punjab sindhuri and punjab tej: new varieties of chilli

J Res Punjab agric Univ 50 (1 & 2) : 79-81, March & June 2013

PUNJAB SINDHURI AND PUNJAB TEJ: NEW VARIETIES OF CHILLI M S Dhaliwal, S K Jindal and D S Cheema Department of Vegetable Science Panjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana

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HILLI is an important commercial crop of India and occupies a sizeable area in Punjab. Recently, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana has recommended two new varieties of chilli namely Punjab Sindhuri and Punjab Tej for commercial cultivation in Punjab. The salient features of the two varieties are as below;

fruits) is possible 75 days after transplanting. Fruits are long (6.80 cm), thin skinned, light green when immature and deep red when mature. Fruits are highly pungent (1.32% capsaicin content) and rich in vitamin C (115 mg/100g). Average yield of red ripe fruits is 140 q/ ha. It is suitable for processing/ powder making.

Punjab Sindhuri: Plants are dark green, compact and medium tall. It is an early maturing variety and first picking (red fruits) is possible 75 days after transplanting. Fruits are long (7.14 cm), thick skinned, dark green when immature and deep red when mature. Fruits are pungent (1% capsaicin content) and rich in vitamin C (155 mg/100g). Average yield of red ripe fruits is 190 q/ ha. It is suitable for fresh market and distant transportation.

Yield performance of new varieties: Yield performance of the new and the check variety is given in Table 1. Punjab Sindhuri recorded average yield of 190 q/ ha which was 206% higher than Punjab Surkh (62 q/ ha) whereas Punjab Tej yielded 140 q / ha which was 124 % higher than the check Punjab Surkh. In multilocation trials, Punjab Sindhuri and Punjab Tej yielded 176 q/ha and 169 q/ha, respectively which were 94.44% and 85.94 % higher than the check Punjab Surkh (91 q/ha). In adaptive trials conducted over 20 locations, Punjab Sindhuri yielded 165 q/ha and Punjab

Punjab Tej: Plants are light green, spreading and medium tall. It is an early maturing variety and first picking (red

Table 1. Performance of chilli varieties Punjab Tej and Punjab Sindhuri for total yield in local research trials Varieties

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

Mean

Punjab Tej Punjab Sindhuri Punjab Surkh (C) CD at P=0.05

136.28 164.72 56.88 10.96

135.68 154.02 63.69 19.26

144.57 221.00 60.44 43.55

142.20 223.67 68.14 45.33

139.68 190.85 62.29 -

Punjab Tej

Punjab Sindhuri 79

Table 2. Performance of chilli varieties Punjab Tej and Punjab Sindhuri for important fruit and plant characteristics Varieties


Fruit weight (g) PAU Ludhiana 2008-09

2010-11

2011-12

Mean

5.33 6.09 3.33 0.50

4.87 5.03 2.12 0.82

4.17 5.20 2.67 0.50

4.79 5.44 2.71 -

Varieties

Fruit length (cm) PAU Ludhiana


2008-09

2010-11

2011-12

Mean

RRS Gurdaspur 2010-11

RRS Bathinda 2010-11

Mean)

8.64 9.73 5.12 0.82

7.75 7.97 4.13 1.15

7.53 6.93 4.43 0.19

7.97 8.21 4.56 -

5.50 7.00 5.33 0.95

6.93 6.20 3.00 1.3

6.80 7.14 4.30 -


Mean

09.9 12.7 11.1 1.1

10.40 11.82 10.86 Mean

55.40 66.87 74.38 -

Fruit diameter (mm)




Varieties


PAU Ludhiana 2008-09

2010-11

2011-12

Mean

RRS Gurdaspur 2010-11

11.6 13.8 10.6 1.0

09.9 12.8 11.2 1.4

10.34 13.81 10.84 1.68

10.61 13.47 10.88 -

10.7 09.3 10.6 1.2

Varieties

Plant height (cm) PAU Ludhiana


2008-09

2010-11

2011-12

Mean


-

52.50 66.20 77.50 13.1

63.30 66.67 82.00 4.22

57.90 66.44 79.75 -

52.90 67.30 69.00 9.70

Varieties


2008-09

Pericarp thickness (mm) PAU Ludhiana 2010-11

2011-12

Mean

-

0.86 1.38 0.86 0.22

0.89 1.21 1.02 NS

0.88 1.30 0.94 -

2008-09

Number of seeds/ fruit PAU Ludhiana 2010-11

2011-12

Mean

-

37.8 44.3 33.9 NS

33.80 31.83 41.33 8.53

35.80 38.07 37.62 -

2008-09

Seed yield (g) 10 fruits PAU Ludhiana 2010-11

2011-12

Mean

-

2.28 2.26 2.27 1.27

1.34 1.12 1.93 0.19

1.81 1.69 2.10 -

Varieties

Punjab Tej Punjab Sindhuri Punjab Surkh (C) CD at P=0.05 Varieties


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check was statistically at par (Table 2).

Tej 144 q / ha which was 94 % and 71 % higher than the check Punjab Surkh (85 q/ha).

Quality traits: Punjab Sindhuri, Punjab Tej and Punjab Surkh (C) recorded dry matter content of 20%, 22% and 19%, respectively (Table 3). Vitamin C content on 100g fresh fruit basis was found to be 155mg in Punjab Sindhuri, 115mg in Punjab Tej and 182mg in Punjab Surkh. On the basis of capsaicin content in red fruits, Punjab Sindhuri was regarded as pungent (1.0% capsaicin content), Punjab Tej as highly pungent (1.3% capsaicin content) and Punjab Surkh as moderately pungent (0.7% capsaicin content).

Fruit traits: Average fresh fruit weight (Table 2) of fresh chilli fruit of Punjab Sindhuri and Punjab Tej was 5.44g and 4.79g, respectively which were 205% and 77% higher than the check Punjab Surkh (2.71g). Average fruit length of Punjab Sindhuri and Punjab Tej was 7.14cm and 6.80cm respectively which were 105% and 58% more than that of Punjab Surkh (4.30cm). It was further observed that fruit diameter of Punjab Sindhuri (11.82mm) was 39 % more than that of Punjab Surkh (10.86mm) while Punjab Tej (10.40 mm) recorded 4% lesser fruit diameter than Punjab Surkh. Pericarp of Punjab Sindhuri (1.30mm) was significantly thicker than that of the check variety Punjab Surkh whereas

Reaction against insect-pests and diseases: Upon screening under natural and artificial inoculation conditions, the new




Table 3. Evaluation of chilli varieties for various biochemical constituents* Genotype

Dry matter (%)

Vitamin C (mg/ 100g) Green fruit Red fruit

Capsaicin (%)

Colouring matter (ASTA)

Punjab Tej Punjab Sindhuri Punjab Surkh (C)

21.91 19.64 19.01

68.83 69.11 91.25

1.32 1.00 0.72

170.30 86.10 194.45

Artificial conditions

Natural conditions

114.42 156.75 182.80

* average of 2010-11 and 2011-12 Table 4. Reaction of Punjab Tej and Punjab Sindhuri to diseases and insect-pests Varieties

Punjab Tej Punjab Sindhuri Punjab Surkh (C) Varieties Punjab Tej Punjab Sindhuri Punjab Surkh (C) Varieties Punjab Tej Punjab Sindhuri Punjab Surkh (C)

Natural conditions


Leaf curf virus* Percent incidence 43.30 70.00 38.30 50.00 64.80 100.00 Die-back (Mean PDI)*** 2.50 10.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Thrip rating** 3.5 2 3.0 2 4.0 2

Natural conditions

Disease severity** 3 3 3 3 4 4 Root gall index* 1.9 3.2 2.3 3.3 2.5 2.8 Yellow mite rating** 4.3 1 3.9 1 4.4 2

* Mean of 2010-11 and 2011-12 ** 0-5 scale *** 2011-12 season


Reaction to virus MR MR MR MR MS MS

varieties Punjab Sindhuri and Punjab Tej were found to be moderately resistant to leaf curl virus, die-back and root knot nematodes; and tolerant to aphids, thrips and yellow mites. Punjab Surkh (check) was regarded as moderately susceptible to these diseases, nematodes and insects (Table 4).

there were non-significant differences between pericap thickness of Punjab Tej (0.88mm) and Punjab Surkh. Tej (0.94mm). The seed content of the new varieties and the

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