Apr 5, 2001 - tion Of A Stewart Platform And Its Application to Six. Degree Of ... VarlaxTM, giddings & Lewis® Auto
USO0RE40914E
(19) United States (12) Reissued Patent
(10) Patent Number:
Taylor et al. (54)
(75)
(45) Date of Reissued Patent:
ORTHOPAEDIC FIXATION PLATE
Inventors: J. Charles Taylor, Memphis, TN (US); Harold S Taylor, Memphis, TN (US) '
.
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(73) Asslgnee. sIIJIlSlth & Nephew, Inc., Memph1s, TN (
(*) Notice:
US RE40,914 E
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FR
2 576 774
8/1986
FR
2 756 025
11/1996
GB GB
108119
7/1917
2 077 847
12/1981
SU
820813
4/1981
SU
1255118
SU
W0
*Sep. 8, 2009
9/1986
l 519 673
11/1989
WO 91/06253
5/1991
This patent is subject to a terminal dis claimer. OTHER PUBLICATIONS
(21) Appl.No.: 09/827,252 (22) Filed:
Apr. 5, 2001 Related US. Patent Documents
“Monticelli Spinelli External Fixation Systems,” pp. 1428, P?zer Hospital Products Group, 1991* A.S.A.M.I. Group, “Operative Principles of IliZaroviFrac ture Treatment, Nonunion Osteomyelitis, Lengthening
(64) Patent No.: Issued: Appl. No.:
5,891,143 Apr. 6, 1999 08/954,003
Deforimity Correction,” Medi Surgical Video, 1991. Catagni, M.A., MalZev, V., Kirienko, A., “Advances in IliZarov Apparatus AssemblyiFracture Treatment, Pseu darthrosesiLengthening Deformity Correction,” Medi
Filed:
Oct. 20, 1997
calplastic sri. 1994.
Reissue of:
(51)
(52) (58)
Int. Cl. A61B 17/56
(Continued) (2006.01)
Primary ExamineriDarwin P EreZo
US. Cl. ............................. .. 606/56; 606/53; 606/54 Field of Classi?cation Search .................. .. 606/52,
(74) Attorney, Agent, or FirmiKilpatrick Stockton LLP
(57)
ABSTRACT
606/53, 54461
See application ?le for complete search history.
A plate for use in ?xating the position of a ?rst bone segment
References Cited
body portion having a plurality of attachment mechanisms
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
include: a ?rst group of three attachment mechanisms sub stantially positioned Within 90°4150o of one another about a
relative to a second bone segment, the plate comprising a
(56)
1,308,799 2,055,024 2,250,417 2,391,537
A A
7/1919 Masland 9/1936 Bittner, Jr.
A
7/1941 Ettinger
A
12/1945 Anderson
circle, and preferably Within substantially 1200 of one another, Whereby the ?rst group of attachment mechanisms is designed to facilitate attachment of a plurality of adjust
(Continued)
ment mechanisms substantially positioned about the circle
FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS DE DE DE EP
located therein, Wherein the attachment mechanisms
25 46 046 295 03 147.6 295 14411 1 U 0 589 565
4/1977 6/1995 1/1996 3/1994
able length struts to the plate; and a second group of attach that are designed to facilitate attachment of accessories to
the plate, Wherein the total number of the attachment mecha nisms is a multiple of three.
29 Claims, 7 Drawing Sheets
US RE40,914 E Page 2
US. PATENT DOCUMENTS 2,487,989 A
11/1949 Sherburne
3,176,805 A
4/1965 Gandy
3,727,610 A 3,941,123 A
4/1973 Riniker 3/1976 Volkov et al.
3,977,397 A
3,985,127 4,033,340 4,100,919 4,112,935 4,127,119 4,308,863 4,361,144
A A A A A A A
*
8/1976
10/1976 7/1977 7/1978 9/1978 11/1978 1/1982 11/1982
KalnberZ et al. ............ .. 606/57
Volkov et al. KalnberZ Oganesyan et al. Latypov et al. Kronner Fischer Slatis
4,365,624 A
12/1982 Jaquet
4,482,266 A
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4,483,334 A
11/1984 Murray
4,502,473 4,541,422 4,554,915 4,570,625 4,615,338 4,620,533 4,624,249 4,628,922 4,662,365
3/1985 9/1985 11/1985 2/1986 10/1986 11/1986 11/1986 12/1986 5/1987
A A A A A A A A A
4,768,524 A 4,889,111 4,928,546 4,973,331 4,988,244 5,028,180 5,062,844 5,170,790 5,179,525 5,180,380 5,209,750 5,259,710 5,275,598 5,354,158 5,372,597 5,388,935 5,405,347 5,461,515 5,466,085 5,490,784 5,702,389 5,728,095
A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A
5,776,132 A 5,797,908 A 5,971,984 A 6,030,386 A
Harris et al. de Zbikowski Brum?eld Harris et al. IliZarov et al. Mears Cambras Dewar GotZen et al.
9/1988 Hardy 12/1989 5/1990 11/1990 1/1991 7/1991 11/1991 12/1992 1/1993 1/1993 5/1993 11/1993 1/1994 10/1994 12/1994 2/1995 4/1995 10/1995 11/1995 2/1996 12/1997 3/1998
Ben-Dov Walters Pursley et al. Sheldon et al. Sheldon et al. Jamison et al. Lacoste et al. Grif?s et al. Pursley et al. Stef Charles Cook Sheldon et al. Hotchkiss et al. Sheldon Lee et al. Sorce Sheldon et al. Carmein Taylor et al. Taylor et al.
7/1998 Blyakher 8/1998 Meyers et al. 10/1999 Austin et al. 2/2000 Taylor et al.
OTHER PUBLICATIONS
Chen, N., Song, S., “Direct Position Analysis of the 446 Stewart Platforms”, Journal ofMechanical Design, V01. 1 16, Mar. 1994, pp. 61466.
Chironis, Nicholas P., “Mechanisms & Mechanical Devices
Sourcebook”, pp. 3664367, McGrawiHill, Inc., 1991. Dasgupta, B., Mruthyunjaya, T.S., “A Canonical Formula tion Of The Direct Position Kinematics Problem ForA Gen
eral 646 Stewart Platform”, Mech. Mach. Theory, V01. 29, No.6, 1994, pp. 8194827.
Fichter, E.F., “A Stewart PlatformiBased Manipulator: Gen eral Theory and Practical Construction”, International Jour nal ofRobotics Research, V01. 5, No. 2, pp. 1574182.
Geng, Z.J., Haynes, L.S., “A “34241” Kinematic Con?gura tion Of A Stewart Platform And Its Application to Six Degree Of Freedom Pose Measurements”, Robotics & Com
puteriIntegrated Manufacturing, V01. 11, No. 1, 1994, pp. 23424.
HexiFix Surgical Technique brochure, title page and pp. 147.
IliZaroV, Gavrill A., “Transosseous OsteosynthesisiTheo retical and Clinical Aspects of the Regeneration and Growth
of Tissue,” SpringeriVerlag, 1992. Ji, Z., “Dynamics Decomposition for Stewart Platforms”, Journal ofMechanical Design, VOl. 116, Mar. 1994, pp. 67469.
Liu, K., Fitzgerald, J.M., Lewis, F.L., “Kinematic Analysis of a Stewart Platform Manipulator”, IEEE Transaction On
Industrial Electronics, V01. 40, No. 2, Apr. 1993, pp. 2824293.
Liu, K. Lewis, F.L. Fitzgerald, M., “Solution Of Nonlinear Kinematics Of A ParalleliLink Constrained Stewart Plat
form Manifulator”, Circuita Systems Signal Process, V01. 13, No. 243, 1994, pp. 1674183. Monticelli Spinelli® External Fixation System, Cover and pp. 1428.
Nair, R., Maddocks, J.H., “On The Forward Kinematics Of Parallel Manipulators”, The International Journal of Rotot ics Research, V01. 13, No. 2, Apr. 1994, pp. 1714188. Nanua, P., Waldron, K.J., and Murthy, V., “Direct Kinematic Solution of a Stewart Platform”, IEEE Transactions On
Robotics And Automation, V01. 6, No. 4, Aug. 1990, pp. 4384443.
Raghavan, M., “The Stewart Platform of General Geometry Has 40 Con?gurations”, Journal ofMechanical Design, VOl. 115, Jun. 1993, pp. 2774282. Richards Medical Company, Richards External Fixation
Systems, 1983, 8 pages. Smith & Nephew Richards Inc., The Original Ilizarov Sys tem. The Ilizarov External Fixator General Surgical Tech
nique Brochure, 1988. Sreenivasan, S.V., Waldron, K.J., “ClosediForm Direct Dis placement Analysis Of A 6i6 Stewart Platform”, Mech. Mach Theory, vol. 29, No. 6, 1994, pp. 8554864. Sloughton, R.S., Arai, T., “A Modi?ed Stewart Platform Manipulator With Improved Dexterity”, IEEE Transactions On Robotics And Automation, V01. 9, No. 2, Apr. 1993. Techniques In Orthopaedics, Basic Ilizarov Techniques, V01. 5, No. 4, Dec. 1990, 4 pages. The IliZaroV Method Bioskills Workshop Handbook, Essen tial Concepts & Methodology for Application of the IliZaroV Technique, 26 pages. “The IliZaroV External Fixator, General Surgical Technique Brochure”, 1988. VarlaxTM, giddings & Lewis® Automation Technology, 4
Dasgupta, B., Mruthyunjaya, T.S., “Letter To The Editor”, Mech. Mach. Theory, V01. 29, No.2, 1994, p. 341.
pages.
Fenton, R.G., “Response”, Mech. Mach. Theory, V01. 29, No. 2, 1994, p. 343.
Stewart Platform Mechanisms”, Mech. Mach Theory, V01. 29, No. 4, 1994, pp. 547557.
Wen, F., Liang, C., “Displacement Analysis Of The 646
US RE40,914 E Page 3
Wohlhart, K., “Displacement Analysis Of The General Spherical Stewart Platform”, Mech. Mach. Theory, VOl. 29, No.4, 1994, pp. 581589. Zhang, C., Song, S., “Forward Position Analysis Of Nealy General Stewart Platforms”, Journal ofMechanical Design,
Zhuang, H., Roth, Z.S., “Method for Kinematic Calibration Of Stewart Platforms”, Journal OfRObOU-C Systems] 10(3)’
VOl. 116, pp. 54460, Mar. 1994.
* cited by examiner
1993’ pp’ 391405’
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FIG. 11
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2
ORTHOPAEDIC FIXATION PLATE
As with the prior art IliZarov ?xator, the Taylor Spatial FrameTM ?xator plates include a plurality of spaced aper
Matter enclosed in heavy brackets [ ] appears in the original patent but forms no part of this reissue speci?ca tion; matter printed in italics indicates the additions made by reissue.
tures or holes therethrough for attaching accessories to the
device. In addition, the plates include plurality of cavities or holes for attachment of the struts to the rings. Applicants have now developed a unique hole placement scheme for the
Taylor Spatial FRAMETM ?xator rings. This unique hole BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
placement scheme takes advantage of the unique nature of the Taylor Spatial FrameTM ?xator and the unique method of using the same, and provides substantial advantages over the unsystematically placed hole patterns utilized in IliZarov
1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plate for use as part of an
external ?xation device, and more particularly to a unique
rings.
hole pattern within the plate. 2. General Background and Description of the Prior Art Traditional circular ring external ?xation devices consist
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel external ?xation plate that can be used as part of the Taylor
of IliZarov-type devices that are based on a circumferential
external ?xator system disclosed by G. A. IliZarov during the early 1950’s. The IliZarov system includes at least two rings
Spatial FRAMETM ?xator, and facilitates the unique method of using the Taylor Spatial FrameTM ?xator.
or “halos” that encircle a patient’s body member (e.g., a
patient’s leg), connecting rods extending between the two rings, trans?xion pins that extend through the patient’s
20
boney structure, and connectors for connecting the trans?x ion pins to the rings. Use of the IliZarov system to deal with angulation, translation and rotation is disclosed in “Basic
IliZarov Techniques,” Techniques in Orthopaedics®, Vol. 5,
25
Nov. 4, December 1990, pages 55*59. The IliZarov system provides an external ?xation frame that allows for gradual correction along and about six axes; however such frames require many parts and are relatively complicated to build and use in a clinical situation. In
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a novel external ?xation plate that easy to manufacture, and simpli?es the ?xator construction process. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a novel external ?xation plate that offers various clinical advantages over prior art designs by providing a convenient frame of reference to aid a surgeon in preoperative planning
and surgical application of the device. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a 30
addition, often orthopedic external ?xators such as IliZarov frames must be modi?ed after their initial application. Such
system of plates, wherein each plate within the system offers unique symmetrical properties and common hole spacing. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a hole scheme for an external ?xation plate that provides a
modi?cation may be necessary to convert from one correc
clear geometric relationship between the holes on such plate
tional axis to another. Alternatively, such modi?cations may allow conversion from an initial adjustment type of frame to a weight bearing type frame, since some of the correctional
relative to other holes on the same plate or holes on attached 35
These and other objects are realized by a ?xation plate that includes a plurality of attachment mechanisms located thereon. The attachment mechanism preferably consists of a
con?gurations are not stable enough for weight bearing. The rings used in the IliZarov devices include a plurality of spaced apertures or holes that allow for the attachment of various accessories to the device. The pattern of IliZarov ring holes is primarily determined as a function of the diameter of
plurality of equally spaced and symmetrically positioned 40
holes. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, the present invention includes a plate having a body portion that
includes a plurality of substantially equally spaced apertures
the ring. Conventional wisdom teaches that for any given diameter, the ring should include the maximum number of
or holes positioned arcuately therein. The holes are designed to facilitate attachment of a plurality of adjustable length
equally spaced arcuately positioned holes. Those skilled in the art believe that such hole positioning provides the sur
plates.
45
struts that interconnect one or more plates, and the attach
the often times complicated and elaborate IliZarov frame
ment of various accessories to the plates. The strut holes and the accessory holes may be indistinguishable or they may be
con?guration. The IliZarov ring holes, although equally
different. The arrangement of the holes provides triple
geon with the greatest degree of ?exibility in constructing spaced about a circle, are positioned such that the location of any given hole relative to another hole on additional rings
symmetry, and preferably 2> +1)]
(8)
60
(9)
the number of holes in each plate is a multiple of six. As noted above, the arc length, as opposed to the chord length, betWeen adjacent holes 8 can be ?xed. If the arc length betWeen the holes 8 is ?xed, for a given arc length k and holes N, the circumference of the circle 10 Will equal k>
