Payments for Ecosystem Services Using Product Bundles to Prevent Deforestation in Tropical Montane Cloud Forests TROPENTAG 2015 September 16 - 18, Berlin (Germany) Conference: Management of land use systems for enhanced food security – conflicts, controversies and resolutions
Pablo Martín-Ortega, AGTRAIN PhD fellow 1,2,3 (
[email protected]) Prof. Dr. Luis Gonzaga García-Montero1. University professor Dr. Nicole Sibelet2,3. Researcher, Sociologist, Anthropologist 1Department
of forest engineering, forest and environment management, School of Forestry Engineering, Technical University of Madrid (UPM), Spain 2CIRAD,
UMR Innovation, 34 398 Montpellier Cedex 3 CATIE, Turrialba 30501, Costa Rica
Tropical Mountain Cloud Forests (TMCFs) Endangered ecosystems (1.4% of tropical forest area, but 50 % of neotropical species) Outstanding ecosystem services Water, C sink and biodiversity
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Source: Cloud Forest Agenda, UNEP
Land use change: Agriculture
Major cause of TMCFs depletion Slash and burn Coffee and other crops Subsistence agriculture Source: Practical action
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Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES)
Average farm sizes: 102 ha in 2000 (SánchezAzofeifa et al. 2007) 165 ha in 2005 (Arriagada et al. 2012) What is the role of small farmers?
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Source: FCMC (USAID)
PES are contracts
Tenure insecurity in frontier areas High opportunity costs for conservation Small farms
Source: Community cloud forest conservation
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Current PES could improve
Including farmers with less resources Poorer and smaller landowners located in TMCFs remote areas How PES respond the needs in these areas Source: www.abomore.org 6
ES services in bundles
Carbon, water and biodiversity But also socioeconomic factors Local farmers perception
Source: (Wünscher et al. 2006) 7
Importance of the research
Improvement in decision-making with ES bundles Open and easy to use and understand technology for natural resources* Exportable to similar AFS situations Poverty alleviation
Source: www.blog.worldagroforestry.org
New insight in TMCFs as ES providers 8
Objectives
Identify and measure ES in selected areas Developing a PES which includes less favored or excluded farmers Analyze the socio-economic impact Understand stakeholder’s perceptions and interests
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Research Questions How can be ES effectively measured and monitored? What factors drive land use change in TMCFs? How stakeholders perceive PES?
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Study Area
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Source: CLIMIFORAD
Methods
Geospatial analysis, using collect earth and free on-line available LANDSAT imagery using Google Earth Engine API Field sampling for validation of geospatial methods (Soil C, Water, Biodiversity) Analysis of socio-economic variables through surveys using social sciences approach (semi-structured interviews). (Sibelet et al, 2013)
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Geospatial methodology 1.
Cloud map = TMCFs cover
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Land use change in TMCFs cover
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Bundling of ES using “Collect Earth technology”
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Scoring
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Social science methodology: Surveys
Geographic, social and historical data Interviews provide a realistic approach Rural livelihoods PES ? Open, closed or semi-structured and iterative. Source: www.bonappetit.com
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Integrative Model Intuitive geospatial methodology Easily adaptable in developing countries Participative tool
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Expected outputs
PES scheme exportable to other ecosystems Instructions and methods ES bundle trading tool New PES policy options
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Thank you, questions please!
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Source: www.abomore.org
Research questions How can be ES effectively measured and monitored? What factors drive land use change in TMCFs? How stakeholders perceive PES? e-mail:
[email protected]
Expected outputs Exportable PES scheme Instructions and methods ES bundle trading tool New PES policy options
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