Supplement of Biogeosciences, 14, 3909–3926, 2017 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3909-2017-supplement © Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Supplement of A biophysical approach using water deficit factor for daily estimations of evapotranspiration and CO2 uptake in Mediterranean environments David Helman et al. Correspondence to: David Helman (
[email protected],
[email protected])
The copyright of individual parts of the supplement might differ from the CC BY 3.0 License.
Figures
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
Fig. S1. Views of the seven study sites along the climatic gradient (a – g) and the newly mobile flux measurement system used in this study (h). This figure is the same as Fig. 1 in main article.
S2
1
a
1
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0 Oct-11 1
Oct-12
Oct-13
Oct-14
0 Oct-11
Oct-15
c
1
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0 Oct-11 1
Oct-12
Oct-13
Oct-14
1
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
1
Oct-12
Oct-13
Oct-14
Oct-15
Oct-12
Oct-13
Oct-14
Oct-15
Oct-12
Oct-13
Oct-14
Oct-15
Oct-12
Oct-13
Oct-14
Oct-15
Oct-12
Oct-13
Oct-14
Oct-15
d
0 Oct-11
Oct-15
e
0 Oct-11
b
f
0 Oct-11
g
0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 Oct-11
Fig. S2. Original (black line) and smoothed (green line) time series of NDVI (MOD13Q1) in the seven sites (see sites in Fig. S1 and respective locations in Table 1 in the main article). Smoothing and interpolation of the 16-day data to daily values was achieved using local weighted scatterplot smoothing technique (LOESS). The elimination of outliers by LOESS is clearly seen in the time series of all sites.
S3
a
ETMOD ET
ETec ETEC
ETMOD/P EIRS
ETEC/P Eiec
P
1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 -1.2 -1.4 -1.6
500 400
ET (mm y-1)
300 200 100 0
ET/P
600
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 4
1.5
b c
400 300 200 100 0
d
ETMOD-DS (mm d-1)
ETMOD-DS (mm d-1)
ETMOD-DS (mm y-1)
500
1
0.5
100 200 300 400 500
ETEC (mm
y-1)
2 1 0
0 0
3
0
0.5
ETEC (mm
1
0
1.5
d-1)
1
2
3
4
ETEC (mm d-1)
Fig. S3. Annual ET (mm y-1) summed from daily RS-Met estimates (with fWD) and EC, and annual rainfall amounts (P) at Yatir pine forest site for 2003-2014 (a). Linear EC vs. RS-Met ET regressions of the annual (b) and daily estimates during dry summer (June-August; c) and rainy (October-May; d) seasons. The R’s of the linear fits are 0.78 (P0.1; N=876) in (c) and 0.80 (P50% missing data).
S4
a Wady Attir
4 3
6
5
5
4 3
2
2
1
1
0 Oct-11
Oct-12
Oct-13
0 Oct-11
Oct-14
Eshtaol
7
4 3 2 1
Oct-12
Oct-13
Oct-14
0 Oct-11
Oct-15
6
6
5
5
2 1
4 3 2 1
0 Oct-11
Oct-12
Oct-13
Oct-14
Oct-15
0 Oct-11
Oct-14
Oct-15
Oct-14
Oct-15
Birya
5
3
Oct-13
7
6
4
Oct-12
HaSolelim
7
ET (mm d-1)
ET (mm d-1)
6 ET (mm d-1)
5
Kadita
7
ET (mm d-1)
ET (mm d-1)
6
Modiiin
7
RS-Met (fWD) RS-Met (NO fWD) MODIS EC
ET (mm d-1)
7
4 3 2 1
Oct-12
Oct-13
Oct-14
Oct-15
0 Oct-11
Oct-12
Oct-13
b Wady Attir
10 8 6 4
10 8 6 4 2
0 Oct-11
0 Oct-11
Oct-13
Oct-14
Eshtaol
16
Oct-12
Oct-13
Oct-14
Oct-15
GPP (g C m-2 d-1)
10 8 6 4
6 4 0 Oct-11
Oct-12
Oct-13
Oct-14
Oct-15
4 0 Oct-11
Oct-12
Oct-13
Oct-14
Oct-15
Oct-14
Oct-15
14
8
0 Oct-11
6
Birya
10
2
8
16
12
2
10
HaSolelim
14
12
12
2
16
14
GPP (g C m-2 d-1)
12
2 Oct-12
14
14
GPP (g C m-2 d-1)
12
RS-Met (fWD) RS-Met (NO fWD) MODIS EC
Kadita
16
GPP (g C m-2 d-1)
GPP (g C m-2 d-1)
14
Modiiin
16
GPP (g C m-2 d-1)
16
12 10 8 6 4 2
Oct-12
Oct-13
Oct-14
Oct-15
0 Oct-11
Oct-12
Oct-13
Fig. S4. Same as Fig. 7 in main article with the addition of RS-Met without the fWD (grey line).
S5
14
GPPMOD-WS (g C m-2 d-1)
12
GPP (mm d-1)
12 10 8 6 4 MOD-DS RS-Met EC
2 0
10 8 6 4 2 0
0
1
2
3
ET (mm
4
5
6
0
d-1)
2
4
6
GPPEC (g C
8
m-2
10
12
d-1)
Fig. S5. Cross-site correlations between eddy ET and GPP from EC (red) and RS-Met (black). The RS-Met with the water deficit factor (fWD) is shown. The slopes of the linear fits in are 2.32 g C kg-1 H2O and 1.76 g C kg-1 H2O for RS-Met and EC, with R = 0.87 and 0.65 (P
