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http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3608.4.7 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2DBF0155-C21C-4B37-AF7C-0379D2ACC7DF
Tetrafulgoria, a new generic replacement name for fossil Tetragonidium Bode, 1953 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Fulgoridiidae) non Pascher, 1914 (Protista: Cryptomonada) ALEXANDER B. DOWELD National Institute of Carpology (Gaertnerian Institution), 21 Konenkowa Street, RUS-127560, Moscow, Russian Federation. E-mail:
[email protected].
Abstract A new name for the extinct planthopper genus—Tetrafulgoria nom. nov. is proposed to replace preoccupied name Tetragonidium Pascher, 1914 (Protista). Key words: Tetrafulgoria nom. nov., Tetragonidium Pascher, 1914, Tetragonidium Bode, 1953, Fulgoridiidae, new replacement name, homonymy
The genus Tetragonidium was established by Bode (1953: 194; type species: Tetragonidium parallelogramma, by original designation) for distinctive fossil insects of Lower Jurassic age (Upper Liasic) from Germany. However, the generic name Tetragonidium Pascher (1914: 160; type species Tetragonidium verrucatum Pascher, 1914; by monotypy), a living protist (Cryptomonada), preceded Bode’s name which becomes a praeoccupied homonym. The cryptomonad Tetragonidium is well recognized and in active current use, serving as the type for an important protist (or algal) basal sister group to Cryptomonada, ranked from family Tetragonidiidae (Tetragonidiaceae) P. C. Silva (in Regnum Veg. 103: 49. 1980) to class Tetragonidiea (Tetragonidiophyceae) Doweld or even a distinct phylum Tetragonidia (Tetragonidiophyta) Doweld (in New Syllabus Pl. Fam.: 176. 2005). To resolve homonymy, in accordance with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Tetrafulgoria nom. nov. here proposed as a replacement name for Tetragonidium Bode non Pascher. The use of the name Tetragonidium in respect to fossil insect is given according to the open nomenclature principles proposed by Matthews (1973) and Bengston (1988).
Systematics Order Hemiptera Linnaeus, 1758 Suborder Fulgoromorpha Evans, 1947 Superfamily Fulgoroidea Latreille, 1807 Family Fulgoridiidae Handlirsch, 1939 Genus Tetrafulgoria nom. nov. Tetragonidium Bode, 1953 (Insecta: Hemiptera; extinct) non Tetragonidium Pascher, 1914 (Protista: Cryptomonada; Recent). 1953 Tetragonidium: Bode 1953: 194. 1992 Tetragonidium Bode, 1953: Carpenter: 240. 1996 Tetragonidium Bode, 1953: Ansorge: 46. 2004 Tetragonidium Bode, 1953: Szwedo et al.: 72.
Gender: feminine. Type species: Tetragonidium parallelogramma Bode, 1953: 195. Accepted by S. Jacek: 4 Dec. 2012; published: 21 Jan. 2013
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Diagnosis: see Bode (1953: 194–195). Composition: Tetrafulgoria parallelogramma (Bode, 1953), Tetrafulgoria paeneparalletum (Bode, 1953). Stratum typicum: Jurassic, Upper Liassic, Lower Toarcian, Schwarzjura ε. Locus typicus: Germany, Braunschweig, near Grassel.
Acknowledgements I am thankful to Dr. J. Szwedo (Department of Palaeozoloogy, Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland) and anonymous reviewers for comments and valuable suggestions.
References Ansorge, J. (1996) Insekten aus dem oberen Lias von Grimmen (Vorpommern, Norddeutschland). Neue Paläontologische Abhandlungen, Dresden, 2, 1–132. Bengston, P. (1988) Open nomenclature Palaeontology, 31(1), 223–227. Bode, A. (1953) Die Insektenfauna des Ostniedersächsischen oberen Lias. Palaeontographica (Abt. A), 103, 1–375. Carpenter, F.M. (1992) Superclass Hexapoda. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part R, Arthropoda 4 (3, 4). Geological Society of America Boulder, Colorado and University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 655 p. Doweld, A.B. (2005) New Syllabus of Plant Families (A Plant World System). Moscow: Bibliorossica. Handlirsch, A. (1939) Neue Untersuchungen über die fossilen Insekten, Teil 2. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 49, 1–240. Matthews, S.C. (1973) Notes on open nomenclature and on synonymy lists. Palaeontology, 16(4), 713–719. Pascher, A. (1914) Über Flagellaten. Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft, 32, 136–160. Silva, P.C. (1980) Names of classes and families of living algae. Regnum Vegetabile, 103, 1–156. Szwedo, J., Bourgoin, T. & Lefebvre, F. (2004) Fossil Planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) of the World. An annotated catalogue with notes on Hemiptera classification. Warszawa: Studio 1, 199 p. + 8 Plates.
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