possible experience, presses him to think of a thing in itself, which is .... metaphysics in the Critique of Pure Reason, might give us an inkling for the solution of ...
The Transcendental Aesthetic and Absolute Totality of Conditions: The Problem of Metaphysics in the Critique of Pure Reason and a Solution Kyushu University, Japan
Kazuhiko Yamamoto 30/December/2016 Prague
Kant’s metaphysics, which says that the absolute whole of magnitude – the world-whole – has nothing to do with any possible experience, presses him to think of a thing in itself, which is merely intelligible. The difficulty is related to the issue of the absolute totality of conditions in connection with the issue of the absolute magnitude of the series in the world of sense. Since pure reason has no other aim than the absolute totality of synthesis on the side of conditions, we have to take steps in order to solve this problem, namely the absolute totality of conditions in conjunction with the absolute magnitude of the series in the world of sense, in such a way that we can comprehend transcendental aesthetics and the world-whole through empirical intuition and synthesis in accordance with experience or possible experience.
So far, we have clarified that: 1) in experience and in possible experience, we can ascribe sequences of an occurrence in which something happens that previously existed, to death itself – object in itself – which belongs to the category of the pure concepts of the understanding: 2) appearances themselves signify things in themselves – filled space-elapsing time or empty space-nullified time: 3) space-time itself – nullity in space-time – inheres in appearances themselves, suggesting that the standing and lasting I of pure apperception – the manifold of sensible intuition – exists in nullity in space-time, while it appears in filled space-elapsing time: 4) upon disappearance of the manifold of sensible intuition in death, filled space-elapsing time is neutralized, and it would vanish in nullity in space-time, returning to space-time itself – an a priori intuition: 5) for this reason, intuitions’ condition belongs to one and the same series of intuitions – space-time itself: 6) the schema of necessity signifies space-time itself and the form of appearances in terms of ‘filled-elapsing’ or ‘empty-nullified, which correspond to “the existence of an object at all times” (A145):
7) since “a necessary being” (A560/B588) could “occur as a condition of the existence of appearances in the world of sense,” a necessary being could exist as filled space-elapsing time, which appears distinct from empty space-nullified time – nullity in space-time: 8) since alterability concerns only the determinations of appearances, namely filled space-elapsing time or empty space-nullified time, space-time itself is the unalterable – the cause: 9) since “all appearances, considered extensively as well as intensively, are continuous magnitudes” (A171-B213), “the proposition that all alteration (transition of a thing from one state into another) is also continuous” is proved easily.
Furthermore, our transcendental analytic has these results: 1) all manifold of sensible intuition contains “a necessary relation” (B132) – space-time itself: 2) the representation of “a necessary relation” – “pure apperception” – signifies space-time itself: 3) “a necessary relation” manifests itself in the entire dissolution of the “unity of self-consciousness” – death – which occurs necessarily and universally; and 4) the dissolution of the “unity of self-consciousness’ is “an act of spontaneity.” We have to note that this manifold – the entire dissolution of the “unity of selfconsciousness” – is to be encountered in the same subject – the ‘I think’ – in experience and possible experience as a result of “an act of spontaneity.” Since the representation ‘I think’ – the transcendental unity of selfconsciousness – is homogeneous with “pure apperception” which signifies “the thoroughgoing identity of oneself in all possible representations” (A116), our metaphysics implies that the representation ‘I think,’ which can accompany all others, is to cognize “through categories whatever objects may come before our senses” (B159).
In this context we comprehend that a human, as the representation ‘I think,’ senses, intuits and cognizes all appearances themselves in virtue of filled spaceelapsing time or nullity in space-time through empirical intuition and synthesis. Our transcendental analytic has shown that 1) “the absolute unity of the thinking subject” and “the absolutely unconditioned in a series of given conditions” (A335) signify nullity in spacetime – quantum; and 2) “a being of all beings” (A336) signifies space-time itself – quantum. A thing in itself which Kant described in the Critique of Pure Reason is equivalent to space-time itself which we clarified through our transcendental analytic. Thus, we rescue Kant’s metaphysics from the abyss of emptiness, in which he does not comprehend something, which would be represented in him as possibility.
The Constitutional Principle of Reason: The Universe = world-whole = filled-space-elapsing time + nullity in space-time Nullity in space-time permeates filled space-elapsing time When Kant says, “the members of the division exclude each other and yet are connected in one sphere, so in the latter case the parts are represented as ones to which existence (as substance) pertains to each exclusively of the other, and which are yet connected in one whole” (B112-B113), we have to note that “the members of the division” signifies categories, through which it would become possible for us to cognize a priori “whatever objects may come before our senses,…as far as laws of their combination are concerned” (B159). When Einstein asserts that there is a serious defect in quantum mechanics (Einstein et al. 1935: 777-780), we feel that our transcendental analytic, grounded on Kant’s metaphysics in the Critique of Pure Reason, might give us an inkling for the solution of this conundrum. This issue will be addressed in our following discourse.
Thank you for your attention! and
A Happy New Year!
