logical framework for the implementation of the ...

LOGICAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PEACE AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZED IN DIFFA FROM 2 TO 4 NOVEMBER 2015 BY THE UNIVERSITY OF DIFFA. « KƎLEWA SƎLAI »

April 2016

© 2016 Université de Diffa ISBN 978-2-37235-071-6 Editions Gashingo BP 106 Niamey Tél. +227 20 72 58 08

Sommaire List of acronyms ................................................................................. 4 RECOMMENDATIONS TO AUTHORITIES OF MEMBER COUNTRIES OF THE LAKE CHAD BASIN AND THEIR TECHNICAL AND FINANCIAL PARTNERS........................................................................................... 6 1. In terms of security .................................................................... 6 2. At social and economic level ................................................... 15 3. On research and sub-regional strategy level .......................... 23 4. Recommandations to researchers and university staff .......... 26

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List of acronyms BH: Boko Haram LCBC: Commission of the Lake Chad Basin ECOWAS: Economic Community of West African States CEN-SAD: Community of Sahel-Saharan States CNDH: National Commission of Human Rights SDS: Forces of Defence and Security G5 Sahel: 5 Sahel Group (Mauritania, Niger, Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali) IIFRP / D: International Institute for Training and Research on Peace and Development INRAN: National Institute of Agricultural Research of Niger OVI: Objectively Verifiable Indicator NDI: National Democratic Institute NGO: Non Governmental Organisation PDEVII: Peace and Development Project Phase 2 UNDP: United Nations Development Programme TFP: Technical and Financial Partners UAC: University of Abomey-Calavi UAM: Abdou Moumouni University UAZ: University of Agadez UDA: University of Diffa UDO: University of Dosso EU: European Union UEMOA: West African Economic and Monetary Union USAID: US Agency for international Development UTA: University of Tahoua UTI: University of Tillaberi UZ: University of Zinder 4

INTRODUCTION From 2 to 4 November 2015 was held in Diffa, an International Symposium on the Culture of Peace in the Lake Chad Basin, organized by the newly created University of Diffa. The brilliance of this forum was enhanced by the participation of eminent personalities from the universities of Niger the sub-region (Chad, Cameroon, Benin, Mali, Burkina Faso, Nigerian), Europe (Spain), and politicians (Former Prime Minister of Niger, Former Ministers of Niger, National Deputies, governors, prefects), the President of the CNDH, of traditional chiefs or their representatives, in the Diffa Region). The organization and holding of this conference were facilitated thanks the support of Institutions and Agencies hereinafter: the High Authority for the Consolidation of Peace, other technical and financial partners (TFP), NGOs, and PROJECTS and Defense and Security forces (FDS). Recommendations were formulated during the closing ceremony and are presented below:

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RECOMMENDATIONS TO AUTHORITIES OF MEMBER COUNTRIES OF THE LAKE CHAD BASIN AND THEIR TECHNICAL AND FINANCIAL PARTNERS 1. In terms of security N°

Recommandations

Strengthen the security device within countries and across borders and involve people in the management of the crisis

R1

Implémentation Actors • Policy makers • Defense and Security Forces • populations

Objectively Sources of Implementation Vérifiable Vérification hypothesis of the Indicators (OVI) Recommendations • Laws, decree • Texts of laws and • Laws enacted and • defense and regulations promulgated, security devices in • defense and regulations issued place within security devices in • The defense and security arrangements in countries and place and place at sensitive access across borders operational points along the borders • Populations • Reports of within countries and regularly meetings with people across borders consulted on involved in security • The populations make security issues issues theirs security matters Wide • radio releases, dissemination of SMS messages, etc. security instructions issued Self-organization (curfews, closure and ownership of of markets, the security issue by 6

N°

Recommandations

Reinforce the capacity and means of defense and security forces to better secure their mission with an effective sub-regional coordination

R2

Implémentation Actors

Objectively Sources of Implementation Vérifiable Vérification hypothesis of the Indicators (OVI) Recommendations prohibition of the populations certain socioeconomic activities, etc.) • Policy makers • Defense and • Laws and / or • Firm political and • Military security forces decrees adopted / military will to end Authorities with sufficient taken by the various terrorist attacks or even human, material eradicate them. Militaro-political national bodies sub-regional and financial Governments • Consistent means are resources (number • Military Reports made available for the of men, adequate security sector • Existence of weapons, suitable military • Accessibility of the regularly paid equipment defense and security wages) forces to terrorists’ • Training courses retrenchments. tailored to the specific security context (Battle fields, the enemy recognition criteria, etc.) • Number of neutralized 7

N°

Recommandations

Implémentation Actors

Objectively Sources of Vérifiable Vérification Indicators (OVI) terrorists attacks • Number of liberated localities from terrorist control. Strengthen civilian and • Political and • Boko Haram • Reports of military awareness Military Leaders suspects recognition suspicious activities to communities • NGOs / indices and safety recognition indices information on suspects recognition Associations / of the Boko Haram Projects indices of the Boko produced, sect and the safety Haram sect and safety • administrative and disseminated and instructions instructions traditional authorities popularized • Activity reports of awareness sessions • Community • Number of R3 Opinion Leaders awareness sessions conducted • Training reports of • Media conducted community opinion •Youth organizations • Number of leaders and youth community opinion organizations, leaders trained Number of Number of youth organization formed broadcasts through the mass media

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Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations

• Cooperation and collaboration between communities (opinion leaders, young people, etc.) • Building confidence and a real partnership between Military institutions and the populations, the NGOs, youth, traditional authorities, etc. •Equip, train, encourage and protect informants on Boko Haram activism

N°

Recommandations

Strengthen control on drugs traffic and educating young people against these scourges

R4

Develop strategies to identify potential perpetrators of this movement and dialogue R5 with these actors

Implémentation Actors

Objectively Vérifiable Indicators (OVI) • Customs • Sufficient human authorities resources assigned • Police Authorities to control drug traffic to fight against trafficking and drug • Number of consumption arrested drug • Opinion leaders dealers • NGOs / • Number of Associations / awareness Projects sessions, training Youth and education organizations performed. Number of public drugs incineration meetings • political and • Documents of military authorities strategies • Customary developed • Number of authorities potential leaders • Repentant from BH militia of Boko Haram • Informants identified • facilitators • Number of 9

Sources of Vérification • Number of human resources assigned to control drug traffic • Activity reports of police authorities to fight against trafficking and drug consumption business awareness training reports, training and education conducted Reports / records of Contacts / dialogues initiated

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations • Sufficient financial resources to recruit and / or allocate the necessary human and material resources • Accessibility (access roads, favorable security conditions) to youth for the realization of educational sessions, training and education

• Political will displayed for dialogue with leaders of the movement • Take favor of positive indices to initiate dialogue (among the prisoners and fighters,

N°

Recommandations

Implement integrated development programs in border areas: • Consolidate the border villages to form more viable groups equipped with adequate basic social infrastructure R6 • Distribute in consultation with neighboring countries, the location of infrastructure in order to strengthen cross-border integration (health centers, schools, markets, playgrounds, etc.)

Implémentation Actors

• Political authorities of the countries bordering Lake Chad • Customary authorities • LCBC, G5 Sahel, CEN-SAD, UEMOA, ECOWAS • International donors (WB, ADB, FDA, USAID, GEF, European Union, etc.) • Associations, NGOs projects

Objectively Sources of Vérifiable Vérification Indicators (OVI) meetings held and dialogues recorded

• Number of border villages clustered around adequate basic social infrastructure • Types of adequate basic infrastructure made • Types of socioeconomic activities conducted for the benefit of crossborder populations • Number of  10 

• Grouping Strategy Documents elaborated • types Reports of adequate basic infrastructure made • Implementation Reports of socioeconomic activities • Funding agreements Records of development projects in agropastoral areas in the no man's lands

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations on the field, etc.) • The acceptance by the leaders of the movement to negotiate with political and military authorities • Membership of the populations of border villages to the consolidation strategy • Acceptance by local communities, collective management of adequate basic infrastructure made • Supports by the technical and financial partners • Acceptance by local communities to use the agro-pastoral areas cleared in the no man's lands • peaceful cohabitation

N°

Recommandations

Develop agricultural and pastoral areas in the no man's lands that the bands occupy.

Achieving sustainable security device at the border: • Sustaining joint / simultaneous actions R7 established by the Joint Multinational Force • Extend and frame the right of pursuit • Install permanent units able to protect the conduct of economic and

Implémentation Actors

Objectively Sources of Vérifiable Vérification Indicators (OVI) development projects funded and implemented for the benefit of trans-boundary populations of the Lake Chad Basin • Number of agropastoral areas arranged in the no man's lands • political and • Texts of laws • Official military authorities and extending newspaper of neighboring framing the right • Activity reports countries of the of pursuit of military Lake Chad • Number of authorities • Regional stations for • Records of authorities monitoring and periodic meetings (Governorates, controlling the between local officials) of conduct of administrative the countries economic and authorities bordering Lake cross-border •A directory of Chad activities contacts  11 

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations between communities • Absence of insecurity

• adequate human and financial resources to undertake all actions • permeability of state borders in the Lake Chad Basin Pooling of military resources (communication, logistics)

N°

Recommandations

Implémentation Actors

cross-border activities • Hold periodic meetings between the border administrative authorities, which should have an adviser to border and strategic affairs (for this purpose, a forum of governors of border states of Nigeria and Cameroon was created in 2015) • Extend the Forum of Governors to other countries of the Lake Chad Basin

R8

Extend the missions of the LCBC: • Expand understanding of its mission to promote peace between Lake

• Political authorities of the countries bordering Lake Chad • LCBC International donors

Objectively Vérifiable Indicators (OVI) • appoint a consultant in charge of border and strategic affairs

• Demarcation of boundaries on Lake Chad • Number of joint patrol • Creation of a  12 

Sources of Vérification

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations

(phonebook) of officials • Periodic reports An advisor on border and Strategic Affairs appointed

• Borders demarcation reports of on Lake Chad • Reports on mixed patrol missions • Relevant Database

Political willingness and sufficient human and financial resources to undertake all actions

N°

Recommandations

riparian states to incorporate conflict management and security as it has been done elsewhere since 1983 (demarcation Lake, joint patrols) • Intensify the work of the department in charge of cooperation, integration and security so that it organizes business intelligence, having a relevant database, on peace, security and integration • Open the LCBC liaison offices in the capitals of neighboring regions of the Lake

Implémentation Actors

Objectively Sources of Implementation Vérifiable Vérification hypothesis of the Indicators (OVI) Recommendations (WB, ADB, AFD, database peace, security and USAID, GEF, etc.) • Number of integration offices of the • LCBC offices LCBC created in established in the the capitals of the capitals of the neighboring neighboring regions regions of the of the Lake Lake • Recruiting analysts • Creating Jobs of on integration, peace, security, promotion analysts in integration, peace of human rights and gender and security, promotion of human rights and gender • Construction / rehabilitation of the LCBC office.

• Provide the organization with a  13 

N°

Recommandations

Implémentation Actors

Objectively Vérifiable Indicators (OVI)

new office or rehabilitate the current one to match its new structure Create system analyst bureau in integration, peace, security, promotion of human rights and gender

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Sources of Vérification

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations

2. At social and economic level N°

R9

Recommandations

• Help victims to return to normal life through income generating activities • De-radicalized Boko Haram extremist groups • Reinforce the collaboration between judicial leaders, military authorities and the people • Integrate ex BH fighters in social life

Implémentation Actors • Political, judiciary, military, traditional and religious leaders • Local officials • Projects, NGOs and Development Associations

Objectively Vérifiable Indicators (OVI) • Number of development projects formulated and funded • Number and categories of beneficiaries • Number of extremists BH de-radicalized Existence of an exchange body structure between the judicial and military authorities

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Sources of Vérification

• Financing agreements of Projects and Programs Development • Implementation Reports of projects and programs • Project Evaluation Reports and Programs • de-radicalization Report

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations • Good cooperation between judicial and military authorities • Access to vulnerable areas • Membership of the target populations • Acceptance by the local people of the re-integrated exBoko Haram fighters into the society • Cooperation of the extremists BH fighters

N°

R10

R11

Recommandations

Implémentation Actors

Strengthen emergency aid to the IDP camps, refugees and people whose activities are compromised (food, health, education)

• Political authorities • Locally elected • Humanitarian actors (NGOs, funding agencies, etc.) beneficiaries

Create jobs for young people what will necessarily be involved to avoid negative influences

• Political, traditional and religious authorities • Local officials • Associations of youth • Development Projects and NGOs

Objectively Vérifiable Indicators (OVI) • Number of emergency aid projects trained, financed and executed • Number of supported camps Number and categories of beneficiaries • Number of jobs created for youth • Number of young people trained in the field of socioeconomic activities • Number of youth organizations supported  16 

Sources of Vérification

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations

• Financing Agreements • Implementation Reports of projects and programs evaluation reports of projects and programs

• Aid Availability • Access to vulnerable areas • Membership of targeted populations

• Regional / National Statistics of job creation for young people. •Training and support reports to young people

• Available fund • Existence of favorable security conditions for job establishment • Membership and commitment to youth job establishment policy. Ability to insert the unemployed youth in the socio-

N°

Recommandations

Implémentation Actors

Objectively Vérifiable Indicators (OVI)

Sources of Vérification

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations economic field

Create development projects and companies able to support young

R12

• Political authorities • Local officials • Projects and Development NGOs and projects • Donors • Associations of youth • Private sector enterprises.

• Number of development projects formulated, financed and executed • Number of youth created businesses Number of young beneficiaries • Youth association • private sector enterprises

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• Financing Agreements • Implementation Reports of projects and programs • Project Evaluation Reports and Programs • Reports of young corporate activities

• Membership and youth engagement in projects activities and entrepreneurship • adequate funding of youth projects at appropriate time

N°

Recommandations

Implémentation Actors • Ministry of Higher education and research • Ministry in charge of Youth entrepreneurship • Ministry of vocational training

R13

Advocate training and youth employment: • Provide existing training schools with new equipment, qualified instructors in sufficient number, adequate training programs conform to present and future needs of workers • Create more subregional centers oriented toward agriculture, trade, breeding and craftsmanship under LCBC supervision. • Rehabilitate or create training centers that meet the education level of young people seeking job.

Objectively Vérifiable Indicators (OVI) • The nature, quantity and quality of equipments brought to training schools • quality of the proposed curricula • number of subregional centers created vocational training and those oriented toward agriculture, breeding and handicraft • number of functional literacy centers created • number of  18 

Sources of Vérification

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations

• references of contracts signed and delivered equipments • profiles of the trainers recruited • teaching curricula proposed • physical existing/visible training centers related to agriculture breeding and handcraft • activity reports of the literacy centers • social centers built for adults training • quality of the teaching in the adults training centers • attendance rate of the centers by adults

• Strong political will • defining a clear policy of youth training and employment and financing it • youth and adults acceptance of different policies and programs • Social centers’ activity reports.

N°

Recommandations

Implémentation Actors

• Increase functional literacy centers for the benefit of illiterate women and social centers for unmarried mothers, early widowed, young divorcees.

R14

Supporting youth entrepreneurship: • Organize training in setting up projects • Organize mobile lounges of youth entrepreneurship • Appoint guardians to accompany the formalization of business ideas carried out by young people • Reducing credit access conditions for

Objectively Vérifiable Indicators (OVI)

Sources of Vérification

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations

• setting up projects Training reports • Activity reports of realized mobile shows • Recruitment reports of tutors of young project leaders • Activity reports of tutors of young project leaders • Project Financing Agreement • Portfolio of loans granted to young project leaders

• Membership of technical and financial partners to support youth entrepreneurship • strong commitment of the political authorities to support youth entrepreneur Youth membership to the various policies and training programs and

illiterate women trained • number of social centers created

• House of entrepreneurship in Niger • chamber of commerce industry and crafts • Banking and Micro Finance Institutions (MFIs) • Ministry of Economy and Finance • Ministry of Vocational

• Number of project conception training sessions conducted • Number of mobile fairs of youth entrepreneurship, made • Number and profiles of tutors hired to accompany the  19 

N°

R15

Recommandations

Implémentation Actors

Objectively Vérifiable Indicators (OVI)

young project leaders

Training

formalization of business ideas • Number of bankable projects submitted for financing to banks • Volume of loans to young project leaders •repayment rate of loans granted to young project leaders • Number of Koranic schools surveyed and mapped in each country of the Lake Chad Basin • Number of students registered in koranic schools

Formalize Koranic schools and supervise religious education: • Identify and map Koranic schools in each country • Arrange the statistics of employees by age and gender in order to

• Ministry in charge of religious and traditional affairs • Ministry of Primary and Nonformal Education • Traditional and

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Sources of Vérification

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations financing projects

• Atlas of Koranic schools in the countries of the Lake Chad Basin • Census results of Koranic schools existing in the area • Physical Existence of established mixed educational institutions

• acceptance by the technical and financial partners to support the different policies • strong commitment from the political authorities

N°

Recommandations

enroll the youngest in modern schools • Create mixed schools with teachers assigned to religious teachings and lay knowledge • Identify and recycle Koranic teachers • Organize training sessions for imams and regulate the exercise of this profession • Adopt a religious education program for the use of Koranic schools formalized

Implémentation Actors religious authorities • Religious associations Local populations

Objectively Vérifiable Indicators (OVI)

Sources of Vérification

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations

known by age and gender • Number of joint teaching institutions created • Number of teachers recruited, trained / recycled and assigned to religious teachings and lay knowledge • Number of imams training sessions conducted • Adoption of legislation regulating the exercise of Koranic school teacher profession

• Enrolment/recycling reports and posting of religious teachers • Reports of training sessions for imams • Laws regulating the profession of the Koranic school teaching by trade, adopted Curricula of religious education programs

• Support of the process by religious leaders

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N°

Recommandations

R16

Raising awareness on human rights, ethics and transparency: • At public school level • In prisons • Involve civil society in raising awareness of human rights • Regulate and implement youth women and minorities groups access to quotas, in elected office • Take into account the rights of women in the curricula of formal Koranic schools.

Implémentation Actors • Ministry in charge of Primary education • Ministry in charge of secondary education • Civil Society Organizations • political and administrative authorities • Organizations of Civil Society and NGOs Technical and Financial Partners

Objectively Vérifiable Indicators (OVI)

Sources of Vérification

• Quality and relevance of religious education programs in public and Islamic schools •Number of sensitization sessions conducted by civil society organizations • Number of young people, women and minority groups represented in elected office • Living conditions of prisoners

• Education programs in public and Islamic schools • Sensitization activities reports conducted by civil society Organizations • Composition of bodies which emanate from elections • Activity reports from organizations in charge of the protection of human rights, of monitoring public schools, Koranic schools and prisons where Boko Haram fighters are detained.

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Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations • strong commitment of the political authorities and organizations in charge of Human Rights • acceptance from technical and financial partners to support the different policies.

3. On research and sub-regional strategy level N°

Recommandations

Develop sustained cooperation with universities through research support and networking of universities for a rational exploitation of results by decision makers R17

Implémentation Objectively Vérifiable Actors Indicators (OVI) • Universities of the Lake Chad Basin • FDS • Policy makers • Ministry of Higher Education and Research • LCBC

• Agreements between universities • National Network of Research on Peace and Development in each country of the Lake Chad Basin, • Sub-Regional Network of Research on Peace and development • International Network of Research on Peace and development • Number of joint activities carried out by the Universities

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Sources of Vérification

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations • All cooperation • Engagement by the agreements and universities of the partnerships Lake Chad Basin to between work within the universities network (pooling signed the sites and • Research research means) • Research sites are plan/Program accessible developed and • Defense and validated security forces are • Results associated to All recorded and research activities published • Acceptance by • Network technical and operationality financial partners to • Research results regularly support the different policies. published and • cooperation networked • texts that create agreements and

N°

Recommandations

Implémentation Objectively Vérifiable Actors Indicators (OVI)

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Sources of Vérification

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations the Network. partnerships • Annual reports between universities signed of the networks • Plan / Research (national, subProgram developed regional and and validated International) • The results recorded and published • Network Operationality • Research results published regularly and networked • Network creation texts • Annual reports of networks (national, sub-regional and International)

N°

Recommandations

Encourage the establishment of an International Institute of formation in peace research and Development (IIFRP / D) at the University of Diffa

R18

Implémentation Objectively Vérifiable Actors Indicators (OVI) • University of Diffa • Universities of the network • Policy makers • Structures involved in peace consolidation in the Basin • Technical and financial partners

• International Institute for Training and Research on peace and Development at the University of Diffa • Training and research Curricula • Number of trained actors Number of articles published

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Sources of Vérification

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations • Texts that • Existence of an create the institution of peace center and Development at • The center’s the University of activity reports Diffa • Assessment • The desire to report of the perpetuate and share center’s activities the knowledge Publication by developed by the the IIFRP/D networks • Membership of the technical and financial partners to support the different policies • All stakeholders are actively involved in the center’s activities dissemination of results

4. Recommandations to researchers and university staff N°

R19

R20

Recommandations

Continue to explore methods and tools to eradicate the phenomenon of Boko Haram imposed on countries in the subregion of the Lake Chad Basin

Appropriating the inventory of the security situation in the Lake Chad Basin

Implémentatio n Actors • Universities of the Lake Chad Basin • Policy makers • Structures involved in the consolidation of peace in the basin populations • Universities • Military Authorities • Policy makers • Military and political subregional

Objectively Vérifiable Indicators (OVI)

Sources of Vérification

• Number of articles published • Number of seminars and symposium held • evaluation of the security context in the basin

• Activity reports of universities • Reports and conference/ symposium proceedings. • Articles published

• Inventory • Number of exchanges and reflection meetings held on the evaluation process

Evaluation reports of exchange meetings held

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Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations All actors involved in the eradication of the phenomenon of BOKO HARAM

• The security situation in the Lake Chad basin is diagnosed and controlled • Availability of documents on the evaluation done

N°

Recommandations

Implémentatio n Actors

Objectively Vérifiable Indicators (OVI)

Sources of Vérification

bodies

Develop specialized training programs on issues of Peace and Security at the subregional level

R21

• International Institute for training and Research on peace and development at the University of Diffa • Universities members of the network • Policy makers • Defense and security forces • The Technical and Financial Partners

• The Institute’s Training Programs • Number of trained actors

 27 

• Activity reports of the International Institute for Training and Research on Peace and Development at the University of Diffa • Publication by the IIFRP/D.

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations about the security context in the Lake Chad Basin • All stakeholders are actively involved in the activities of the International Institute for Training and Research on Peace and Development at the University of Diffa

N°

Recommandations

Develop an educational strategy adapted to current conditions in the region

R22

Implémentatio n Actors • Policy makers • The authorities in charge of education in the subregion • The Technical and financial partners • NGOs and Associations of the Education Sector

Objectively Vérifiable Indicators (OVI) • Relocation of schools in more secured areas • The number of these schools are maintained • Number of reopened schools and made operational.

 28 

Sources of Vérification • Activity report • Evaluation reports and follow up reports

Implementation hypothesis of the Recommendations The education system is made functional and responsive to security conditions in the region.