Proceedings of International Conference on Electrical Infonnation and Communication Technology (EICT 20 I 5)
Microcontroller Based Self Sustaining Automatic Traffic Light Control Using Speed Breaker Tawhida Akand, Sadeka Sultana, lahedul Islam, Mrinmoy Dey
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Chittagong-4349, Bangladesh
[email protected],
[email protected],
[email protected], jahedul.
[email protected]
Abstract- Present development of the world is measured by the amount of energy consumption. Energy of today world is generated from conventional energy sources mostly which are decreasing day by day. Moreover, these conventional energy sources causes pollution and responsible for global warming of the world. To solve these problems, researchers are trying frequently to explore new sources of energy which are clean, environment friendly, sustainable. This project is focused on auto traffic light control using energy conversion by speed breaker. Generated voltage depends on spring constant, displacement of rack length, gear ratio, number of gear combination, number of vehicle. Here the procedure is discussed to increase the efficiency. The automatic traffic light control circuit control the vehicle flow automatically. Charging circuit charges the battery. The advantages of this project are discussed here.
Amanpreet Kaur, Shivansh Kumar Singh, Rajneesh, Parwez, Shashank, described "Power Generation Using Speed Breaker with Auto Street Light", International Journal of Engineering Science and Innovative Technology [5]. "Intelligent Traffic Signal Control System Using Embedded System" by Dinesh Rotake et al. which does not provide the flexibility to the system [6]. "Development Of A Microcontroller-Based Traffic Light System For Road Intersection Control" by Ganiyu R. A.et al. explores the design and implementation of a microcontroller-based traffic light system for road intersection control
II.
[2].
METHODOLOGY
A. Block diagram Key words-Speed breaker, Microcontroller, Traffic light.
I.
INTRODUCTION
Now a day the world is facing a problem of finishing the fuel stored in the world. The energy stored in earth is decreasing and the demand is increasing. As a result, it has become a severe problem to fulfil the demand. A steady increase in metro-city population, the number of automobiles and cars increases rapidly and metro traffic is growing crowded which leads to the traffic jam problem. This proposed system will have effective role to avoid the traffic jam [1]. According to various statistics the production of fossil fuel will start to decrease after 2015. To meet the demand of energy new source of energy is important. So, renewable energy sources are needed to reduce the carbon dioxide emission and meet the future energy crisis. Traffic signals direct streams of vehicles and pedestrianswhen to go, stop, or proceed with caution [2]. A number of researches have been done in this project.ln some countries it has been implemented. Implementation of a project named Power Generation from Speed Breaker by Rack and Ratchet Mechanism by researchers of Kshatriva College of Engineering,Chepur, Armoor, Nizamabad.(February 2014) [3]. A paper was published to the International Journal of Engineering Science and Innovative Technology (IJESIT) named Generation of Electricity Using Road Transport Pressure by researchers of Rajshahi University Of Engineering &Technology [4].
978-1-4673-9257-0/15/$31.00 ©2015 IEEE
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Vehicle
Rack &
Gear
pressur
pinion
combination Charging circuit
Traffic light control
Figure I: Block diagram
B. Schematic design
Pully
Base
Figure 2: Mechanical device design
When vehicle hits speed breaker, it squeezes the spring and moves the rack downward which rotates the pinion, pulley, gear. This rotary motion is converted to electrical energy by dynamo. When the vehicle cross across the speed breaker, the expansion of springs takes the speed breaker at previous states. The charging circuit charges a 12V battery. The regulator provides a fixed voltage to microcontroller. The microcontroller controls the traffic light as it is programmed. C.
D. Component used in fabrication In this design following components are used 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11)
Flow chart
Speed breaker. Rack and Pinion combination. Springs. Gear combination. Belt. Micro generator. Charging circuit Battery Regulator Microcontroller. Traffic light control
1) Speed Breaker It is the upper portion of the device. Made of Iron. It is curved. The main principal of this speed breaker is to sustain the pressure of vehicle and squeeze it when vehicle pass through it. Here vehicle pressure is working as mechanical force.
North & South Lane Red Light East & West Green Lane Light
2) Rack and Pinion A rack and pinion is a type of linear actuator that comprises a pair of gears which convert rotational motion into linear motion and vice versa. [3]. The circular gear is called pinion and the linear gear is called rack. Force is applied on the linear gear rack which causes pinion rotation. Thus the mechanical force is converted into rotational force. The higher the length of rack displacement the higher the voltage generated.
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