845 $12,701 $13,550 $10,612 $11,355

6 7 12 2 23 18 24 27 8 19 3 16 21 9 29 26 50 39 30 13 49 10 1 25 17 28 38 15 40 4 36 47 45 11 46 22 34 32 33 44 48 14 31 41 37 35 5 43 20 42

Percent of Children Percent of Children Total Revenue, Percent Students on below 100% of Below 250% of Regionally Adjusted, Free/Reduced Meals and Poverty and Rank, Poverty and Rank, and Rank Rank, 2012 2012 2012 $17,713 3 39.2 41 15 41 48 36 $15,793 10 35.1 48 15 41 38 49 $14,126 15 26.3 50 16 39 40 45 $17,535 4 35.5 47 15 41 39 46 $13,615 19 43.8 31 18 32 50 30 $14,787 13 32.8 49 13 50 39 46 $13,604 20 40 40 16 39 48 36 $12,856 25 48.9 23 19 29 53 27 $14,468 14 41.8 34 14 48 39 46 $13,500 22 37.1 44 15 41 42 44 $17,264 5 35.7 46 15 41 37 50 $13,885 18 43 33 21 24 54 24 $13,544 21 40.8 36 18 32 49 32 $16,297 7 40.2 39 20 27 49 32 $12,034 29 40.3 38 20 27 56 18 $11,323 34 39.2 42 15 41 44 43 $7,911 49 49 22 21 24 62 4 $10,005 41 40.9 35 18 32 48 36 $12,644 26 46.5 28 23 20 56 18 $13,990 16 49 21 21 24 50 30 $7,858 50 47.6 27 15 41 54 24 $16,184 8 43.9 30 19 29 48 36 $19,271 1 49.7 19 23 20 51 29 $13,241 23 48 25 22 23 56 18 $15,147 11 43.6 32 24 16 54 24 $11,006 36 44.5 29 19 29 49 32 $10,655 39 51.1 17 26 10 59 11 $11,839 31 49.3 20 17 35 45 42 $11,507 32 38.6 43 17 35 53 27 $19,135 2 37.1 45 17 35 48 36 $11,877 30 54.4 11 27 5 58 17 $9,548 45 52.4 16 26 10 59 11 $9,880 42 57.5 8 26 10 60 8 $14,957 12 48.9 24 17 35 49 32 $9,752 43 61.2 4 24 16 60 8 $13,171 24 48 26 25 13 55 23 $10,854 38 53.2 14 23 20 56 18 $12,363 27 60.9 5 29 2 64 3 $9,505 46 54.1 12 24 16 56 18 $9,187 47 57.6 7 25 13 60 8 $8,509 48 50 18 27 5 61 5 $15,838 9 52.8 15 25 13 59 11 $12,131 28 56.8 10 27 5 61 5 $10,877 37 57.5 9 27 5 59 11 $11,433 33 58.7 6 27 5 59 11 $11,164 35 68.5 2 29 2 65 2 $17,018 6 40.6 37 14 48 46 41 $10,537 40 71.5 1 35 1 69 1 $13,892 17 67.1 3 28 4 59 11 $9,630 44 54.1 13 24 16 61 5 $12,331 49.6 23 54 $14,800 38 16 44 $12,890 42 19 51 $13,584 45 20 52 $11,110 55 25 58 $12,103 58 26 60

The bottom of this table shows that the highest achieving states have the highest spending of any group of 10 states, and the lowest achieving states spend the least. There is an ever close relationship between achievement and student income. Kansas is an exception to both of these trends. Page 9 of 12

How does educational attainment compare with state economic prosperity? The states with the highest adult (ages 25 and over) educational attainment have the highest median household income and per capita income, whether in actual dollars or adjusted for regional differences. Kansas ranks 15th in average adult attainment and ranks 26th and 24th in median household and per capita income (20th and 11th when regionally adjusted). Educational Attainment and Income Rank

Average Adult Attainment

1 Massachusetts 2 Connecticut 3 Maryland 4 Colorado 5 New Hampshire 6 Vermont 7 Virginia 8 New Jersey 9 Minnesota 10 Washington 11 New York 12 Utah 13 Alaska 14 Oregon 15 Kansas 16 Illinois 17 Montana 18 Hawaii 19 Rhode Island 20 Nebraska 21 Delaware 22 Maine 23 North Dakota 24 Pennsylvania 25 Wisconsin 26 Iowa 27 Michigan 28 South Dakota 29 Wyoming 30 Idaho 31 Georgia 32 California 33 Arizona 34 Missouri 35 Ohio 36 Florida 37 New Mexico 38 North Carolina 39 South Carolina 40 Indiana 41 Oklahoma 42 Tennessee 43 Texas 44 Nevada 45 Alabama 46 Kentucky 47 Arkansas 48 Louisiana 49 Mississippi 50 West Virginia U.S Average Top 10 States States 11-20 States 21-30 States 31-40 States 41-50

49 48 48 47 47 47 46 46 45 45 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 43 42 42 42 42 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 40 40 40 39 39 39 39 38 38 38 37 36 42.2

Median Household Income, 2012, and Rank

Median Household Income, Regional Cost Adjusted, and Rank

Per Capita Income, 2012, and Rank

Per Capita Income, Regional Cost Adjusted, and Rank

$63,656 $64,247 $71,836 $57,255 $67,819 $55,582 $64,632 $66,692 $61,795 $62,187 $47,680 $58,341 $63,648 $51,775 $50,003 $51,738 $45,088 $56,263 $56,065 $52,196 $48,972 $49,158 $55,766 $51,904 $53,079 $53,442 $50,015 $49,415 $57,512 $47,922 $48,121 $57,020 $47,044 $49,764 $44,375 $46,071 $43,424 $41,553 $44,401 $46,158 $48,407 $42,995 $51,926 $47,333 $43,464 $41,086 $39,018 $39,085 $36,641 $43,553 $51,017 $63,570 $53,280 $51,718 $46,793 $43,351

$59,381 $58,727 $64,542 $56,353 $63,859 $55,086 $62,627 $58,451 $63,379 $60,258 $41,317 $60,270 $59,429 $52,404 $55,620 $51,429 $47,865 $48,006 $56,804 $57,931 $47,871 $50,008 $61,688 $52,588 $57,136 $59,712 $52,982 $56,026 $59,660 $51,198 $52,305 $50,504 $47,955 $56,486 $49,748 $46,631 $45,806 $45,364 $48,954 $50,667 $53,845 $47,404 $53,809 $48,201 $49,335 $46,269 $44,541 $42,762 $42,409 $49,157 $51,017 $60,266 $53,107 $54,887 $49,442 $47,773

$55,976 $59,687 $53,816 $45,775 $49,129 $44,545 $48,377 $54,987 $46,925 $46,045 $53,241 $35,430 $49,436 $39,166 $43,015 $45,832 $38,555 $44,767 $45,877 $45,012 $44,224 $40,087 $54,871 $45,083 $42,121 $43,935 $38,291 $45,381 $50,567 $34,481 $37,449 $46,477 $36,243 $39,133 $40,057 $41,012 $35,682 $37,910 $35,056 $38,119 $40,620 $38,752 $42,638 $38,221 $35,926 $35,643 $35,437 $40,057 $33,657 $35,082 $43,735 $50,526 $44,033 $43,904 $38,714 $37,603

$52,216 $54,559 $48,352 $45,054 $46,261 $44,148 $46,877 $48,192 $48,128 $44,617 $46,136 $36,601 $46,159 $39,642 $47,848 $45,559 $40,929 $38,197 $46,481 $49,958 $43,230 $40,780 $60,698 $45,677 $45,340 $49,089 $40,563 $51,452 $52,455 $36,839 $40,705 $41,167 $36,945 $44,419 $44,907 $41,510 $37,639 $41,386 $38,650 $41,843 $45,184 $42,725 $44,184 $38,922 $40,779 $40,139 $40,453 $43,826 $38,955 $39,596 $43,735 $47,840 $43,751 $46,612 $40,917 $41,476

6 5 1 12 2 17 4 3 9 8 34 10 7 23 26 24 39 14 15 20 30 29 16 22 19 18 25 28 11 33 32 13 36 27 41 38 44 46 40 37 31 45 21 35 43 47 49 48 50 42

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11 12 1 18 2 21 4 13 3 7 50 6 10 26 20 28 41 38 16 14 40 32 5 25 15 8 24 19 9 29 27 31 39 17 33 43 45 46 36 30 22 42 23 37 34 44 47 48 49 35

2 1 5 16 9 21 10 3 11 13 6 46 8 32 24 15 35 20 14 19 22 29 4 18 26 23 36 17 7 49 40 12 41 33 30 27 43 39 48 38 28 34 25 37 42 44 45 30 50 47

4 2 8 21 14 26 12 9 10 23 16 50 15 41 11 18 34 46 13 6 28 35 1 17 19 7 38 5 3 49 37 33 48 24 22 31 47 32 45 30 20 29 25 44 36 40 39 27 43 42

Data Sources and Methods Page 4 • •

2013 NAEP data taken from the National Council on Education Statistics’ NAEP data explorer: http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/naepdata/report.aspx Data presented as reported by NAEP except for Six-Score Average, which was calculated by adding the six other measures and dividing by six. This average was then ranked.

Page 5 • • • •

2012 Public high school adjusted four-year cohort graduation rate taken from US Department of Education’s ED Data Express: http://eddataexpress.ed.gov/data-elements.cfm 2012 Public high school averaged freshman graduation rate taken from NCES’s Digest of Education Statistics: http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2014/2014391/tables/table_01.asp 2012 Percent 18-24 year-old high school completers taken from NCES’s Digest of Education Statistics: http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d13/tables/dt13_104.40.asp Average High School Completion Percent calculated by adding the five other percents and dividing by five. This average was then ranked.

Page 6 • •

2014 ACT data taken from ACT.org: www.act.org/newsroom/data/2014/ 2012 Percent 18-24 year-olds at education levels taken from NCES’s Digest of Education Statistics: http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d13/tables/dt13_104.40.asp

Page 7 • •

2012 Percent 25 year olds and older at education levels taken from NCES’s Digest of Education Statistics: http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d13/tables/dt13_104.40.asp Average adult attainment calculated by adding the three percents and dividing by three. This average was then ranked.

Page 8 • •

Values in the first five columns calculated/presented as described under Pages 4-7. Overall Average (without ACT) calculated by adding the percents from the four other measures and dividing by four. This average was then ranked.

Page 9 • • • • •

Overall Average (without ACT) calculated as described under Page 8. 2012 Total revenue per pupil taken from the U.S. Census Bureau: www.census.gov/govs/school/ 2012 Total revenue regionally adjusted based on U.S. Census Bureau figures adjusted for Regional Price Parity as calculated by the Bureau for Economic Analysis: www.bea.gov/newsreleases/regional/rpp/rpp_newsrelease.htm 2012 Percent of students eligible for free/reduced meals taken from NCES’s Digest of Education Statistics: http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d13/tables/dt13_204.10.asp 2012 Percent of children below 100 percent and 250 percent poverty taken from the Anne E. Casey’s Kids Count Data Book: http://datacenter.kidscount.org/

Page 10 • • • • •

Average adult attainment calculated as described under Page 7. 2012 Median household income taken from the U.S. Census Bureau: www.census.gov/hhes/www/income/data/historical/household/ 2012 Median household income regionally adjusted based on U.S. Census Bureau figures adjusted for Regional Price Parity as calculated by the Bureau for Economic Analysis: www.bea.gov/newsreleases/regional/rpp/rpp_newsrelease.htm 2012 Per capita income taken from the Bureau of Economic Analysis: www.bea.gov/itable/index.cfm 2012 Per capita income regionally adjusted based on Bureau for Economic Analysis figures adjusted for Regional Price Parity as calculated by the Bureau for Economic Analysis: www.bea.gov/newsreleases/regional/rpp/rpp_newsrelease.htm

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