Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 6404

Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence Edited by R. Goebel, J. Siekmann, and W. Wahlster

Subseries of Lecture Notes in Computer Science

6404

Antônio Carlos da Rocha Costa Rosa Maria Vicari Flavio Tonidandel (Eds.)

Advances in Artificial Intelligence – SBIA 2010 20th Brazilian Symposium on Artificial Intelligence São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil, October 23­28, 2010 Proceedings

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Series Editors Randy Goebel, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada Jörg Siekmann, University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany Wolfgang Wahlster, DFKI and University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany Volume Editors Antônio Carlos da Rocha Costa Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG Centro de Ciências Computacionais Av. Itália, km 8 – Campus Carreiros, 96.201­900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil E­mail: [email protected] Rosa Maria Vicari Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS Instituto de Informática Av. Bento Gonçalves 9.500, 91501­970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil E­mail: [email protected] Flavio Tonidandel Centro Universitário da FEI Departamento de Ciência da Computação Av. Humberto A. C. Branco 3972, 09850­901 São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil E­mail: fl[email protected]

Library of Congress Control Number: 2010935023

CR Subject Classification (1998): I.2, H.3, H.4, I.4, I.5, H.5 LNCS Sublibrary: SL 7 – Artificial Intelligence ISSN ISBN­10 ISBN­13

0302­9743 3­642­16137­5 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York 978­3­642­16137­7 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re­use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. springer.com © Springer­Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 Printed in Germany Typesetting: Camera­ready by author, data conversion by Scientific Publishing Services, Chennai, India Printed on acid­free paper 06/3180

Preface

The SBIA conference series started in 1984 at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) and through the years has benefited the Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science communities in Brazil. After 26 years and 20 conferences SBIA is now a mature event, constituting a discussion forum for new ideas in all sub­areas of AI. In this book you will find the full papers selected for publication in the SBIA 2010 proceedings. The papers cover the AI sub­areas in the following way: – – – – – – –

Ontologies, Knowledge Representation, and Reasoning: 8 Machine Learning: 2 Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems: 6 Natural Language Processing: 2 Planning and Scheduling: 5 Logics for AI: 3 Constraints and Search: 5

We would like to thank all the authors that contributed to SBIA 2010. We also thank all the members of the international Program Committee and the additional reviewers, who did an excellent job in reviewing the papers. We are very grateful to Flavio Tonidandel, General Chair of SBIA 2010 and of the Joint SBIA/SBRN/JRI 2010 Conference, for all the support that he and his team at FEI provided. Yoav Shoham, Jaime Sichman, and David Hogg were the keynote speakers of the event. We thank them very much for their acceptance of the invitation. A special acknowledgement is due to Tiago Thompsen Primo, for his dedi­ cated effort in the editing of these proceedings. Finally, we thank the SBIA 2010 sponsors (CAPES, CNPq, FAPESP, and SBC) for their support. August 2010

Antˆ onio Carlos da Rocha Costa Rosa Maria Vicari

Organization

Organizing Committee General Chair Flavio Tonidandel

Centro Universit´ ario da FEI

Workshop Chair Pl´ınio Thomaz Aquino Jr.

Centro Universit´ ario da FEI

Tutorial Chair Paulo S´ergio Silva Rodrigures

Centro Universit´ ario da FEI

Steering Committee (CEIA) Augusto Loureiro da Costa Solange Oliveira Rezende Fernando Santos Os´ orio Fabio Gagliardi Cozman Marcelo Finger Fred Freitas Alexandre da Silva Sim˜ oes

Universidade Federal da Bahia (Coordinator) Universidade de S˜ao Paulo Universidade de S˜ ao Paulo Universidade de S˜ ao Paulo Universidade de S˜ ao Paulo Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Universidade Estadual Paulista

Program Committee Adina Magda Florea Adolfo Arenas Adolfo Neto Adriano Werhli Alejandro Zunino Alessio Lomuscio Alexander Gelbukh Alexandre Silva Aline Villavicencio Alneu Lopes Alvaro Moreira Amilcar Cardoso Ana Bazzan Ana Bicharra

Polytechnic University of Bucharest, Romania Inst. Politec. Nal. Campus “Lopez Mateos”, Mexico UTFPR, Brazil FURG, Brazil ISISTAN­UNICEN, Argentina Imperial College, UK National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico UFRJ, Brazil UFRGS, Brazil USP, Brazil UFRGS, Brazil University of Coimbra, Portugal UFRGS, Brazil UFF, Brazil

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Organization

Ana Casali

Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina Ana Carolina Bertoletti De Marchi UPF, Brazil Ana Teresa Martins UFC, Brazil Anarosa Brandao USP, Brazil Andr´e Campos UFRN, Brazil Andr´e Ponce de Leon F. de Carvalho USP, Brazil Andrea Omicini University of Bologna, Italy Anna Helena Reali Costa USP, Brazil Anne Canuto UFRN, Brazil Antˆ onio Braga UFMG, Brazil Antonio Carlos da Rocha Costa FURG, Brazil Artur Garcez City University of London, UK Augusto Loureiro da Costa UFBA, Brazil Aurora Pozo UFPR, Brazil Barbara Hammer Clausthal University of Technology, Germany Benjamin Bedregal UFRN, Brazil Bianca Zadrozny UFF, Brazil Blai Bonet Universidad Sim´ on Bol´ıvar, Venezuela Carlos Reyes­Garcia INAOE, Mexico Carlos Ribeiro ITA, Brazil Cassio de Campos Dalle Molle Institute for AI, Switzerland Celso Kaestner UTFPR, Brazil Christian Lemaitre Universidad Aut´ onoma Metropolitana, Mexico Clarisse de Souza PUC­Rio, Brazil Daniel Berrar University of Ulster, UK Diana Adamatti FURG, Brazil Donato Malerba Universit`a degli Studi di Bari, Italy Edson Matsubara UFMS, Brazil Edward Hermann Haeusler PUC­Rio, Brazil Eric Matson Purdue University, USA Eugenio Oliveira Universidade do Porto, Portugal Evandro Costa UFAL, Brazil Fabiano Silva UFPR, Brazil Fariba Sadri Imperial College, UK F´ abio Cozman USP, Brazil Federico Barber Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Spain Fernando Os´ orio USP, Brazil Filip Zelezny Czech Techn. University in Prague, Czech Republic Flavio Tonidandel FEI, Brazil Fl´ avio Soares Corra da Silva USP, Brazil Francisco de Carvalho UFPE, Brazil

Organization

Frank Dignum Fred Freitas Gabriel Lopes Geber Ramalho Gerardo Schneider Gerson Zaverucha Gra¸ca Gaspar Gra¸caliz Dimuro Guilherme Barreto Guillermo Simari Gustavo Gim´enez­Lugo Hector Geffner Helder Coelho Heloisa Camargo Ines Dutra Irwin King Ivandr´e Paraboni Jaime Sichman James Cussens Jan Ramon Jo˜ ao Gama Jo˜ ao Marcos Jo˜ ao Balsa Jo˜ ao Luis Tavares da Silva Jomi H¨ ubner Juergen Dix Julie Dugdale Krysia Broda Laurent Perrussel L´ ucia Drummond Leliane Nunes de Barros Leonardo Emmendorfer Li Weigang Luis Antunes Luis Fari˜ nas del Cerro Luis Lamb Luis Ot´avio Alvares Luiz Satoru Ochi Luiza Mourelle Mara Abel Marcelo Finger Marcilio de Souto Marco Gori

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Utrecht University, Netherlands UFPE, Brazil Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal UFPE, Brazil University of Gothenburg, Sweden UFRJ, Brazil Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal FURG, Brazil UFC, Brazil Universidad Nacional del Sur, Argentina UTFPR, Brazil Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal UFSCar, Brazil Universidade do Porto, Portugal The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China USP, Brazil USP, Brazil University of York, UK Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium Universidade do Porto, Portugal UFRN, Brazil Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal UCS, Brazil UFSC, Brazil Clausthal University of Technology, Germany Laboratoire d’Informatique de Grenoble, France Imperial College, UK Universit´e de Toulouse, France UFF, Brazil USP, Brazil FURG, Brazil UnB, Brazil Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal Universit´e Paul Sabatier, France UFRGS, Brazil UFRGS, Brazil UFF, Brazil UERJ, Brazil UFRGS, Brazil USP, Brazil UFRN, Brazil University of Siena, Italy

X

Organization

Marco Antonio Casanova Marcos Castilho Maria Monard Maria das Gra¸cas Volpe Nunes Marilton Aguiar Mario Fernando Campos Marley Vellasco M´ario Benevides Michael Thielscher Nuno David Olivier Boissier Pablo Noriega Patr´ıcia Tedesco Patricia Jaques Paulo Ferreira Jr. Paulo Quaresma Paulo Santos Paulo Trigo Pedro Larra˜ naga Ramon de Mantaras Reinaldo Bianchi Rejane Frozza Renata de Freitas Renata Vieira Renata Wassermann Ricardo Rabelo Ricardo Silva Ricardo Silveira Ronaldo Prati Rosa Viccari Rui Camacho Sandra Sandri Sheila Veloso Silvia Botelho Silvia Schiaffino Siome Goldenstein Solange Rezende Soumya Ray Stan Matwin Stanley Loh Stefano Ferilli Teresa Ludermir Thiago Pardo

PUC­Rio, Brazil UFPR, Brazil USP, Brazil USP, Brazil UFPEL, Brazil UFMG, Brazil PUC­Rio, Brazil UFRJ, Brazil TU Dresden, Germany ISCTE, Portugal EMSE, France IIIA­CSIC, France UFPE, Brazil UNISINOS, Brazil UFPEL, Brazil ´ Universidade de Evora, Portugal FEI, Brazil ISEL, Portugal Polytechnic University of Madrid, Spain IIIA­CSIC, Spain FEI, Brazil UNISC, Brazil UFF, Brazil PUCRS, Brazil USP, Brazil UFSC, Brazil University College of London, UK UFSC, Brazil UFABC, Brazil UFRGS, Brazil Universidade do Porto, Portugal IIIA, Brazil UERJ, Brazil FURG, Brazil ISISTAN, Argentina UNICAMP, Brazil USP/S.Carlos, Brazil Oregon State University, USA University of Ottawa, Canada UCPEL/ULBRA, Brazil Universit` a degli Studi di Bari, Italy UFPE, Brazil USP, Brazil

Organization

Toby Walsh Torsten Schaub Virginia Dignum Valerie Camps Vania Bogorny V´ıtor Santos Costa Vera L´ ucia Strube de Lima Viviane Torres da Silva Vladik Kreinovich Wagner Meira, Jr. Walter Carnielli Walter Daelemans Wamberto Vasconcelos Wiebe van der Hoek Yves Demazeau Zhao Liang

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NICTA and Univ. New South Wales, Australia University of Potsdam, Germany Delft Univ. of Technology, Netherlands Universit´e Paul Sabatier, France UFSC, Brazil Universidade do Porto, Portugal PUCRS, Brazil UFF, Brazil University of Texas at El Paso, USA UFMG, Brazil UNICAMP, Brazil University of Antwerp, Belgium University of Aberdeen, UK University of Liverpool, UK Laboratoire d’Informatique de Grenoble, France USP, Brazil

Additional Reviewers Andr´e Lins Aquino Caecilia Zirn Cassia Santos Christian Vogler Daniel Weingaertner Eder Mateus Gon¸calves Eugenio Silva Francicleber Ferreira Fr´ed´eric Moisan Gustavo Batista Illya Kokshenev Jo˜ ao Alcˆ antara Karla Figueiredo Luis K¨ unzle Martin Musicante Natasha Lino Nicolau Werneck Paulo Schreiner Regivan Hugo Nunes Santiago Rinaldo Lima Rodrigo Wilkens Rosiane de Freitas Rodrigues S´ergio Almeida Thiago Noronha

UFOP, Brazil Univ. Heidelberg, Germany Evora University, Portugal ILSP, Greece Universidade Federal do Paran´ a, Brazil FURG, Brazil PUC­Rio, Brazil UFC, Brazil Universit´e de Toulouse, France USP, Brazil UFMG, Brazil UFC, Brazil PUC­Rio, Brazil UFPR, Brazil UFRN, Brazil UFPb, Brazil USP, Brazil UFRGS, Brazil UFRN, Brazil UFPE, Brazil UFRGS, Brazil UFAM, Brazil UCPel, Brazil UFMG, Brazil

XII

Organization

Supporting Scientific Society SBC ­ Sociedade Brasileira de Computa¸c˜ao.

Sponsoring Institutions CNPq ­ Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient´ıfico e Tecnol´ ogica CAPES ­ Coordena¸c˜ao de Aperfei¸coamento de Pessoal de N´ıvel Superior FAPESP ­ Funda¸c˜ao de Amparo a` Pesquisa do Estado de S˜ ao Paulo

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Ontologies, Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Ontological Primitives for Visual Knowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alexandre Lorenzatti, Mara Abel, Sandro Rama Fiorini, Ariane Kravczyk Bernardes, and Claiton Marion dos Santos Scherer A Semi­automatic Method for Domain Ontology Extraction from Portuguese Language Wikipedia’s Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clarissa Castell˜ a Xavier and Vera Lucia Strube de Lima

1

11

Ontology Reasoning in Agent­Oriented Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ´ Claudio Fuzitaki, Alvaro Moreira, and Renata Vieira

21

System Design Modification with Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maria Viviane de Menezes, Silvio do Lago Pereira, and Leliane Nunes de Barros

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Learning Terminologies in Probabilistic Description Logics . . . . . . . . . . . . Kate Revoredo, Jos´e Eduardo Ochoa­Luna, and Fabio Gagliardi Cozman

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Knowledge­Based System for the Maintenance Registration and Consistency among UML Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cleverton Ferreira Borba and Ana Estela Antunes da Silva

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Semantic Mapping with a Probabilistic Description Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rodrigo Polastro, Fabiano Corrˆea, Fabio Cozman, and Jun Okamoto Jr.

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Markov Decision Processes from Colored Petri Nets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monica G´ oes Eboli and Fabio Gagliardi Cozman

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Chapter 2: Machine Learning Incremental Learning of Multivariate Gaussian Mixture Models . . . . . . . . Paulo Martins Engel and Milton Roberto Heinen Bayesian Network Structure Inference with an Hierarchical Bayesian Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adriano Velasque Werhli

82

92

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Table of Contents

Chapter 3: Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems On the Construction of Synthetic Characters with Personality and Emotion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ary Fagundes Bressane Neto and Fl´ avio Soares Corrˆea da Silva

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Towards Automated Trading Based on Fundamentalist and Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Carlos Henrique Dejavite Ara´ ujo and Paulo Andr´e Lima de Castro

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Developing a Consciousness­Based Mind for an Artificial Creature . . . . . . Ricardo Capitanio Martins da Silva and Ricardo Ribeiro Gudwin Simulating the Emergence of Social Relationship Networks in Groups of Believable Agents: The X­BARIM Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pablo Barbosa, Danielle Silva, Geber Ramalho, and Patricia Tedesco Using Jason to Develop Normative Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Baldoino Fonseca dos Santos Neto, Viviane Torres da Silva, and Carlos Jos´e Pereira de Lucena Improving Space Representation in Multiagent Learning via Tile Coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Samuel Justo Waskow and Ana L´ ucia Cetertich Bazzan

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133 143

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Chapter 4: Natural Language Processing Factored Translation between Brazilian Portuguese and English . . . . . . . . Helena de Medeiros Caseli and Israel Aono Nunes

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Question Answering for Portuguese: How Much Is Needed? . . . . . . . . . . . . Rodrigo Wilkens and Aline Villavicencio

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Chapter 5: Planning and Scheduling Planning for Multi­robot Localization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paulo Pinheiro and Jacques Wainer

183

Symbolic Bounded Real­Time Dynamic Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Karina Valdivia Delgado, Cheng Fang, Scott Sanner, and Leliane Nunes de Barros

193

An Adaptive Genetic Algorithm to the Single Machine Scheduling Problem with Earliness and Tardiness Penalties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F´ abio Fernandes Ribeiro, Marcone Jamilson Freitas Souza, and S´ergio Ricardo de Souza

203

Table of Contents

A Dijkstra Algorithm for Fixed­Wing UAV Motion Planning Based on Terrain Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Felipe Leonardo Lˆ obo Medeiros and Jos´e Demisio Sim˜ oes da Silva Feasible UAV Path Planning Using Genetic Algorithms and B´ezier Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Douglas Guimar˜ aes Macharet, Armando Alves Neto, and Mario Fernando Montenegro Campos

XV

213

223

Chapter 6: Constraints and Search High­Level Modeling of Component­Based CSPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rapha¨el Chenouard, Laurent Granvilliers, and Ricardo Soto Improving the Distributed Constraint Optimization Using Social Network Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allan Rodrigo Leite, Andr´e Pinz Borges, La´ercio Martins Carpes, and Fabr´ıcio Enembreck A Survey and Classification of A* Based Best­First Heuristic Search Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Luis Henrique Oliveira Rios and Luiz Chaimowicz

233

243

253

Chapter 7: Logics for AI A Sequent Calculus for 3­Dimensional Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Norihiro Kamide

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Intuitionistic Fuzzy Probability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Claudilene Gomes Da Costa, Benjamin Callejas Bedregal, and Adri˜ ao Duarte Doria Neto

273

A Proof System for Temporal Reasoning with Sequential Information . . . Norihiro Kamide

283

A Refuted Conjecture on Probabilistic Satisfiability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marcelo Finger and Glauber De Bona

293

A Logic for Conceptual Hierarchies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Norihiro Kamide

303

Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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