Mar 22, 2013 ... Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar,. Microsoft ... Cognitive femtocell. Cognitive
ad hoc network. Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar,.
Quality of Service and MObility driven cognitive radio Systems
Use cases and business models Per H. Lehne, Ole Grøndalen, Richard MacKenzie Telenor, Norway
BT, UK
‘The research leading to these results was derived from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) under Grant Agreement number 248454 (QoSMOS)’.
Topics QoSMOS use cases • Criteria • Context
Business case evaluation • Economic benefit • Deployment scenario and assumptions • Highlight risks/barriers Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar, Microsoft Innovation and Policy Center, Washington D.C., 22 March 2013
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Criteria for selecting use cases In which context can we use CR?
Are selected frequency bands feasible?
• Benefit from CR technology
• Regulatory constraints
• Benefit for the actors
• Power limits
• Technical feasibility
• Interference limits
• Economic feasibility
• Range and coverage
• Regulatory feasibility • Ecosystem feasibility
• Benefit for the society
Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar, Microsoft Innovation and Policy Center, Washington D.C., 22 March 2013
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Context: TV whitespace +6dBi directive antenna (36 dBm)
470-790 MHz
Channel in use by incumbent
30 dBm
Fixed devices not allowed in adjacent bands
20 dBm
17 dBm without geolocation capability
16 dBm
WSD emission limits according to the FCC (US)
8 MHz Personal Portable Device (PPD) limits
Fixed Device (FD) limits
Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar, Microsoft Innovation and Policy Center, Washington D.C., 22 March 2013
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QoSMOS use cases for cognitive radio Cellular extension in whitespace
Offloading of LTE networks • Increased operational bandwidths • Peak hour traffic offloading • Improved link quality • More flexible services
Cognitive femtocell
Cognitive ad hoc network
Rural broadband
Cognitive femtocell
M2M in whitespace
• High QoS requirements • Low mobility • Isolated village with little or no Internet connectivity
• Private wireless access • Public hot spots • Indoor femtocells to provide outdoor coverage
• Many small devices • Small amounts of data • Relaxed real-time demands • Transportation • Smart metering • eHealth
Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar, Microsoft Innovation and Policy Center, Washington D.C., 22 March 2013
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Deployment scenario • ‘‘Typical’’ western European city – 200 km2 – 1 million inhabitants
• Downtown: – 50 km2 - 0.5 million inhabitants
• Urban/suburban: – 150 km2 - 0.5 million inhabitants Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar, Microsoft Innovation and Policy Center, Washington D.C., 22 March 2013
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Offloading of LTE networks Business case definition Digital TV transmissions
A mobile network operator to increase its LTE capacity • A cost-comparative study – ‘‘TVWS solution vs. buy extra 800MHz license’’ • Reuse existing sites • Study period: 2015 – 2020 • Geo-location and spectrum database
TVWS being used
E.g. 800 MHz LTE spectrum (licensed)
Example spectrum usage chart
TV tower
Cellular BS with cognitive capabilities
Possible coverage extension using WS only
Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar, Microsoft Innovation and Policy Center, Washington D.C., 22 March 2013
Capacity extension to a single user
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Offloading of LTE networks Business case analysis Parameter
Base case assumption (2015)
Number of sites required (ISD 0.75 km in downtown/urban, 1.0 km in suburban)
277
Cost of acquiring Digital Dividend 2 spectrum
8.8m USD
Cost of making a conventional eNB support DD2 spectrum
5.2k USD
Cost of making an eNB cognitive LTE capable
9.1k USD
Cognitive Manager – Spectrum Management (CM-SM)
225k USD CAPEX, 31.5k USD/year OPEX
Adaptation Layer
13k USD
Cost difference between “cognitive LTE” capable terminals and terminals supporting Digital Dividend 2 (DD2) spectrum
39 USD
Spectrum (geo-location) database fee
6.5 USD/subscriber/year
Conversion used: 1 euro = 1.3 USD
Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar, Microsoft Innovation and Policy Center, Washington D.C., 22 March 2013
DNPV = 3.9m USD in favour of cognitive LTE
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Offloading of LTE networks
•
Cognitive LTE terminal cost
•
eNB upgrade cost
•
Spectrum database fee
Base case: 8.8m USD
Moderate risk
DD2 spectrum license cost
Low risk
•
High risk
Sensitivity analysis
Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar, Microsoft Innovation and Policy Center, Washington D.C., 22 March 2013
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Cognitive femtocell Business case definition Digital TV transmissions
A fixed network operator to offer mobile broadband service • TV Whitespace (470-790 MHz) • Backhaul using existing infrastructure (DSL, fibre,..) • Roaming or MVNO agreement with existing mobile operators • Study period: 2015 – 2020 • Geo-location and spectrum database
TVWS being used
Example spectrum usage chart
Femtocell using TVWS
Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar, Microsoft Innovation and Policy Center, Washington D.C., 22 March 2013
TV tower
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Cognitive femtocell Business case analysis Parameter
Base case assumption (2015)
Number of femtocells for 90% outdoor coverage
6 750 in downtown/urban, 14 200 in suburban
Average revenue per user
26 USD/Month/customer
Cost of a cognitive femtocell
290 USD
Cognitive femtocell installation costs
0 USD
Cognitive manager for spectrum management (CM-SM)
225k USD CAPEX, 31.5k USD/year OPEX
Adaptation Layer (AL)
13k USD
Cost of mobile core network components
260k USD
Cost of cognitive capabilities in terminal
39 USD
General OPEX per customer
13 USD/Month/customer Marketing cost: 1 million € the two first years
Spectrum (geo-location) database fee
Conversion used: 1 euro = 1.3 USD
6.5 USD/subscriber/year Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar, Microsoft Innovation and Policy Center, Washington D.C., 22 March 2013
NPV=5.9m USD
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Cognitive femtocell
• • •
Cognitive terminal cost Femtocell coverage radius Femtocell installation cost
• •
Mobile core network Spectrum database fee
Base case: 26 USD/month
Moderate risk
ARPU Cognitive femtocell cost General OPEX cost
Low risk
• • •
High risk
Sensitivity analysis
Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar, Microsoft Innovation and Policy Center, Washington D.C., 22 March 2013
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QoSMOS use cases for cognitive radio Cellular extension in whitespace
Offloading of LTE networks • Increased operational bandwidths • Peak hour traffic offloading • Improved link quality • More flexible services
Cognitive femtocell
Cognitive ad hoc network
Rural broadband
Cognitive femtocell
M2M in whitespace
• High QoS requirements • Low mobility • Isolated village with little or no Internet connectivity
• Private wireless access • Public hot spots • Indoor femtocells to provide outdoor coverage
• Many small devices • Small amounts of data • Relaxed real-time demands • Transportation • Smart metering • eHealth
Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar, Microsoft Innovation and Policy Center, Washington D.C., 22 March 2013
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Deployment scenario • National or wide-area deployment scenarios • UK – Rural broadband for not-spots in UK – M2M for close to 100% coverage of UK
Image ref: S. Kawade (BT) “Is wireless broadband provision in to rural communities in TV whitespaces viable? a UK case study”, DySPAN 2013
Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar, Microsoft Innovation and Policy Center, Washington D.C., 22 March 2013
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Rural Broadband Business case definition For a fixed network operator to provide broadband to rural not-spots • TV Whitespace (470-790 MHz) • Not-spots ( 11.7 Mbit/s in 50% of the area • > 5.7 Mb/s in 90% of the area In a single 8 MHz channel
Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar, Microsoft Innovation and Policy Center, Washington D.C., 22 March 2013
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Cognitive femtocell Technical evaluation Femtocell range
Outdoor coverage
ITU-R P.1411 630 MHz TVWS DL EIRP: 20 dBm TVWS UL Tx power: 17 dBm
Building penetration loss: 11 dB
UE antenna gain: -7dBi
City suburban
1.5 m
City downtown 75 m urban
90 m suburban
Outdoor coverage is obtained by randomly deployed indoor femtocells
90% outdoor coverage can be obtained by: • 6 750 femtocells in downtown/urban • 14 200 femtocells in suburban < 10% of households (4 persons/hh)
Dynamic Spectrum Sharing Seminar, Microsoft Innovation and Policy Center, Washington D.C., 22 March 2013
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