Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering Volume 472
Board of Series editors Leopoldo Angrisani, Napoli, Italy Marco Arteaga, Coyoacán, México Samarjit Chakraborty, München, Germany Jiming Chen, Hangzhou, P.R. China Tan Kay Chen, Singapore, Singapore Rüdiger Dillmann, Karlsruhe, Germany Haibin Duan, Beijing, China Gianluigi Ferrari, Parma, Italy Manuel Ferre, Madrid, Spain Sandra Hirche, München, Germany Faryar Jabbari, Irvine, USA Janusz Kacprzyk, Warsaw, Poland Alaa Khamis, New Cairo City, Egypt Torsten Kroeger, Stanford, USA Tan Cher Ming, Singapore, Singapore Wolfgang Minker, Ulm, Germany Pradeep Misra, Dayton, USA Sebastian Möller, Berlin, Germany Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay, Palmerston, New Zealand Cun-Zheng Ning, Tempe, USA Toyoaki Nishida, Sakyo-ku, Japan Bijaya Ketan Panigrahi, New Delhi, India Federica Pascucci, Roma, Italy Tariq Samad, Minneapolis, USA Gan Woon Seng, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore Germano Veiga, Porto, Portugal Haitao Wu, Beijing, China Junjie James Zhang, Charlotte, USA
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Vijay Janyani ⋅ Manish Tiwari Ghanshyam Singh ⋅ Paolo Minzioni Editors
Optical and Wireless Technologies Proceedings of OWT 2017
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Editors Vijay Janyani Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Jaipur, Rajasthan India
Ghanshyam Singh Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Jaipur, Rajasthan India
Manish Tiwari Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Manipal University Jaipur Jaipur, Rajasthan India
Paolo Minzioni Department of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering University of Pavia Pavia Italy
ISSN 1876-1100 ISSN 1876-1119 (electronic) Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering ISBN 978-981-10-7394-6 ISBN 978-981-10-7395-3 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7395-3 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017958733 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018, corrected publication 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. part of Springer Nature The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
Preface
Optical and wireless technologies are advancing at an accelerating rate recently. The traditional approaches to providing high data rates to the masses are transforming and expanding in a way that is beyond our imagination. The challenges in providing uninterrupted data and broadband communications have not changed. Our mission as a technical community is to understand these challenges and find ways to mitigate them. This includes the development and management of appropriate channels, novel devices, new protocols, efficient networks, and their integration. Keeping in view the amalgamation of these issues, the proceedings of First International Conference on Optical and Wireless Technologies (OWT 2017) is being presented herewith. The conference (OWT 2017) was held in the campus of Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur during July 1–2, 2017. A total of 175 participants including the invited speakers, contributing authors, and attendees participated in this conference. The participants were explored to a broad range of topics critical to our society and industry in the related areas. The conference provided an opportunity to exchange ideas among global leaders and experts from academia and industry on topics such as optical materials, optical signal processing and networking, photonic communication systems and networks, all-optical systems, microwave photonics, optical devices for optical communications, nonlinear optics, nanophotonics, software-defined and cognitive radio, signal processing for wireless communications, antenna systems, spectrum management and regulatory issues, vehicular communications, wireless sensor networks, machine-to-machine communications, cellular-Wi-fi integration. Apart from a high-quality contributed paper presented by delegates from all over the country and abroad, the conference participants also witnessed informative demonstrations and technical sessions from the industry as well as invited talks from renowned experts aimed at advances in these areas. Overall response to the conference was quite encouraging. A large number of papers were received. After a rigorous editorial and review process, 80 papers were invited for presentation during the conference. Among the presented papers, 77 papers were selected for inclusion in the conference proceedings. We are confident that the papers presented v
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in this proceedings shall provide a platform for young as well as experienced professionals to generate new ideas and networking opportunities. The editorial team members would like to extend gratitude and sincere thanks to all the contributed authors, reviewers, panelists, local organizing committee members, and the session chairs for paying attention to the quality of the publication. We are thankful to our sponsors for generously supporting this event and institutional partner (Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur) for providing all the necessary support, encouragement, and infrastructure in this beautiful campus. Finally, we pay the highest regard to the Irisworld Science & Technology Education and Research (IRISWORLD), a “Not-for-Profit” society from Jaipur, for extending their support for financial management of the OWT 2017.
Jaipur, India Jaipur, India Jaipur, India Pavia, Italy
Best wishes from Dr. Vijay Janyani Prof. Manish Tiwari Dr. Ghanshyam Singh Dr. Paolo Minzioni
Acknowledgements
The editors wish to extend their heartfelt acknowledgment to all contributing authors, esteemed reviewers for their timely response, members of various organizing committee, and production staff whose diligent work put shape to the OWT 2017 proceedings. We especially thank our dedicated reviewers for their volunteering efforts to check the manuscript thoroughly to maintain the technical quality and for their useful suggestions. We also pay our best regards to the faculty members from institutional partners (Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur and Manipal University Jaipur) for extending their enormous assistance during the conference-related assignments, especially to Mr. Dinesh Kumar Yadav and Mr. Lokesh Kumar from Manipal University Jaipur; Sanjeev Yadav, Ashok Kumar, and Jitendra Deegwal from Government Engineering College Ajmer; Mr. Nidhish Tiwari from JNIT Jaipur; Mr. Ramesh Dewanda, Executive Member, Irisworld Society Jaipur; and Sh. Narendra Godara from Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur. We also acknowledge the financial support received from our esteemed sponsors such as Viavi; Agmatel; JV Micronics; Keysight Technologies; SriDutt Technologies Private Limited, Bangalore; Photon Design; Rohde & Schwarz India Pvt. Ltd.; Fiber Optic Services; Eigen Technologies; IETE Rajasthan Centre Jaipur; ni logic Pvt. Ltd., Pune; and OSA student chapter of Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur. Finally, we extend our sincere thanks to Springer for agreeing to be our publishing partner. Specially, the efforts made by Swati Meherishi, Executive Editor, and Aparajita Singh, Senior Editorial Assistant, from the Applied Sciences and Engineering group at Springer, are highly appreciated. Dr. Vijay Janyani Prof. Manish Tiwari Dr. Ghanshyam Singh Dr. Paolo Minzioni
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Organizing Committee
Chief Patron Prof. Udaykumar R. Yaragatti, Director, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur
Patrons Prof. Deepak Bhatnagar, Director, CCT, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur Mr. B. Singh, Director, ETDC Jaipur
General Chairs Dr. Vijay Janyani, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Dr. Ghanshyam Singh, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Dr. Manish Tiwari, Manipal University Jaipur
Conveners Mr. Dinesh Yadav, Manipal University Jaipur Dr. Jitendra Deegwal, Government Engineering College Ajmer
Organizing Secretaries Mr. Nidhish Tiwari, JNIT Jaipur Dr. Vipin Pal, Manipal University Jaipur
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IETE Oversight Committee Dr. M. M. Sharma, FIETE Prof. S. K. Bhatnagar, FIETE Mr. K. M. Bajaj, FIETE
Sponsorship Committee Dr. Lokesh Tharani, RTU Kota Dr. Sanjeev Jain, EC Bikaner Mr. Sanjeev Yadav, Government Women Engineering College Ajmer Mr. Ashok Kumar, Government Women Engineering College Ajmer Mr. Narendra Kr. Godara, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Mr. Chetan Selwal, Government Women Engineering College Ajmer
Registration Committee Dr. Narendra Kumar Yadav, JECRC University, Jaipur Dr. Arun Dev D. Dwivedi, Poornima University, Jaipur Dr. Jankiballabh Sharma, RTU Kota Mr. Sandeep Vyas, VIT Jaipur Mr. Upendra Choudhary, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Ms. Kanchan Sengar, JECRC University, Jaipur
Publication Committee Dr. Ravi Kumar Maddila, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Dr. Seema Varma, Banasthali University, Tonk Dr. Dhirendra Mathur, RTU Kota Dr. Rekha Mehra, Government Engineering College Ajmer Mr. Lokesh Sharma, Manipal University Jaipur Ms. Dimple Bansal, SGVU Jaipur
Hospitality Committee Dr. Vivekanand Tiwari, Manipal University Jaipur Dr. Ashok Sirohi, RCEW Jaipur Mr. K. R. Yadav, Khaitan Polytechnic College, Jaipur Mr. Mukesh Kumar Gupta, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Mr. Sourabh Sahu, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Mr. Saurabh Maheshwari, Government Women Engineering College Ajmer
Organizing Committee
International Advisory Committee Prof. Hiroyuki Tsuda, Keio University, Japan Prof. Ali Gharsallah, University of Tunis E. M., Tunisia Prof. Buryy Oleh Anatolievyach, LPNU, Ukraine Prof. Ajoy Kar, HW University, Edinburgh, UK Dr. Suchandan Pal, CEERI, Pilani, India Prof. Kolin Poul, IIT Delhi, India Prof. Konstantin Kozadaev, BSU, Minsk, Belarus Dr. Lotfi Osman, University of Carthage, Tunisia Prof. Mário F. S. Ferreira, University of Aveiro, Portugal Dr. Miklos Veres, HAS, Budapest, Hungary Prof. Sergii Ubizskii, LPNU, Ukraine Prof. Yuri Shpolyanskiy, University of Saint Petersburg, Russia
Technical Program Committee Dr. Akshay Kr. Rathore, Concordia University, Canada Prof. Takasumi Tanabe, Keio University, Japan Prof. Toshiharu Saiki, Keio University, Japan Dr. Bishnu Prasad Gautam, WAKHOK, Japan Dr. Reza Abdi-Ghaleh, University of Bonab, Iran Dr. Kalpana Dhaka, IIT Guwahati, India Dr. Upena D. Dalal, SVNIT, Surat Prof. Rajeev Gupta, RTU Kota Prof. Mithiliesh Kumar, RTU Kota Dr. Manish Mathew, CEERI, Pilani, India Dr. Preetam Kumar, IIT Patna Dr. C. Periasamy, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Dr. Seema Verma, Banasthali University, Tonk Dr. Sanjeev Kumar Metya, NIT, Arunachal Pradesh Dr. Narendra Kumar Yadav, JECRC University, Jaipur Dr. Bramha P. Pandey, GLA University, Mathura Dr. Sanyog Rawat, Manipal University, Jaipur Dr. Lokesh Tharani, RTU Kota Dr. Girish Parmar, RTU Kota Dr. Anil Yadav, Amity University Gurgaon Dr. Dinesh Goyal, SGVU Jaipur Dr. Ashok Sirohi, RCEW Jaipur
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Our Reviewers
Mr. Surendra Agarwal, NIT Kurukshetra, email:
[email protected] Dr. Mushtaq Ahmed, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, India, email:
[email protected] Dr. Parvez Alvi, Banasthali University, email:
[email protected] Dr. Mohd. Samar Ansari, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Ashwini Arya, KAIST, Republic of Korea, email:
[email protected] Mr. Ramesh Battula, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Sanjay Dabhole, Sant Gajanan Maharaj Rural Polytechnic, email:
[email protected] Dr. Upena Dalal, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, email:
[email protected] Dr. Jitendra Deegwal, Government Engineering College Ajmer, Rajasthan, email:
[email protected] Dr. Kalpana Dhaka, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, email:
[email protected] Dr. Tarun Dubey, Manipal University Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Umesh Dwivedi, Amity University Rajasthan, email:
[email protected] Mr. Kuldeep Goswami, Government Women Engineering College Ajmer, email:
[email protected] Dr. Dinesh Goyal, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, email:
[email protected] Mr. Mukesh Gupta, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Nikhil Deep Gupta, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Tawfik Ismail, NILES, Cairo University, email: tawfi
[email protected] Dr. Shruti Jain, JUIT, Waknaghat, email:
[email protected] Dr. Nagesh Janrao, Technical Education, email:
[email protected] Dr. Alok Joshi, JIIT, Noida, email:
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Our Reviewers
Dr. Amit Joshi, Malviya National Institute of Technology, email:
[email protected] Dr. Rajesh Khanna, Thapar University, email:
[email protected] Dr. Vijaya kumar Krishnasamy, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Arjun Kumar, Intel, email:
[email protected] Mr. Ashok Kumar, Government Women Engineering College Ajmer, India, email:
[email protected] Dr. Preetam Kumar, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, email:
[email protected] Dr. Ravi Kumar Maddila, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Mr. Saurabh Maheshwari, Government Women Engineering College Ajmer, email:
[email protected] Dr. Manish Mathew, CEERI, Pilani, email:
[email protected] Ms. Monika Mathur, Rajasthan Technical University, email:
[email protected] Mr. Sudarshan Maurya, Government Mahila Engineering College, email:
[email protected] Dr. Arka Prokash Mazumdar, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Rekha Mehra, Government Engineering College Ajmer, email:
[email protected] Dr. Sanjeev Metya, National Institute of Technology Arunachal Pradesh, email:
[email protected] Dr. Satyasai Nanda, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Prof. Lotfi Osman, Higher School of Communication of Tunis, University of Carthage, email: lotfi
[email protected] Dr. Vipin Pal, Manipal University Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Trilochan Panigrahi, National Institute of Technology Goa, email:
[email protected] Dr. Girish Parmar, Rajasthan Technical University, email:
[email protected] Dr. C. Periasamy, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Emmanuel Pilli, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Mr. Pravin Prajapati, Gujarat Technological University, email:
[email protected] Dr. Sanyog Rawat, Manipal University, email:
[email protected] Prof. Kanad Ray, Amity University Rajasthan, email:
[email protected] Dr. Chitrakant Sahu, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Preeta Sharan, The Oxford College of Engineering, Bangalore, email:
[email protected]
Our Reviewers
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Dr. Jankiballabh Sharma, Rajasthan Technical University, email:
[email protected] Ms. Neeru Sharma, Jaypee University of Information Technology, email:
[email protected] Dr. Ritu Sharma, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Sumit Srivastava, Manipal University Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Fazal Talukdar, National Institute of Technology Silchar, email:
[email protected] Dr. MeenakshiTripathi, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Yogesh Trivedi, Nirma University, email:
[email protected] Prof. Hiroyuki Tsuda, Keio University, email:
[email protected] Prof. Manisha Upadhyay, Nirma University, email:
[email protected] Dr. Karan Verma, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, email:
[email protected] Dr. Pankaj Verma, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, email:
[email protected] Mr. Santosh Vipparthi, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Rajesh Vishwakarma, JUET Noida, email:
[email protected] Dr. Sandeep Vyas, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Mr. Dinesh Yadav, Manipal University Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Narendra Yadav, JECRC University, email:
[email protected] Mr. Sanjeev Yadav, Government Women Engineering College Ajmer, email:
[email protected] Dr. Rajveer Yaduvanshi, AIACTR, email:
[email protected] Dr. Vijay Janyani, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Ghanshyam Singh, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, email:
[email protected] Dr. Manish Tiwari, Manipal University Jaipur, email:
[email protected]
Contents
Analysis of OFDM-MIMO with BPSK Modulation and Different Antenna Configurations Using Alamouti STBC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sanjay Deshmukh and Udhav Bhosle
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Performance Analysis of Atmospheric Conditions Over Terrestrial Free-Space Optical Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vaishali and Sandeep Sancheti
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Design and Analysis of Spiral Photonic Crystal Fiber for Ultra-Flattened Dispersion for C+L+U . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Julie Devi, Amritveer Kaur, Ritu Sharma, Varshali Sharma and Santosh Chaudhary A New Technique to Construct Zero Cross-Correlation Code for SAC-OCDMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Soma Kumawat and Ravi Kumar Maddila Design of Octagonal and Decagonal Lattice Photonic Crystal Fiber for Achieving Ultra Low Flattened Dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amritveer Kaur, Julie Devi, Ritu Sharma, Varshali Sharma and Santosh Chaudhary
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Transmission Properties of Lower Refractive Index Liquid Filled Hexagon Solid Core PCF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shalini, Shahiruddin, Dharmendra Kumar Singh and M. A. Hassan
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Design and Analysis of Rhombus-Shaped Dual-Core Propylene Glycol Filled PCF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Neha Kumari, Shahiruddin, Dharmendra Kumar Singh and M. A. Hassan
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High-sensitive Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor for Different Temperature Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sanjeev Kumar Raghuwanshi, Manish Kumar and Alisha Priya
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A Classification of Emotion and Gender Using Local Biorthogonal Binary Pattern from Detailed Wavelet Coefficient Face Image . . . . . . . . Kamaljeet Singh Kalsi and Preeti Rai
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Performance of Digital Communication System Over OWDP Fading Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Suparna Goswami and A. Dinamani Singh
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Magneto-Optical Tuning of Refractive Index for Bidispersed Ferrofluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Keyur G. Khatsuriya Mach–Zehnder Interferometer-Based 3-Bit All-Optical Sequence Detector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Rakesh Ranjan, Abhishek Ranjan and Dharmendra Kumar Singh Improving Dynamic Range of RoF System Using Dual-Drive Mach-Zehnder Modulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Joseph Zacharias, V. Civin and Vijayakumar Narayanan Positioning LED Panel for Uniform Illuminance in Indoor VLC System Using Whale Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Ishwar Ram Kumawat, Satyasai Jagannath Nanda and Ravi Kumar Maddila A Novel Method for Distortion Suppression in Radio over Fiber Communication Systems Using FBG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 Anu Wilson, R. Pradeep and N. Vijayakumar Digitized RoF Technique for Multiservice Fiber-Radio Systems . . . . . . . 149 I. V. Reshma, R. Pradeep and N. Vijayakumar Study of Microstructure and Microhole Fabrication on PDMS by Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing Technique for Development of Miniaturized Photonic Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 Sanyogita, Amar Ghar, Utpal Das and P. K. Panigrahi First-Principle Calculations of Optical Properties of LiInTe2 at Different Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 S. Chandra and V. Kumar A Top-Down Approach for Fabrication of Nanorods on GaN-Based LEDs Using Self-Assembled Ni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Alka Jakhar, Manish Mathew, Ashok Chauhan, Kuldip Singh, Vijay Janyani and Nikhil Deep Gupta MgO Doped Lithium Niobate Waveguides Based All Optical Modulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 Sanjay Kumar, Ghanshyam Singh, Vijay Janyani, Oleh Buryy, Ubizskii Serhij, Sugak Dmytro and Manish Tiwari
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Optimized 2 × 1 Multiplexer Based on Reversible Logic Using Titanium-indiffused Lithium Niobate Channel Waveguides . . . . . . . . . . 183 Harsh Kumar, Sanjeev Jain, Manish Tiwari, Oleh Buryy, Ubizskii Serhij, Vijay Janyani and Ghanshyam Singh Quantum Well Width Effect on Intraband Optical Absorption in Type-II InAs/AlSb Nano-Scale Heterostructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Nisha Yadav, Garima Bhardwaj, S. G. Anjum, K. Sandhya, M. J. Siddiqui and P. A. Alvi Multi-material Photonic Crystal Fiber in MIR Region for Broadband Supercontinuum Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 Shruti Kalra, Sandeep Vyas, Manish Tiwari and Ghanshyam Singh WDM-Based Visible Light Communication System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 Anil Kumar Jangir, Baria Dipikaben Manharbhai and Ravi Kumar Maddila BER Comparison of OFDM System with the Mapping of Different Modulation Techniques Over Conventional Modulation Technique . . . . 219 Mandvi and Ashish Kumar Ghunawat Optical Investigation of Cu Diffusion Depth in LiNbO3 Crystals Under High-Temperature Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 Dmytro Sugak, Ihor Syvorotka, Oleh Buryy, Uliana Yakhnevych, Natalia Martynyuk, Serhij Ubizskii, Ghanshyam Singh, Vijay Janyani and Harsh Kumar Invisible Image Watermarking by DWT-HUFFMAN-EZW Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 Vipra Bohara and Sandeep Toshniwal Nanocavity-Coupled Waveguide Photonic Crystal Biosensor for Detection of Hemoglobin Concentration in Blood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 Shivani Ameta, Arvind Sharma and Pawan Kumar Inaniya Survey on FSO Communication System—Limitations and Enhancement Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 Essar Farooq, Anupam Sahu and Sachin Kumar Gupta Optical Properties of Photonic Crystal Fibers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 Ashish Kumar Ghunawat, Anjali Jain, Kumari Nikita, Manish Tiwari and Ghanshyam Singh Measurement of Parameters of Frequency-Locked Two-Mirror Laser Resonator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 E. R. Aarathy, Arpit Rawankar and N. S. Kumar Photonic Crystal Fiber: A Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 Priyanka Sidhar, Poonam Singal and Shefali Singla
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Slow-Light Enhanced Second Harmonic Generation in Lithium Niobate Photonic Crystal Waveguides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 Zaineb Gharsallah, Makni Sana, Monia Najjar and Vijay Janyani Design Optimization of a Highly Birefringent and Highly Nonlinear Silicon Photonic Crystal Fiber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301 Ashish Kumar Ghunawat, Ritesh Chandra, Manish Tiwari and Ghanshyam Singh Comparison of Logic Built-in-Self Test Techniques Based on FPGA in Verilog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 Ravi Gupta and Kriti Suneja Network Selection by Vertical Handoff in Heterogeneous Vehicular Network Using Fuzzy MADM-TOPSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 Sangama Bhadouria and Rakesh Roshan Investigations into Polarisations in Dielectric Resonator Antenna . . . . . 325 Ashok Kumar and Rajveer S. Yaduvanshi A Dielectric Resonator Inspired Displacement Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335 Anuj Kumar Ojha and A. V. Praveen Kumar ENL-AODV: Energy and Load-Based Routing Protocol in Ad Hoc Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 Nandanwar Chetan Damodar, Manu Elappila, Anurag Patro and Suchismita Chinara Layered Software Defined Networking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351 Sudarshan Maurya, Naveen Kumar Tiwari and S. C. Gupta Resource Allocation at MAC to Provide QoS for Cognitive Radio Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 Kalpana Naidu, Meenakshi Tripathi and Ramesh Babu Battula Performance Improvement in Inter-satellite Optical Wireless Communication to Mitigate Losses Using Diversity Technique . . . . . . . 375 Guddan Kumari and Chetan Selwal Resilient Network and Loop-Free Forwarding Using Time Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 Tunisha Varshney and Karan Verma Localization Independent Aspects of Topology Control in Wireless Sensor Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 Tarun Kumar Dubey, Rohit Mathur and Dungar Nath Chouhan Evaluation of Rate Matching of Turbo Code for 3GPP LTE System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 Mahmood F. Mosleh and Mais F. Abid
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Copy-Move Detection Using Gray Level Run Length Matrix Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411 Saba Mushtaq and Ajaz Hussain Mir A Novel Triple Band Pass Frequency Selective Surface for the Proliferation the Performance of WiMax and WLAN 2.5/3.5/5.5 GHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421 Monika Garg, Rekha Chahar and Sanjeev Yadav Compact Triple-Band Stubs-Loaded Rectangular Monopole Antenna for WiMAX/WLAN Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429 Ashok Kumar and Mahendra Mohan Sharma A Triple Band-Reject Frequency Selective Surface for Broadband Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437 Shweta Garg and Sanjeev Yadav Design of a Spiral-Shaped Slotted Multiband Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447 Sanjeev Yadav, Santosh Meena and Bhanu Priya Kumawat Highly Selective, Closely Spaced Triple-Band Frequency Selective Surface for the Intensification in the Performance of WiMax and WLAN 2.5/3.5/5.5 GHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455 Darakshanda Noor, Sandeep Kumar Yadav and Sanjeev Yadav Compressed Sensing Based Network Lifetime Enhancement in Wireless Sensor Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465 Prateek Dolas and D. Ghosh A Small Monopole W-Shaped Antenna for UWB and X-Band Applications with Band Notch for WiMAX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473 Rajesh Kumar Raj, Roopkishor Sharma, Naresh Pratap Singh Chauhan and Ashish Chaudhary Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication—A Vertical Handover Algorithm Based on Vehicle Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481 S. Meghana and P. C. Jain Design a Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna at 60 GHz for Millimeter Wave Mobile Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491 Jyoti Saini and S. K. Agarwal Study of Electromagnetic Radiation Effects on Human Body and Reduction Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497 Rupesh Acharya, Durgesh Kumar and Garima Mathur Challenges and Issues in Implementation of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507 Rubal Bansal, Saurabh Maheshwari and Payal Awwal
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Microstrip Line Geometric Variation Consequences for Linear Parameters of Microwave Amplifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515 Mahavirsingh Rajpurohit, Kishor G. Sawarkar, K. B. Pramod, Kushal Tuckley and Kumarswamy A Novel Image Steganography and Steganalysis Technique Based on Pattern Searching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531 Surya Srivastava, Prateek Thakral, Vani Bansal and Vivek Shandil DOA Estimation of Coherent Sources Using QPSO in WSN . . . . . . . . . 539 M. Shree Prasad and Trilochan Panigrahi A Silver-Coated Scheme for Detection and Prevention Against Vampire Attack in Wireless Sensor Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547 Richa Kumari and Pankaj Kumar Sharma Design of Five-Band Microstrip Antenna for Radar and Satellite Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557 Indra Bhooshan Sharma, Fateh Lal Lohar, Ravi Kumar Maddila, Abhinav Deshpande and M. M. Sharma Tri-Band Microstrip Patch Antenna for C, X, and Ku Band Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567 Indra Bhooshan Sharma, Fateh Lal Lohar, Ravi Kumar Maddila, Abhinav Deshpande and M. M. Sharma A Design of Compact Planar Active-Integrated Inverted-F Antenna (AI-PIFA) for Mobile Handsets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 575 Ashok Gundumalla, Sachin Agrawal and Manoj Singh Parihar GPS-Aided AODV Routing Protocol for MANET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585 Bhupendra M. Parmar and Kishor G. Maradia Dual-Band Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Design for RF Energy Harvesting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599 Jyoti Jain and Abha Sharma A Compact Dual-Band Frequency Selective Surface for Gain Enhancement of a Dual-Band Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 607 R. Adeline Mellita, D. S. Chandu and S. S. Karthikeyan Techniques to Detect Clickjacking Vulnerability in Web Pages . . . . . . . 615 Priya Jyotiyana and Saurabh Maheshwari Location-Based Services: Current State of The Art and Future Prospects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 625 K. Rajalakshmi and Mukta Goyal
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A Reconfigurable Microstrip Antenna with Defected Ground Structure for Radio Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 633 Harshal Nigam, Shubhi Jain and Ruchika Jain Compact Olympic Ring-Shaped Planar Antenna for K Band Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639 Ushaben Keshwala, Sanyog Rawat and Kanad Ray A Monopole Antenna with Reconfigurable Notched Characteristics from WLAN-band Notched UWB to ITU-band Notched UWB Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 647 Dinesh Yadav, Mahesh P. Abegaonkar, Shiban K. Koul, Vivekanand Tiwari and Deepak Bhatnagar Enhancing QoS for Multimedia Services Using Mobility-Aware Bandwidth Estimation Algorithm in MANETs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655 Lokesh Sharma, Chhagan Lal, Devi Prasad Sharma and Pallavi Kaliyar Magnetic Field Line-Based Node Deployment Strategy for Wireless Sensor Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667 Vipin Pal, Anju Yadav, Vinay Kanungo, Yogita and R. P. Yadav Application of Analog Electronic Circuits in Secure Communication: A Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 675 Manish Kumar Thukral, Karma Sonam Sherpa and Kumkum Garg A Comparative Investigation of Microstrip Patch Antenna Using FR-4/RT-Duroid/RO3003 Materials for Bluetooth and WLAN Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685 Pourush Bara and Dinesh Yadav Erratum to: High-sensitive Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor for Different Temperature Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sanjeev Kumar Raghuwanshi, Manish Kumar and Alisha Priya
E1
Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 697
Invited Speakers
Dr. Paolo Minzioni, University of Pavia, Italy (OSA Travelling Lecturer: On invitation by OSA Student Chapter of Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur). Profile Summary: Dr. Paolo Minzioni completed his Ph.D. degree in Electronics from University of Pavia, Italy, in 2006 and works in the Department of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia. From October to December 2016, he worked as a Visiting Professor at Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA. He is co-investigator of the European Project FABULOUS and also responsible for the University of Pavia of the European Project NISTAS (development of contactless measurement techniques for the evaluation of pulse-wave velocity in the carotid artery). He has been involved in different national research projects, including European projects ATLAS and NOBEL. He was author of different invited seminars on integrated optical devices for biomedical applications and transmission systems in Italy and abroad: CNIT, Pisa, Italy; Aston University, Birmingham, UK; UCI, Irvine, USA; UCLA, Los Angeles, USA; Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Peking University, Beijing, China; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. He has contributed more than 70 research articles to international conferences and published over 50 scientific papers in peer-reviewed journals. He is co-inventor of six international patent applications, regarding optical
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transmission systems four applications) and optical tweezers for single-particle trapping and manipulation (two applications). He is a guest editor of the special issues on “Silicon Photonics Components and Applications” published by MDPI Applied Sciences; “Cell manipulation and analysis in microfluidic chips” published by De Gruyter Optofluidics, Microfluidics and Nanofluidics; and “Roadmap Paper on Optofluidics” published by Institute of Physics, Journal of Optics. He is also the Member of the Editorial Board of Scientific Reports, Nature Publishing Group, and the Editorial Board of Applied Sciences, MDPI.
Dr. Sigang Yang, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (SPIE Visiting Lecturer: On invitation by SPIE Student Chapter of Manipal University Jaipur). Profile Summary: Dr. Sigang Yang received his Ph.D. degree in Physical Electronics from the Department of Electronics Engineering, Tsinghua University, in February 2008. He was a Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at the University of Hong Kong, from August 2008 to July 2010. He joined as faculty at Tsinghua University in August 2010. He is now an Associate Professor in the Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University. His research fields include computational electromagnetism, photonic crystal fibers, fiber nonlinearities, fiber-based optical parametric amplifications (FOPAs) and oscillators (FOPOs), and terahertz wave and frequency comb. He was the recipient of the Best Student Paper Award in 2004 Asia-Pacific Optical Communication Conference (APOC) and the SPIE Educational Scholarship in Optics & Photonics and 51st SPIE Annual Meeting, San Diego, California, in 2006. His researches, such as broadband dispersion-compensation photonic crystal fiber (PCF) and slow light based on PCF, have been featured by Photonics Spectra both in 2006 and 2008, respectively. He is also the reviewer for Optics Letters, Journal of the Optical Society of America B, Optics Express, Applied Optics, and PIER & JEMWA. He is a member of the Optical Society of America (OSA).
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Dr. Tawfik Ismail, Cairo University, Egypt. Profile Summary: Dr. Tawfik Ismail received his B.Sc. degree (with honors) from the Department of Electronics and Communication, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt, in 2001. He joined as research assistant in the Department of Engineering Application of Laser (EAL), National Institute of Laser Enhanced Science (NILES), Cairo University, in 2003. He received his M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in the Department of EAL in 2009 and 2013, respectively. He is currently an Assistant Professor in the Department of Engineering Applications of Laser, NILES, Cairo University, Egypt. His areas of research interest include optical and wireless networks, IoT, biomedical telemetry, and optoelectronics. He is currently the Co-PI of two successful research projects funded by the National Telecom Regularity Authority (NTRA) and Information Technology Industry Development Agency (ITIDA). These are collaborative projects between University of Cairo, Egypt, and University of Toronto, Canada.
Dr. Hossam A. Selmy, Cairo University, Egypt. Profile Summary: Dr. Hossam A. Selmy obtained his B.Sc. degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE) from the Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Egypt in 2001; M.Sc. degree in Optical Communication and Networking, from ECE Department, Faculty of Engineering, Egypt, in 2007; and Ph.D. degree in Optical Communication and Networking from Egypt–Japan University for Science and Technology, Egypt, in 2013. Presently, he is Assistant Professor in the Department of Engineering Applications of Laser, NILES, Cairo University, Egypt. He also worked as Research Associate Professor in the Department of Optical Communication, Egypt–Japan University for Science and Technology, Egypt. He was co-investigator (Co-PI) for a research project “Cooperative Resource Allocation for Free Space Optical Communication” funded by STDF, Egypt, during July 2014–June 2015 and presently engaged with another research project “Modeling and
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implementation of free space optical transceiver for next generation optical communication applications” under the India–Egypt Agreement on Science and Technology Cooperation as Co-PI (2016–2018). His areas of current research interest include optical communication engineering: optical modulation, optical devices, free space optical communication. Dr. Manish Mathew, CEERI, Pilani. Profile Summary: Manish Mathew received his M.Tech. degree from Shri. G.S. Institute of Technology and Science, Indore, India, in 2003 and Ph.D. degree from the University of Tokyo, Japan, in 2014. He joined as a Scientist at the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research—Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-CEERI), Pilani, India, in 2005. In 2011, he was awarded a MEXT Scholarship to pursue graduate work in Japan. Currently, he is working on the growth, characterization, and fabrication of III-nitride devices. He has 6 international patents and more than 25 publications in the field of III-N light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Dr. Debasish Pal, CEERI, Pilani. Profile Summary: Debasish Pal was born in Burdwan district of West Bengal. He did his schooling at Hindustan Cables Higher Secondary School. He joined as Junior scientist in CSIR-CEERI, Pilani, in 2005. Currently, he is working as a senior scientist in the same institute. He has completed his B.E. degree in Electronics and Communication with distinction from Bangalore University. He obtained his M.Tech. in Microwaves from the University of Burdwan with the first rank (for which he was awarded University Gold Medal) in 2005. He obtained his Ph.D. degree from IIT Roorkee in 2016 in the fields of antenna and metamaterials. Currently, he is working in the field of klystron. He is involved in the development of various klystrons which are sponsored by Bhaba Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Defence Research and Development Organization, Institute of Plasma Research, Gandhinagar. He is also involved in the development of terahertz devices. His areas of
Invited Speakers
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research interest are metamaterial antenna, photonic band gap structures, defected ground structure antenna, fractal antenna, application of biological optimizing techniques such as PSO, BFO, and ANN on antenna and microwave passive components. Dr. Ayan Kumar Bandyopadhyay, CEERI, Pilani. Profile Summary: Ayan Kumar Bandyopadhyay is currently working as Principal Scientist at the Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute, Pilani, India. He has completed his M.Sc. degree in Physics and M.Tech. degree in Microwaves from Burdwan University, Burdwan, West Bengal, in 1998 and 2001, respectively. He has obtained his Ph.D. degree with distinction from Otto-von-Guericke University, Germany, and worked as a Postdoctoral Fellow in the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), France. During his postdoctoral research, he has contributed to the design of the higher-order-mode free radio frequency-accelerating cavities of the ESRF. He was a Visiting Fellow in the Department of Electrical Engineering, Perugia, Italy, and at the Deutsche Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany. His areas of current research interest include design and development of microwave components, systems and high-power microwave tubes, especially klystrons.
Editors and Contributors
About the Editors Dr. Vijay Janyani obtained bachelor’s and master’s degrees in Electronics and Communication Engineering from Malaviya Regional Engineering College, Jaipur (now Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur), and Ph.D. degree from the George Green Institute (GGIEMR) of Nottingham, UK, under Commonwealth Scholarship Plan in 2005. He is the recipient of various awards and honors such as the Derrick Kirk Prize of University of Nottingham, Commonwealth Scholarship UK, and AICTE Career Award. He has completed various national and international government-funded major research projects funded by UKIERI, DRDO, DST, etc., in collaboration with UK, Japan, Egypt, Ukraine, etc. He has been a Visiting Faculty at AIT Bangkok and UoTEM Tunisia. His areas of current research interest include optical communication, optoelectronics and photonics, numerical modeling, nonlinear optics, RF and microwaves, optical networks, and solar energy. Dr. Manish Tiwari received his Ph.D. degree in ECE in the field of Photonics from Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur. Presently, he is Professor in the Department of ECE, Manipal University Jaipur. He has been Visiting Researcher at City University, London, under UKIERI project in Microstructured Optical Fibers during 2010 and 2011; and Tsinghua University, Beijing, during 2016. He has given talks in PolyU, Hong Kong; KMUT, Bangkok; Kasetsart University, Bangkok; City University, London; and several UKIERI workshops. He has also served on panel of experts in various workshops by CSTT, MHRD, Government of India. His areas of current research interest include micro-/nanostructure photonic devices, nonlinear optics, and photonic crystal fibers.
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Editors and Contributors Dr. Ghanshyam Singh received his bachelor’s degree in ECE from National Institute of Technology Silchar and master’s and Ph.D. degrees in ECE from Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur. He has been Visiting Scholar/Visiting Professor in the Department of Physics, Herriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK; at the Institute of Photonics, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu campus, Finland (CIMO Fellowship, Government of Finland); and in the Department of EEE, Keio University, Hiyoshi Campus, Japan. He is engaged with joint research projects with partner researchers from Keio University, Japan; University of Vienna, Austria; University of Cairo, Egypt; and LNPU, Lviv, Ukraine. His areas of current research interest include antenna engineering, micro- and nanostructured photonic devices, and networks and nonlinear characteristics of photonic crystal fibers. Dr. Paolo Minzioni completed his Ph.D. degree in Electronics from the University of Pavia, Italy, in 2006, and works in the Department of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia. From October to December 2016, he worked as a Visiting Professor at Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA. He is co-investigator of the European projects FABULOUS and NISTAS. He has been involved in different national research projects, including European projects ATLAS and NOBEL. He has contributed more than 70 research articles to international conferences and published over 50 scientific papers in peer-reviewed journals. He is co-inventor of six international patent applications.
Contributors E. R. Aarathy Department of Physics, Amrita University, Kollam, Kerala, India; Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India Mahesh P. Abegaonkar Centre for Applied Research in Electronics (CARE), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India Mais F. Abid Electrical Technical Engineering College, Baghdad, Iraq Rupesh Acharya Poornima College of Engineering, Rajasthan Technical University, Jaipur, India R. Adeline Mellita Department of Electronics Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Kancheepuram, Chennai, India S. K. Agarwal Government Women Engineering College Ajmer, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
Editors and Contributors
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Sachin Agrawal Discipline of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design & Manufacturing Jabalpur, Jabalpur, India P. A. Alvi Department of Physics, Banasthali University, Rajasthan, India Shivani Ameta Department of ECE, Government Women Engineering College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India S. G. Anjum Department of Electronics, F/o Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India Payal Awwal Computer Science, Gweca, Ajmer, India Rubal Bansal Computer Science, Gweca, Ajmer, India Vani Bansal National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India Pourush Bara Electronics and Communication Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Ramesh Babu Battula Department of CSE, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India Sangama Bhadouria Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India Garima Bhardwaj Department of Electronics, Banasthali University, Rajasthan, India Deepak Bhatnagar Microwave Lab, Department of Physics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Udhav Bhosle Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Technology, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India Vipra Bohara Electronics Communication, Kautilya Institute of Technology and Engineering, Jaipur, India Oleh Buryy Institute of Telecommunications, Radioelectronics and Electronic Engineering, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine Rekha Chahar Government Women Engineering College Ajmer, Ajmer, India Ritesh Chandra Department of ECE, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India S. Chandra Department of Electronics Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India D. S. Chandu Department of Electronics Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Kancheepuram, Chennai, India Ashish Chaudhary Government Engineering College, Ajmer, India
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Editors and Contributors
Santosh Chaudhary Department of Mathematics, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Ashok Chauhan Optoelectronic Devices Group, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Electronics and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-CEERI), Pilani, Rajasthan, India Naresh Pratap Singh Chauhan Government Engineering College, Ajmer, India Suchismita Chinara Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India Dungar Nath Chouhan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India V. Civin Department of Electronics and Communication, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Technology, Kottayam, Kerala, India Nandanwar Chetan Damodar Department of Computer Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
Science
and
Utpal Das Center for Lasers and Photonics, IIT, Kanpur, UP, India Sanjay Deshmukh Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Technology, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India; Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, India Abhinav Deshpande Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India Julie Devi Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Sugak Dmytro Institute of Telecommunications, Radioelectronics and Electronic Engineering, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine Prateek Dolas Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India Tarun Kumar Dubey Department of Electronics Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
and
Communication
Manu Elappila Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Techonology, Rourkela, India Essar Farooq Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Kakryal, Katra, Jammu & Kashmir, India Kumkum Garg Manipal University Jaipur, Dahmi Kalan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Monika Garg Government Women Engineering College Ajmer, Ajmer, India Shweta Garg Government Women Engineering College Ajmer, Ajmer, India
Editors and Contributors
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Amar Ghar Center for Lasers and Photonics, IIT, Kanpur, UP, India Zaineb Gharsallah National Engineering School of Tunis Communications Systems Laboratory (SysCom), University of Tunis El Manar, Ariana, Tunisia; Department of Electronics & Communication, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India D. Ghosh Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India Ashish Kumar Ghunawat Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India Suparna Goswami Department of ECE, NERIST, Nirjuli, Arunachal Pradesh, India Mukta Goyal Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India Ashok Gundumalla Discipline of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design & Manufacturing Jabalpur, Jabalpur, India Nikhil Deep Gupta Electronics and Communication Department, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Ravi Gupta Government Engineering College Bharatpur, Bharatpur, Rajasthan, India S. C. Gupta IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India Sachin Kumar Gupta Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Kakryal, Katra, Jammu & Kashmir, India M. A. Hassan Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Patna Campus, Patna, India Pawan Kumar Inaniya Department of ECE, Government Women Engineering College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India Anjali Jain Department of Electronics and Communication, MNIT Jaipur, JLN Marg, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Jyoti Jain Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Rajasthan College of Engineering for Women, Rajasthan, India P. C. Jain EE Department, School of Engineering, Shiv Nadar University, G. Noida, UP, India Ruchika Jain Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Jaipur, India
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Editors and Contributors
Sanjeev Jain Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Government Engineering College, Bikaner, India Shubhi Jain Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Jaipur, India Alka Jakhar Electronics and Communication Department, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Anil Kumar Jangir Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India Vijay Janyani Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India Priya Jyotiyana Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Government Women Engineering College, Ajmer, India Pallavi Kaliyar SKIT, College of Engineering, Jaipur, India Shruti Kalra Department of ECE, Jaipur Engineering College & Research Centre, Jaipur, India Kamaljeet Singh Kalsi Department of Computer Science, GGITS, Jabalpur, MP, India Vinay Kanungo SKIT, Jaipur, India S. S. Karthikeyan Department of Electronics Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Kancheepuram, Chennai, India Amritveer Kaur Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Ushaben Keshwala Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Amity School of Engineering, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India Keyur G. Khatsuriya Shantilal Shah Engineering College, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India Shiban K. Koul Centre for Applied Research in Electronics (CARE), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India Ashok Kumar USICT, GGSIPU, Dwarka, India Durgesh Kumar Poornima College of Engineering, Rajasthan Technical University, Jaipur, India Harsh Kumar Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India Manish Kumar Department of Electronics Engineering, IIT(ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India
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N. S. Kumar Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India Sanjay Kumar Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India V. Kumar Department of Electronics Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, India Guddan Kumari Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Government Women Engineering College, Ajmer, India Neha Kumari Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Patna Campus, Patna, India Richa Kumari Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Government Mahila Engineering College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India Kumarswamy RVCE, Bangalore, India Bhanu Priya Kumawat Government Women Engineering College Ajmer, Ajmer, India Ishwar Ram Kumawat Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Soma Kumawat MNIT, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Chhagan Lal University of Padova, Padova, Italy Fateh Lal Lohar Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India Ravi Kumar Maddila Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Saurabh Maheshwari Computer Science, Gweca, Ajmer, India Mandvi Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India Baria Dipikaben Manharbhai Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India Kishor G. Maradia EC Department, GEC, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India Natalia Martynyuk Semiconductor Electronics Department, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine Manish Mathew Optoelectronic Devices Group, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Electronics and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-CEERI), Pilani, Rajasthan, India Garima Mathur Poornima College of Engineering, Rajasthan Technical University, Jaipur, India
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Editors and Contributors
Rohit Mathur Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India Sudarshan Maurya Government Mahila Engineering College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India Santosh Meena Government Women Engineering College Ajmer, Ajmer, India S. Meghana EE Department, School of Engineering, Shiv Nadar University, G. Noida, UP, India Ajaz Hussain Mir Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Srinagar, India Mahmood F. Mosleh Electrical Technical Engineering College, Baghdad, Iraq Saba Mushtaq Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Srinagar, India Kalpana Naidu Department Technology-Kota, Kota, India
of
ECE,
Indian
Institute
of
Information
Monia Najjar National Engineering School of Tunis Communications Systems Laboratory (SysCom), University of Tunis El Manar, Ariana, Tunisia; Higher Institute of Computer Science of El Manar (ISI), University of Tunis El Manar, Ariana, Tunisia Satyasai Jagannath Nanda Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Vijayakumar Narayanan Department of Electronics and Communication, Government Engineering College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India Harshal Nigam Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management & Gramothan, Jaipur, India Kumari Nikita Department of Electronics and Communication, MNIT Jaipur, JLN Marg, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Darakshanda Noor Government Women Engineering College Ajmer, Ajmer, India Anuj Kumar Ojha Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India Vipin Pal Manipal University, Jaipur, India P. K. Panigrahi Center for Lasers and Photonics, IIT, Kanpur, UP, India Trilochan Panigrahi Department of E.C.E, National Institute of Technology Goa, Farmagudi, Goa, India
Editors and Contributors
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Manoj Singh Parihar Discipline of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design & Manufacturing Jabalpur, Jabalpur, India Bhupendra M. Parmar GTU, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India Anurag Patro Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Techonology, Rourkela, India R. Pradeep Fiber Optics Laboratory, Department of ECE, College of Engineering Trivandrum, Thiruvananthapuram, India K. B. Pramod MCT’s RGIT, Mumbai, India; JAIN University, Bangalore, India A. V. Praveen Kumar Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, BITS Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India Alisha Priya Department of Electronics Engineering, IIT(ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India Sanjeev Kumar Raghuwanshi Department of Electronics Engineering, IIT(ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India Preeti Rai Department of Computer Science, GGITS, Jabalpur, MP, India Rajesh Kumar Raj Government Engineering College, Ajmer, India K. Rajalakshmi Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India Mahavirsingh Rajpurohit MCT’s RGIT, Mumbai, India Abhishek Ranjan OFC and Photonics Laboratory, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Patna, Bihar, India Rakesh Ranjan OFC and Photonics Laboratory, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Patna, Bihar, India Arpit Rawankar Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India Sanyog Rawat Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Manipal University, Jaipur, India Kanad Ray Amity School of Applied Science, Amity University, Noida, Rajasthan, India I. V. Reshma Department of Electronics and Communication, College of Engineering Trivandrum, Trivandrum, Kerala, India Rakesh Roshan Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India Anupam Sahu Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Editors and Contributors
Jyoti Saini Government Women Engineering College Ajmer, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India Makni Sana National Engineering School of Tunis Communications Systems Laboratory (SysCom), University of Tunis El Manar, Ariana, Tunisia Sandeep Sancheti Department of ECE, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India K. Sandhya Department of Physics, Banasthali University, Rajasthan, India Sanyogita Center for Lasers and Photonics, IIT, Kanpur, UP, India Kishor G. Sawarkar MCT’s RGIT, Mumbai, India Chetan Selwal Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Government Women Engineering College, Ajmer, India Ubizskii Serhij Institute of Telecommunications, Radioelectronics and Electronic Engineering, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine Shahiruddin Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Patna Campus, Patna, India Shalini Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Patna, India Vivek Shandil National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India Abha Sharma Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Rajasthan College of Engineering for Women, Rajasthan, India Arvind Sharma Department of ECE, Government Women Engineering College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India Devi Prasad Sharma Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India Indra Bhooshan Sharma Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India Lokesh Sharma Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India M. M. Sharma Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India Mahendra Mohan Sharma Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Pankaj Kumar Sharma Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Government Mahila Engineering College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India Ritu Sharma Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Roopkishor Sharma Government Engineering College, Ajmer, India
Editors and Contributors
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Varshali Sharma Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Karma Sonam Sherpa Sikkim Manipal Institute of Technology, Majhitar, Sikkim, India M. Shree Prasad Department of E.C.E, National Institute of Technology Goa, Farmagudi, Goa, India M. J. Siddiqui Department of Electronics, F/o Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India Priyanka Sidhar Deenbandhu Chotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Haryana, India Poonam Singal Deenbandhu Chotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Haryana, India A. Dinamani Singh Department of ECE, NERIST, Nirjuli, Arunachal Pradesh, India Dharmendra Kumar Singh OFC and Photonics Laboratory, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Patna, Bihar, India Ghanshyam Singh Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India Kuldip Singh Optoelectronic Devices Group, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Central Electronics and Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-CEERI), Pilani, Rajasthan, India Shefali Singla Deenbandhu Chotu Ram University of Science & Technology, Murthal, Haryana, India Surya Srivastava National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India Dmytro Sugak Semiconductor Electronics Department, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine; Scientific Research Company ‘Carat’, Lviv, Ukraine Kriti Suneja MNIT, Jaipur, India Ihor Syvorotka Scientific Research Company ‘Carat’, Lviv, Ukraine Prateek Thakral National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India Manish Kumar Thukral Manipal University Jaipur, Dahmi Kalan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Manish Tiwari Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
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Editors and Contributors
Naveen Kumar Tiwari Cognizant Technology Solutions, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India Vivekanand Tiwari Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Sandeep Toshniwal Electronics Communication, Technology and Engineering, Jaipur, India
Kautilya
Institute
of
Meenakshi Tripathi Department of CSE, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India Kushal Tuckley R&D, AGV System, Mumbai, India Serhij Ubizskii Semiconductor Electronics Department, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine Vaishali Department of ECE, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Tunisha Varshney Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India Karan Verma Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India N. Vijayakumar GEC Barton Hill, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India Sandeep Vyas Department of ECE, Vivekanand Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India Anu Wilson Fiber Optics Laboratory, Department of ECE, College of Engineering Trivandrum, Thiruvananthapuram, India Uliana Yakhnevych Semiconductor Electronics Department, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine Anju Yadav Manipal University, Jaipur, India Dinesh Yadav Electronics and Communication Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India Sandeep Kumar Yadav Government Women Engineering College Ajmer, Ajmer, India Sanjeev Yadav Government Women Engineering College Ajmer, Ajmer, India Nisha Yadav Department of Physics, Banasthali University, Rajasthan, India R. P. Yadav MNIT, Jaipur, India Rajveer S. Yaduvanshi USICT, GGSIPU, Dwarka, India Yogita UIET, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
Editors and Contributors
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Joseph Zacharias Department of Electronics and Communication, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Technology, Kottayam, Kerala, India Shalini Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Patna, India
