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Frequency
Diarrhea
3 (8.6%)
Myalgia/Body pains/Backache
3 (8.6%)
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2 (5.7%) 2 (5.7%)
Loss of appetite
Insomnia
1 (2.9%)
Abdominal distension
1 (2.9%)
Irrational talk
1 (2.9%)
Body weakness
1 (2.9%)
References
• Kerne´is S, et al. (2009). Prevalence and Risk Factors of Lassa Seropositivity in Inhabitants of the Forest Region of Guinea: A CrossSectional Study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 3(11): e548. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000548 • http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/spb/ mnpages/dispages/lassaf.htm
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1 (2.9%)
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Nausea
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1 (2.9%)
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Neck pain
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2 (5.7%)
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5 (14.3%)
Chest pains
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6 (17.1%)
Neck/facial swelling
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7 (20%)
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Presenting features
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9 (25.7%)
Abdominal pains
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• Federal Ministry of Health, Nigeria • Taraba State Ministry of Health, Nigeria • Federal Medical Center Jalingo,Taraba State • Nigeria FELTP • CDC Nigeria/CDC Atlanta • WHO, Taraba State • BEP/CRDF
10 (28.6%)
Headache Vomitting
Acknowledgement
30 (85.7%)
Bleeding (from orifices or into skin)
40
at iv
Number of cases
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Figure VII: Distribution of cases by presenting features
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•Incomplete records in some of the health facilities visited
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2(5.7%)
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Civil servant
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2(5.7%)
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Business/trading
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3(8.6%)
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Farmer/cattle rearer
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4(11.4%)
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6(17.1%)
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8(22.9%)
Student
Recommendations
•The State should reactivate its moribund Emergency Management Committee •Surveillance of LF should be strengthened •Public/HCWs sensitization activities should be scaled up and •Records keeping should be improved
8(22.9%)
Healthcare workers
Fever
de
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•Community sensitization on LF •Sensitization of HCWs in Taraba State on LF
Figure VI: Distribution of cases by occupation
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•There was a confirmed outbreak of LF in Taraba State mostly affecting HCWs •Majority of the cases belonged to the age group 25-34 years •The predominant presenting features were fever, cough, bleeding and headache
Age group (years)
Pupil
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Conclusion
ed
U
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Public Health Actions
Others (Under care, NYSC, Applicant)
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20
House wife
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Figure V: Age distribution of cases
Contact: Kabiru Ibrahim Getso, Nigeria FELTP, Email:
[email protected]
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Figure III: Investigators reviewing records in one of the health facilities visited
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Figure VIII: Distribution of cases by week of onset of symptoms (Epidemic curve)
30
5
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Figure II: Map of Nigeria showing Taraba State (yellow) and map of Taraba State highlighting Jalingo LGA (red)
6
Epidemiologic weeks (2011-2012)
35
15
•No. of LGA’s affected: 6 •Total number of cases: 35 •Laboratory-confirmed cases: 9 (25.7%) •Total number of deaths: 14 (including 1 Doctor) •Case fatality rate: 40% •Majority of the cases belonged to the age group 25-34 years (40%) with females constituting 51% • Most cases (22.9%) were Health Care Workers (HCWs): 2 Doctors, 5 Nurses and 1 hospital security •The commonest presenting features were fever (85.7%), Cough (28.6%), bleeding from orifices or into skin (25.7%) and headache (20%) •State’s Epidemic Management Committee was non functional resulting in uncoordinated response to the outbreak •There were many exposure factors to LF such as over crowding, drying of food items along high ways and bush burning •There was low index of suspicion of LF among HCWs
7
2
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10
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•We reviewed hospital records •IDSR standard case definition for LF was used to identify and line-list cases
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•To confirm the outbreak •To determine extent of the outbreak •To characterize the outbreak in terms of person, place and time • To instittute public health actions to control the outbreak
8
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Figure IV: Geographical distribution of cases
Results
Figure I: Mastomys natalensis (CDC 2002)
10
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•A suspected case was defined as “any person with severe febrile illness not responsive to the usual causes of fever in the area with or without sore throat and at least one of the following: bloody stools, vomiting blood, bleeding into skin, unexplained bleeding from the orifices’’ •A standardized line listing form was developed to capture sociodemographic and clinical information of the cases •Various exposure factors to LF including age, gender, occupation and contact history were examined, •Data were analyzed using Epi Info (version 3.5.3) and Healthmapper software
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Methods, Contd.
•Lassa fever (LF) is an acute, highly infectious viral haemorrhagic illness •It is caused by LF virus - a single stranded, RNA virus •The reservoir of the virus is Mastomys natalensis •It is endemic in West African sub region causing 300,000-500,000 infections annually, with about 500 deaths •In March 2012, we investigated a reported outbreak of LF in Jalingo Local Government Area (LGA), Taraba State, North-eastern Nigeria
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Background
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1. Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Abuja; Nigeria 2. Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja; Nigeria 3. Nigeria Center for Disease Control and prevention, Abuja; Nigeria
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Affiliations:
Methods
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Kabiru I Muhammad S Saheed O Simeon Ajisegiri1, Patrick M Nguku1, Abdulsalam Nasidi3, Akin Oyemakinde2,
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Lassa Fever Outbreak involving Health Care Workers in Taraba State, Nigeria; March 2012
16th ICID: April 2-5, 2014; Cape Town, South Africa. Poster no.: 51.003
