Packages: Feature selections. System Designer must map requirements to
packages. Multithreading? Use “libc” with “NPTL”. SNMP? RFC 3927/2608 ?
Linux Build Systems: Comparing the joys & pains of Freescale Linux (LTIB) and MVL6 Klaas van Gend Senior Solutions & Services Architect, MontaVista
Distribution License
• The slides of this presentation are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial Share Alike 3.0 Unported License.
• To view a copy of this license: • Visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ • Send a letter to: Creative Commons 171 Second Street, Suite 300 San Francisco, California, 94105 USA © 2009 MontaVista Software
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Who is MontaVista?
• Industry veteran embedded Linux provider • Founded in 1999 by Jim Ready (Ready Systems / VRTX)
• World-wide player • Headquartered in Santa Clara, CA • Offices and engineering centers around the world, including USA, Europe, Japan, Asia/Pacific
• 75 Freescale LSPs released • 6th generation embedded Linux product announced in May 2009
We help you get the most out of open source
© 2009 MontaVista Software
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Who is Klaas van Gend?
• “Senior Solutions & Services Architect” • “Sales Realist”
Eindhoven Santa Clara
© 2009 MontaVista Software
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Development Life Cycle – “real life” requirements
design implement integrate
test “Development” deploy maintenance
Time progresses © 2009 MontaVista Software
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But it runs Linux !!! Linux • Is Free! • Is Free? Where do you get it? What do you get? Where do you start?
Is Linux just a kernel? What is a “user land”?
© 2009 MontaVista Software
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Packages: Feature selections System Designer must map requirements to packages Use “libc” with “NPTL”
Multithreading?
“Net-SNMP”
SNMP?
“Avahi”
RFC 3927/2608 ?
You
“metadata” © 2009 MontaVista Software
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Packages: Versioning and Stabilization
• New features as patches
CVS
• Project maintainer has important role
Unstable
• Interesting version numbering schemes
Beta
• Is version 0.76 bad? • Is 2.5.43 better?
RC Stable
• Check your “distribution” first • Don’t re-invent the wheel !
© 2009 MontaVista Software
Legacy
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Dependencies Problems always come in pairs Most packages depend on others At least two types of dependencies exist: • Build-time dependencies e.g: cmake, glade, qt-devel, perl • Run-time dependencies e.g: fonts, perl, PAM, libqt
CUPS Samba Ghost Script
Dependency resolution can be a big task • “RPM hell” anyone?
• You need to document this or automate it • Don’t surprise your successor !!! © 2009 MontaVista Software
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Linux Target Image Builder (LTIB)
What is LTIB?
• Automated System to configure & build: • • • • •
Compilers+Build tools U-Boot Linux kernel User land applications File systems
• © Stuart Hughes, Freescale Semiconductor 2004-2009 • http://www.freescale.com/ • Under “Software&Downloads” for each processor
• http://www.bitshrine.org/ © 2009 MontaVista Software
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Your first build
• (Using LTIB for 8548cds) • Installation: 5 minutes • First build: 2 hours • Most time spent in setting up host platform and downloading extra files • No real package builds • Result is rootfs that can be used with NFS
• Second build: ./ltib --configure • “Kconfig” mechanism • Add/remove packages • Specify build options • Remove directories
• Not fool proof • 3rd build attempt failed horribly © 2009 MontaVista Software
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How does LTIB work?
(image © Stuart Hughes,Software July 2008) © 2009 MontaVista
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MontaVista Linux 6 (MVL6)
How does MVL6 work?
© 2009 MontaVista Software
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How does MVL6 work?
© 2009 MontaVista Software
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How does MVL6 work?
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Problems solved
• Installation/Updates • Cross-compilation & Similar package classes • Dependencies • Compile time vs run time • tasks
• Requirement for Root • sudo doesn’t wait forever – another build lost • export LOG_DIRECTORY=“/home/kaa-ching/logs” rm –rf $LOGDIRECTORY/*
• Extensibility / Community • OpenEmbedded contains 6000+ recipes • MontaVista will ship approx 400 validated packages • Other packages can be easily added as an “collection” © 2009 MontaVista Software
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Example recipe (sqlite3, modified) - 1 DESCRIPTION = "An Embeddable SQL Database Engine" SECTION = "libs" PRIORITY = "optional" DEPENDS = "readline ncurses" LICENSE = "PD" SRC_URI = "http://www.sqlite.org/sqlite-${PV}.tar.gz \ file://libtool.patch;patch=1" S = "${WORKDIR}/sqlite-${PV}" inherit autotools pkgconfig EXTRA_OECONF = "--disable-tcl --enable-shared \ --enable-threadsafe“ do_compile_prepend() { oe_runmake sqlite3.h install -m 0644 sqlite3.h ${STAGING_INCDIR} } © 2009 MontaVista Software
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Example recipe (sqlite3, modified) - 1 DESCRIPTION = "An Embeddable SQL Database Engine" SECTION = "libs" PRIORITY = "optional" DEPENDS = "readline ncurses" LICENSE = "PD" SRC_URI = "http://www.sqlite.org/sqlite-${PV}.tar.gz \ file://libtool.patch;patch=1" S = "${WORKDIR}/sqlite-${PV}" inherit autotools pkgconfig EXTRA_OECONF = "--disable-tcl --enable-shared \ --enable-threadsafe“ do_compile_prepend() { oe_runmake sqlite3.h install -m 0644 sqlite3.h ${STAGING_INCDIR} } © 2009 MontaVista Software
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Example recipe (sqlite3, modified) - 1 DESCRIPTION = "An Embeddable SQL Database Engine" SECTION = "libs" PRIORITY = "optional" DEPENDS = "readline ncurses" LICENSE = "PD" SRC_URI = "http://www.sqlite.org/sqlite-${PV}.tar.gz \ file://libtool.patch;patch=1" S = "${WORKDIR}/sqlite-${PV}" inherit autotools pkgconfig EXTRA_OECONF = "--disable-tcl --enable-shared \ --enable-threadsafe“ do_compile_prepend() { oe_runmake sqlite3.h install -m 0644 sqlite3.h ${STAGING_INCDIR} } © 2009 MontaVista Software
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Example recipe (sqlite3, modified) - 1 DESCRIPTION = "An Embeddable SQL Database Engine" SECTION = "libs" PRIORITY = "optional" DEPENDS = "readline ncurses" LICENSE = "PD" SRC_URI = "http://www.sqlite.org/sqlite-${PV}.tar.gz \ file://libtool.patch;patch=1" S = "${WORKDIR}/sqlite-${PV}" inherit autotools pkgconfig EXTRA_OECONF = "--disable-tcl --enable-shared \ --enable-threadsafe“ do_compile_prepend() { oe_runmake sqlite3.h install -m 0644 sqlite3.h ${STAGING_INCDIR} } © 2009 MontaVista Software
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Example recipe (sqlite3, modified) - 2 do_stage() { oe_libinstall -so libsqlite3 ${STAGING_LIBDIR} install -m 0644 sqlite3.h ${STAGING_INCDIR} }
PACKAGES = "libsqlite libsqlite-dev libsqlite-doc sqlite3 sqlite3dbg" FILES_sqlite3 = "${bindir}/*" FILES_libsqlite = "${libdir}/*.so.*" FILES_libsqlite-dev = "${libdir}/*.a ${libdir}/*.la ${libdir}/*.so \ ${libdir}/pkgconfig ${includedir}" FILES_libsqlite-doc = "${docdir} ${mandir} ${infodir}" AUTO_LIBNAME_PKGS = "libsqlite"
© 2009 MontaVista Software
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Example recipe (sqlite3, modified) - 2 do_stage() { oe_libinstall -so libsqlite3 ${STAGING_LIBDIR} install -m 0644 sqlite3.h ${STAGING_INCDIR} }
PACKAGES = "libsqlite libsqlite-dev libsqlite-doc sqlite3 sqlite3dbg" FILES_sqlite3 = "${bindir}/*" FILES_libsqlite = "${libdir}/*.so.*" FILES_libsqlite-dev = "${libdir}/*.a ${libdir}/*.la ${libdir}/*.so \ ${libdir}/pkgconfig ${includedir}" FILES_libsqlite-doc = "${docdir} ${mandir} ${infodir}" AUTO_LIBNAME_PKGS = "libsqlite"
© 2009 MontaVista Software
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Preventing problems – the extra’s of MVL6
• Documentation
• Graphical IDE: DevRocket • Tools!
• Quick Start • MVIP • All use cases covered
• • • •
System Deployment Kernel development Power management* Device Trees
• • • • • •
KGDB Memory Usage Analysis Memtraq OProfile LTT-ng strace / ltrace
• Support • Web/Email/(Phone/Fax) • We fix bugs ! © 2009 MontaVista Software
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LTIB & MVL6: no enemies!
Other options to get Linux for 8548 ? 8548 is a fairly popular platform:
• ELDK – http://www.denx.de/ • GCC 4.2.2, Linux 2.6.24 • RPM based, controlled & supported by Denx
• Wind River – http://www.intel.com/ ??? • GCC 4.1.2, Linux 2.6.21
• Timesys – http://www.timesys.com/ • GCC 4.3.3, Linux 2.6.28 “basic kernel”
• http://www.kernel.org/ • Linux from scratch is not for the faint of heart!
© 2009 MontaVista Software
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A side-by-side comparison
Kernel, gcc, libc
Uses Device Tree?
LTIB for 8548cds
MVL6 for 8548cds
(late 2007)
(mid 2009)
Kernel: 2.6.23+pq3,
Kernel: 2.6.27+,
Gcc: 4.1.78,
Gcc: 4.3.3,
C library: 2.5.78 (eglibc)
C library: 2.8 (eglibc)
Yes!
Yes (+documentation)
NFS
Yes
Yes
(no instructions for host)
(+documentation)
Builds user land packages?
RPM
MVL6IP
+ cross compile fixes
(Bitbake+other tools)
Packages selectable?
Yes, KConfig tool
Yes, using tasks/images/recipes
Needs root?
Yes
No
Availability? Support?
From FreeScale, AS IS, for free
From MontaVista, supported, licensed
© 2009 MontaVista Software
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Target audience – why both deserve to exist LTIB
MVL6
Available for free, AS IS. • A quick start to prototype • Acceptable Quality • No support • Initial learning curve is remarkably low • Extending is not as simple • SRPM magic required • Platform tuning will cost time
Paid distribution • Feature-by-feature drop-in replacement of LTIB • Extends LTIB by providing • More packages • Extensive QA • Dedicated Support Team • Adding packages is easy • Recipe mechanism is well documented • Many packages available in Open Embedded
Works for very experienced Linux users with more time than money
Better suited for professionals & commercial development
© 2009 MontaVista Software
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Want more?
• Live Q&A session • Join Meld: http://meld.mvista.com/ • Not just for MontaVista customers!!!
• Send an e-mail:
[email protected]
© 2009 MontaVista Software
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