radial force varies after fourth order equation (Fig. 2, a). The distribution of forces as shown in the .... With free-size optimization module (FS) from OptiStruct.
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
ScienceDirect Procedia Technology 22 (2016) 726 – 733
WK,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFH,QWHUGLVFLSOLQDULW\LQ(QJLQHHULQJ,17(5(1*2FWREHU 7LUJX0XUHV5RPDQLD
6WUXFWXUDO2SWLPL]DWLRQRI&RPSRVLWHIURP:LQG7XUELQH%ODGHV ZLWK+RUL]RQWDO$[LV8VLQJ)LQLWH(OHPHQW$QDO\VLV 6WDQFLX0DULDQD'RPQLFDD &XUWX,RDQD7HVXOD,RQXWD D
7UDQVLOYDQLD8QLYHUVLW\RI%UDVRY'HSRI0HFKDQLFDO(QJLQHHULQJ%GXO(URLORUQR%UDVRY5RPDQLD
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© 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license 7KH$XWKRUV3XEOLVKHGE\(OVHYLHU/WG (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). 3HHUUHYLHZXQGHUUHVSRQVLELOLW\RIWKH³3HWUX0DLRU´8QLYHUVLW\RI7LUJX0XUHV)DFXOW\RI(QJLQHHULQJ Peer-review under responsibility of the “Petru Maior” University of Tirgu Mures, Faculty of Engineering .H\ZRUGVVWUXFWXUDORSWLPL]DWLRQZLQGWXUELQHEODGHFRPSRVLWHDHURG\QDPLFSURILOH
&RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU7HOID[ (PDLODGGUHVVPDULDQDVWDQFLX#XQLWEYUR
2212-0173 © 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the “Petru Maior” University of Tirgu Mures, Faculty of Engineering doi:10.1016/j.protcy.2016.01.031
Stanciu Mariana Domnica et al. / Procedia Technology 22 (2016) 726 – 733
727
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«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Û0$7Û57Û0$7
'HQVLW\ .JP
/D\HUV
3RLVVRQ&RHIILFLHQW
(ODVWLFLW\PRGXOXV (>03D@ (>03D@
Q
0DW7
57
7KHLQWHQVLW\YDULDWLRQRIIRUFHVD[LDOUDGLDOFHQWULIXJDO RQWKHEODGHOHQJWKLVVKRZQLQILJXUHVDQG,WLV QRWHGWKDWWREODGHWLSWKHLQWHQVLW\RID[LDOIRUFHGHFUHDVHVDIWHUDVHFRQGRUGHUSDUDEROLFODZ)LJD DQGWKH UDGLDOIRUFHYDULHVDIWHUIRXUWKRUGHUHTXDWLRQ)LJD 7KHGLVWULEXWLRQRIIRUFHVDVVKRZQLQWKHJUDSKKDVEHHQ DSSOLHGLQWKHILQLWHHOHPHQWPRGHOLQJDVFDQEHVHHQLQILJXUHVEEDQGD 7KHFHQWULIXJDOIRUFH)FLVFDOFXODWHGE\HTXDWLRQ ܨ ൌ ߱ଶ ݉ כ ݎ כ ZKHUHȦLVWKHDQJXODUYHORFLW\UUDGLXVGLVWDQFHWRWKH URWRUVKDIWSURILOH DQG P PDVVFDOFXODWHGVHFWLRQ 9DOXHVRIFHQWULIXJDOIRUFHREWDLQHGIRUHDFKVHFWLRQDUHSUHVHQWHGLQWDEOH)LJXUHDSUHVHQWVWKHYDULDWLRQRI FHQWULIXJDOIRUFHDORQJWKHEODGHLQFUHDVLQJWKHLQWHQVLW\RIWKHKXEWREODGHWLS
728
Stanciu Mariana Domnica et al. / Procedia Technology 22 (2016) 726 – 733
D E )LJ7KHYDULDWLRQRID[LDOIRUFHDORQJWKHZLQGEODGH
D E )LJ7KHYDULDWLRQRIUDGLDOIRUFHDORQJWKHZLQGEODGH
D E )LJD 9DULDWLRQRIFHQWULIXJDOIRUFHDORQJWKHEODGHE &RPSOH[ORDGLQJRIHDFKFKRUG 7DEOH7KHFDOFXODWLRQRIWKHFHQWULIXJDOIRUFHRQHDFKVHFWLRQ 6HFWLRQ 3DUDPHWHUV $QJXODUYHORFLW\ ߱>UDGV@
6HF
6HF
6HF
6HF
6HF
6HF
6HF
6HF
6HF
6HF
5DGLXVU>P@
0DVVP>.J@ &HQWULIXJDOIRUFH)&>1@
729
Stanciu Mariana Domnica et al. / Procedia Technology 22 (2016) 726 – 733
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
?
57 57 0$77 57 0$77 57 57
57 0$77 57 0$77 57 0$77 57 0$77 57
57 57 0$77 57 0$77 57 0$77 57 0$77 57 57
57 0$77 57 0$77 57 0$77 57 0$77 57 0$77 57 0$77 57
6WUHVVYRQ0LVHV >03D@ 'LVSODFHPHQW>PP@ 0DVV>.J@
57 57 0$77 57 0$77 57 0$77 57 0$77 57 0$77 57 0$77 57 57
)LJ7KHYDULDWLRQRIHTXLYDOHQWVWUHVVHVUHSRUWHGLQWKHSUDFWLFDODUHDVDVULVNGDPDJH
,WLVQRWHGWKDWWKHIL[HGDUHDLVWKHPRVWVWUHVVHGEHLQJWKHOLDLVRQEHWZHHQWKHURWRUEODGHDQGSODWH7KLVDUHDLV XVXDOO\QHJOHFWHGLQWKH)(0DQDO\]HVFRQVLGHULQJWKDWIL[LQJWKHURWRULVPDGHVDIHE\RYHUVL]LQJWKHFODPSLQJ DUHD7KHDUHD$LVRQHRIWKHPRVWFRPPRQDUHDVZKLFKLWEUHDNV\LHOGVGXHWRWKHSDVVDJHIURPWKHSURILOHRIWKH
730
Stanciu Mariana Domnica et al. / Procedia Technology 22 (2016) 726 – 733
FODPSLQJDUHDZKLFKXVXDOO\KDVDPRUHULJLGLQVHUW WRDVWUXFWXUHOLNHDVKHOO,QWKHSUHVHQWPRGHOWKHFODPSLQJ DUHDZDVVWUHQJWKHQHGE\PHDQVRIDPHWDOVWULS2/LQLQQHURIEODGHVWUXFWXUHDQGSRO\XUHWKDQHIRDPDVILOOHU 7DEOH7KHVWUHVVYDOXHVIRUHDFKULVNDUHDDQGHDFKW\SHRIFRPSRVLWH
1RRI )L[HG$UHD =RQH$ =RQH% OD\HUV ıPD[>03D@ ıPD[>03D@ ı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
)LJ7KHHTXLYDOHQWVWUHVVYDULDWLRQLQULVNDUHDVIRUHDFKW\SHRIFRPSRVLWH
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
731
Stanciu Mariana Domnica et al. / Procedia Technology 22 (2016) 726 – 733
)LJ&RQILJXUDWLRQRIOD\HUVLQGLFDWHGE\VRIWZDUHD 7KHWKLFNQHVVRIHDFKOD\HUE &RQILJXUDWLRQRIH[WUDGRV
$IWHU WKH ILUVW LWHUDWLRQ IUHHVL]H 7DEOH )6 DUHDV ZLWK GLIIHUHQW QXPEHU RI OD\HUV IROORZV WKH VWUHVVHV JUDGLHQWZKLFKUHSUHVHQWVDWHFKQRORJLFDOO\XQDFKLHYDEOHRXWOLQH%DVHGRQWKHLQIRUPDWLRQIURPWKLVILUVWLWHUDWLRQ WKHFRQWRXUVRIWKHOD\HUVZHUHUHGHVLJQHGDFFRUGLQJWRPDQXIDFWXULQJFRQVWUDLQWVDVFDQEHYLHZHGIRUHDFKVWUDWXP LQ7DEOH)6 7DEOH'LVSRVDORIOD\HUVDIWHUILUVWLWHUDWLRQIUHHVL]H DQGDIWHUUHGHVLJQ ,QLWLDO)6
5HGHVLJQ)6 /D\HUVDQG
/D\HUVDQG
/D\HUVDQG
/D\HUVDQG
/D\HUVDQG
7KHVHFRQGVWHSFRQVLVWVRIGHILQLQJWKHWKLFNQHVVRIHDFKOD\HUDQGOD\HUVUHORFDWLRQGHSHQGLQJRQWKHVWUHVVHV JUDGLHQWDQGWHFKQRORJLFDOSRVVLELOLWLHVRIPDQXIDFWXULQJFRPSRVLWH7KLVVWHSFDOFXODWHVWKHRSWLPXPWKLFNQHVVRI
732
Stanciu Mariana Domnica et al. / Procedia Technology 22 (2016) 726 – 733
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
D
E )LJ7KHRSWLPL]HGGLVWULEXWLRQRIWKHFRPSRVLWHOD\HUVD VHWZLWKDQHYHQQXPEHURIOD\HUVE VHWRGGOD\HUV
7DEOH7KHYDOXHVRIVWUHVVDQGPDVVREWDLQHGGXULQJWKHRSWLPL]DWLRQ ,QLWLDO )6 )6 6] 6K )LQDOPRGHO
)L[HGDUHD
=RQH$
=RQH%
0DVV>.J@
Stanciu Mariana Domnica et al. / Procedia Technology 22 (2016) 726 – 733
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ăĠLL6WUXFWXUDOHD3DOHORU7XUELQHORU(ROLHQHLQ%XOHWLQXO $*,5&UHDWLYLWDWH,QYHQWLFD5RERWLFDQUS >@ -XUHF]NR03DZODN00H]\N$2SWLPL]DWLRQRIZLQGWXUELQHEODGHV-RXUQDORI0DWHULDOV3URFHVVLQJ7HFKRQRORJ\ ± >@ -HQVHQ)LQG0¡OKROW8OWLPDWHVWUHQJWKRIDODUJHZLQGWXUELQHEODGH3K'7KHVLV'DQHPDUFD >@ $VKZLOO 7K 3DTXHWWH - &RPSRVLWH PDWHULDOV IRU LQQRYDWLYH ZLQG WXUELQH EODGHV KWWSZLQGSRZHUVDQGLDJRYRWKHU6$03( $VKZLOOSGI >@ 6FKXEHO3-&URVVOH\5-:LQG7XUELQH%ODGH'HVLJQ(QHUJLHV >@ +LURPDVD.DZDL.D]XWRVKL0LFKLVKLWD$NLUD'HJXFKL'HVLJQ:LQG/RDGVRQD:LQG7XUELQHIRU6WURQJ:LQG%%$$9,,QWHUQDWLRQDO &ROORTXLXPRQ%OXII%RGLHV$HURG\QDPLFV $SSOLFDWLRQV0LODQR,WDO\-XO\ >@ $PHU & 6DKLQ 0 6WUXFWXUDO $QDO\VLV RI D &RPSRVLWH :LQG 7XUELQH %ODGH :RUOG $FDGHP\ RI 6FLHQFH (QJLQHHULQJ DQG 7HFKQRORJ\ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO-RXUQDORI0HFKDQLFDO$HURVSDFH,QGXVWULDODQG0HFKDWURQLFV(QJLQHHULQJ9RO1R
733