Chandra Segar Thirumalai*et al. /International Journal of Pharmacy & Technology
ISSN: 0975-766X CODEN: IJPTFI Research Article
Available Online through www.ijptonline.com PHYSICIANS DRUG ENCODING SYSTEM USING AN EFFICIENT AND SECURED LINEAR PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOSYSTEM (ESLPKC) Chandra Segar Thirumalai* School of Information Technology and Engineering, VIT University, Vellore – 632014. Email:
[email protected] Received on 09-08-2016 Accepted on 28-08-2016 Abstract
Now-a-days, in the medical field, prescribing a medicine for a patient without mentioning its brand name is a tedious job. But it can be made possible, when both the parties (physician and pharmacist) are adapting well and standardized methodology. Our aim is to suggest an idea to make this process easy to understand and light to use. Based on the types of common diseases, the medicinal prescription lists can be categorized with relevant medicinal blocks. If a physician prescribes the medicine through this standardized predefined scheme, then the system will generate a unique number using Grace Code Cryptography and Linear RSA algorithms. The unique number will be given to the patient in the prescription sheet. Through this unique number, the pharmacist can get back the medical unit which is intended for a particular patient with the help of the same algorithms and using the standardized predefined scheme as it is a general template, and he delivers the medicine. So the patient will be given the prescribed medicine without specifying the brand name at any stage. Keywords: Pharmacology, Graceful Code Cryptography (GCC), Linear RSA, Standardized predefined scheme. I. Introduction If a patient is visiting a physician, he analyses the patient and prescribes some medicine. Usually, the Physicians prescribe some popular brand names of the medicine and quantity of the medicine. The Popular brands are famous because of their Advertisements and other Market tricks. At the greatest extent, only some popular brand medicines are coming under the spotlight rather than newly started Pharmaceutical companies which are unaware of these Marketing Games. To shine in the market, new pharmaceutical companies are also compelled to play some sort of marketing tricks. To remove these sorts of irregularities, business motives behind the screen and to welcome the newly started and standardized IJPT| Sep-2016 | Vol. 8 | Issue No.3 | 16296-16303
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Chandra Segar Thirumalai*et al. /International Journal of Pharmacy & Technology pharmaceutical companies, we propose a system. Figure 1 shows a conventional system of prescribing a medicine, to the patients by the physician. According to our system, the Physician will have a list of common diseases and some set templates of the medicines for the corresponding diseases. The physician thoroughly checks the patient and selects a medicinal block which is suitable or which can cure the problem of patient. The medicinal block or the selected template contains the list of names of medicines. The responsibility of the physician is to fill the dosage column. He fills the dosage with respect to the age of the patient and the severity of the disease. And this prescription is the input to our system. Table 1 shows a template that contains the input for our system. By taking this input, our system generates a unique number after a simple computation. We will discuss about the simple computation in the Methodology part of this paper. The unique number, which is generated by the computer. Table-1: A Template of Doctors Prescription Cantains Medicine Name and Dosage. Sl.No
Medicine
Dosage (Mg)
Name 1
Aspirin
75
2
Ibuprofen
200
3
Naproxen
200
4
Aspirin
200
5
Naproxen
200
This is given to the patient in the prescription sheet. So, the prescription sheet contains a number that indirectly denotes the general names of the medicines along with the dosage instead of specifying the Brand names and its quantity. If the patient approaches the Pharmacist in the medical shop, he can do another simple computation to get back the original prescription (i. e) the names of the medicines and the dosages (mg). In the Pharmacists computer, he will get the medicine name with the prescribed dosage along a list of brand names of particular medicine depend upon the availability of medicine in his shop. From the displayed list he can even give the choice for the patient to choose their medicine from the available stock in the medical shop. Some situations, people can also compare the medicines with respect to some other factors like Cost, Imported medicine or inland made, etc., Likewise, the patient is also aware of the medicine and dosage given to them by the doctor and they can observe the behavior of various medicines. One more important fact here is, we can exclude the advertised cost of a medicine. It will
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Chandra Segar Thirumalai*et al. /International Journal of Pharmacy & Technology definitely reflect in the cost of medicines that really save the lives of many people. Figure 1 will give a general idea about our system. II. Our Methodology an Outline For the Purpose of getting the list of various medicines from Pharmacists computer, we have a Technology that will help us to retrieve the medicines by giving the template number as an input. It will show the General Name of the medicine and the dosage in milligram (mg). The enhancement of our proposed technology is not only just doing the searching task, but it has lots of stuffs working behind, like cross checking the composition of the Medicine from the Databases and It displays the medicines in a Random order without giving any preference to the Branded Items, just to bring equality. A. Algorithms used in our System: The Proposed technology is a mixture of Graceful Code Cryptosystem and Linear RSA. Both are the types of Public Key Cryptosystem. In short, Public Key cryptosystem is a system that helps the sender, in sending the message secretly, to the receiver by changing the form of the message, using public key. This process is termed as Encryption.
Figure 1: Our Proposed System for prescribing a Medicine to the patients by the Physicians. and allows the receiver to get the message in the original form using the key called private key. This process is called as Decryption. The Public and Private Keys are nothing but, the outcomes of some logical and mathematical calculations. Some of the frequently used Public key cryptosystems are RSA, Elliptic Curve Cryptography, Linear RSA, Graceful code
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Chandra Segar Thirumalai*et al. /International Journal of Pharmacy & Technology Cryptosystem. At the initial stage, we use Grace Code Cryptography. The GCC concept is used to find the factorial quotients value of length as n = 8 and for the actual data input value as N = 23456 the highest factorial value as 7! divisible with N , 4 times and the remaining N value is computed likewise up to N goes with null. Table 2 can give some basic idea of it. In general, the GC of N is expressed as = q0(n-8)! + q1(n-7)! + q2(n-6)! + q3(n-5)! + q4(n-4)! + q5(n-3)! + q6(n-2)! + q7(n-1)! Where N=23456, n=8, k=1 to 8, i=0 to 7 Calculating the lower and upper bounds of N with length n: Nmin = 0*0! + 0*1! + 0*2! + 0*3! + 0*4! + 0*5! + 0*6! + 0*7! = 0 Nmax = 0*0! + 1*1! + 2*2! + 3*3! + 4*4! + 5*5! + 6*6! + 7*7! = 40319 i.e, N is less than or equal to 40319 and greater than or equal to 0. B. GCC Algorithm: 1. Generate the factorial up to N not equal to zero. 2. Take a constraint N. 3. Divide the taken constraint by the factorial of n and find the quotient and again divide remainder by the factorial from (n-1) continue the process till the remainder is divided by the factorial of (n-n i.e. 0). 4. The value of quotient should not be greater than the number by which (numbers factorial) we divide the constraint. Another algorithm we used in our proposed system is Linear RSA. Table-II: GC Date Value. Number
Factorial(n-k) Quotient(qi)
0
1
0
1
1
0
2
2
1
3
6
1
4
24
2
5
120
3
6
720
4
7
5040
4
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Chandra Segar Thirumalai*et al. /International Journal of Pharmacy & Technology C. Linear RSA: 1. Select three positive integers (a, b ,P) such that P = prime and P < a * b ; 2. Define: M = ab – P ; e = P2M + a ; d = PM + b ; 3. Compute: ed – P (i.e.), ed – P = M (P3M2 + aP + bP2 + 1); 4. Define: n = (ed – P)/M (i.e.), n = P3M2 + aP + bP2 + 1; 5. There is a unique Q such that P * Q = 1(mod n) P x n [By construction P does not divide n] i.e., G.C.D(P, n)=1 Thus the linear public key KU = n, d and private key KR = Qe III. Description of our Proposed System: We have a collection of a data in a table which consists of a Number, Medicine and Dosage in mg. We have designed a backend logic that helps to assign a number to a template of a medicine block (set of medicines) along with dosage. The unique number is assigned with respect to the prescribed dosage (mg) as shown in the Table 3. Table-III: Factorial Values of the Prescribed MG of Medicine. Factorial 75 X5!
Values 9000
200 X 6!
144,000
250 X 7!
1,260,000
300 X 8!
12,096,000
375 X 9!
136,080,000
Total
149,589,000
The table is sorted with respect to the dosage in ascending order. Let us discuss the algorithm along with an example to understand the concepts clearly. The factorial number we have chosen as 5. Because the factorial values of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 are less than 75 (initial mg value). The value of 5! is 120 which is greater than 75. (4! can be used to find the template number. So, that we can have 24 different templates.) Now the total value is assigned to a variable m (message). We are using some variable to do intermediate calculations. The variables, calculations and values are presented in a Table 4 to improve understandability.
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Chandra Segar Thirumalai*et al. /International Journal of Pharmacy & Technology Table-IV: Proposed System Values Variable m a b P M e d n (m*d)=Doctor Template Original value m,
Constraint Values Factorial total 149,589,000 Any prime number 59 Any prime number 61 P
