Ruiz de Alarcón 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain. Dock House, The Waterfront, ... e La
ecologıa y energıa / ecology and energy (vocabulary only). (2) La ecologıa y ...
Using Spanish Vocabulary
R . E . B AT C H E L O R ´ N G E L S A N J O S E´ MIG UEL A
The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1RP, United Kingdom The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge, CB2 2RU, UK 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011–4211, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia Ruiz de Alarc´on 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town 8001, South Africa http://www.cambridge.org C
´ R. E. Batchelor and Miguel Angel San Jos´e 2003
This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2003 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge Typeface Ehrhardt 10.5/12 pt.
System LATEX 2ε []
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 521 00862 X paperback
Contents
Introduction
Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; Bibliography
Unidad 1 / Unit 1
El Ser humano / The Human Being a El cuerpo humano / the human body b El lenguaje / language c Los cuidados corporales / body care d La sexualidad / sexuality
Unidad 2 / Unit 2
La Personalidad humana / The Human Personality a La inteligencia / intelligence b Los sentimientos / feelings c La voluntad, deber y conciencia / will, duty and conscience d La percepci´on / perception e Las cualidades y virtudes / qualities and virtues f Los defectos, vicios y delitos / defects, vices and offenses
Unidad 3 / Unit 3
Los Alimentos, las bebidas y la ropa / Food, Drinks and Clothes a Las comidas / meals b El vino / wine c El vestido / dress
page 1 8
37
71
Unidad 4 / Unit 4
La Salud / Health a La medicina / medicine b La enfermedad / illness c Los accidentes / accidents d El tabaquismo / tobacco addiction e Las drogas / drugs f La muerte / death
103
Unidad 5 / Unit 5
La Familia y la casa / Family and Home a Los miembros de la familia / family members b Los grados de parentesco / family relationships c La vida de familia / family life d Los nombres de pila / first names e La casa y edificios / house and buildings f El mobiliario / furniture g La luz y calefacci´on / lighting and heating
137
vii
viii
List of contents
Unidad 6 / Unit 6
La Ciudad / City Life a Un vistazo sobre la ciudad / overview of the city b La administraci´on municipal / town administration c La polic´ıa / police d Los delitos / offenses e La circulaci´on urbana, carreteras y accidentes / town traffic, roads and accidents f Las fiestas p´ublicas / public holidays g El hotel, caf´e / hotels, caf´es
171
Unidad 7 / Unit 7
La Sociedad civil y religiosa / Social and Religious Life a La vida de sociedad / social life b La justicia / justice c El derecho / law d La religi´on / religion e Los derechos humanos / human rights
210
Unidad 8 / Unit 8
La Vida del campo y del mundo animal / Life in the Countryside and the Animal Kingdom a La agricultura / agriculture b La aldea y granja / village and farm life c El cultivo de los jardines y de los campos / garden and farm crops d La recolecci´on / harvest e Los vegetales / plants f Los a´ rboles frutales / fruit trees g La vida de la selva / jungle life h Los animales dom´esticos y animales salvajes / domestic and wild animals i Las aves / birds j Los peces, mariscos / fish, shell fish k Los insectos, gusanos, reptiles / insects, worms, reptiles
Unidad 9 / Unit 9
El Tiempo (duraci´on), c´alculos, tama˜nos y dinero; recipientes / Time, Calculations, Sizes and Money; Containers a La divisi´on del tiempo / division of time b La hora y el reloj / time and the clock c La edad y fechas / age and dates d Las festividades / festivities e Los n´umeros, c´alculos y matem´aticas / numbers, calculations and mathematics f Los pesos y medidas / weights and measures g El tama˜no / size h Recipientes / containers i Las monedas / money and coins
244
274
List of contents
ix
Unidad 10 / Unit 10
La Naturaleza y el universo / Nature and the Universe 305 (1) a El cielo y los astros / the sky and the stars b La tierra / earth c El mar y los r´ıos / the sea and rivers d La atm´osfera y el tiempo que hace / the atmosphere and weather e La ecolog´ıa y energ´ıa / ecology and energy (vocabulary only) (2) La ecolog´ıa y energ´ıa / ecology and energy (exercises only)
Unidad 11 / Unit 11
La Vida econ´omica (Secci´on 1) / Economic Life (Section 1) a El trabajo / work b Los oficios / professions c El comercio, finanzas / commerce, finance d La banca / banking
349
Unidad 12 / Unit 12
La Vida econ´omica (Secci´on 2) / Economic Life (Section 2) a La industria / industry b Los seguros e impuestos / insurance and tax c Las pensiones / pensions d La seguridad social / social security
388
Unidad 13 / Unit 13
Transporte / Transportation, Transport a El coche / carro M /car b El ferrocarril / railroad / railways c El avi´on / airplane d El barco / boat e La seguridad vial / road safety
418
Unidad 14 / Unit 14
Ocio (esparcimiento M) y turismo / Leisure and Tourism a Los juegos de ni˜nos / children’s games b Los juegos de sociedad / social and recreational games c El baile / dancing d Los deportes / sports e La pesca, caza / fishing, hunting
455
Unidad 15 / Unit 15
Educaci´on / Education a Las escuelas / schools b Las clases / classes c La ense˜nanza / teaching d Los estudios y comportamiento / study and behavior e La ense˜nanza superior / higher education
491
Unidad 16 / Unit 16
Letras y ciencias / Arts and Sciences a La gram´atica, el estilo / grammar, style b La literatura (poes´ıa, novela) / literature (poetry, novel) c La filosof´ıa / philosophy d Las ciencias de la naturaleza (f´ısica, biolog´ıa, qu´ımica, color y luz) / natural sciences (physics, biology, chemistry, color and light)
525
x
List of contents
e Los sistemas de informaci´on, telecomunicaciones, correos / information systems, telecommunications, postal service Unidad 17 / Unit 17
Bellas artes y artes pl´asticas / Fine Arts and Plastic Arts 563 a El dibujo, pintura, fotograf´ıa / drawing, painting, photography b La escultura y arquitectura / sculpture and architecture c La m´usica, canto y radio / music, singing and radio d La televisi´on / television e El teatro y cine / theater and movies
Unidad 18 / Unit 18
La G eograf´ıa y la historia / G eography and History
592
Unidad 19 / Unit 19
La Pol´ıtica / Politics a El gobierno y elecciones / government and elections b Los sindicatos / labor / trades unions c Las relaciones internacionales / international relations d La Uni´on Europea / European Union e Los disturbios pol´ıticos / political unrest f La inmigraci´on / immigration g El feminismo / feminism
627
Unidad 20 / Unit 20
La G uerra y la paz / War and Peace a El ej´ercito / army b La guerra terrestre / land war c La marina de guerra / navy d La guerra naval / sea conflict e La aviaci´on) guerra a´erea / aviation, air war f La paz / peace
665
Model answers for a number of the exercises in this book can be found on the book’s accompanying website, at the URL http://publishing.cambridge.org/ resources/052100862X
Unidad 1 / Unit 1
El Ser humano / The Human Being Nivel 1 / Level 1 General amigo/a m/f amigote m R1 anciano m beba f A bebe m A beb´e m beb´e m/f M beibi m R2/1 M bodoque m R1 M caballero m chamaca f M chamaco m M chava f M chaval m R1 chavala f R1 chavo m M chica f chico m colega mf R2/1 compadre m R1 M compa˜nero/a m/f compinche mf R2/1 M conocido/a m/f cuata f R1 M cuate m R1 M cuero m R1 M
8
friend pal old (person) female baby male baby baby baby girl/boy friend, baby (used as form of address) kid gentleman kid (girl) kid (boy) girl lad, kid girl boy girl boy friend friend, buddy friend buddy, mate acquaintance (girl) friend, girl (boy) friend, guy, bloke attractive broad/chick
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .
dama f R3/2 escuincle m R1 M forro m R1 M hombre m individuo m joven mf mam´a f mango m R1 M mina f R1 A min´on m R1 A muchacha f muchacho m mujer f nene/a m/f ni˜no/ni˜na m/f pap´a m pebeta f R1 A pebete m R1 A pelao m R1 M piba f R1 A pibe m R1 A se˜nor m se˜nora f se˜norita f se˜norito m t´ıo m R1 tipo m R1 viejecito m
lady kid, nipper attractive woman/man man individual, guy young person (also adjective: young) mom(my), mum(my) good-looking broad/ chick, stunner broad, chick good-looking broad/ chick, stunner girl boy, lad woman baby, infant child/boy/girl dad(dy) girl, kid boy, kid guy, fellow girl, child boy, child gentleman lady (young) lady (young) gentleman dude, guy dude, guy old person
Ser humano / Human Being
viejito m M viejo m
old person old person (also adjective: old)
Cuerpo humano / Human body Cabeza / head boca f mouth cabeza f head calvo bald cara f face cerebro m brain coco m R1 head, nut cuello m neck diente m tooth frente f forehead garganta f throat hocico m R1 M mug, snout jeta f R1 face, mug labio m lip lengua f tongue mejilla f cheek muela f (molar) tooth napia(s) f(pl) R1 A schnozzle, hooter nariz f nose o´ıdo m (inner) ear oreja f (outer) ear pelo m hair pel´on R1 bald piel f skin pinta f R2/1 face, appearance (suggests more state of mind) p´omulo m cheekbone ponerse los pelos de to stand on end punta (of hair) raya f part, parting (in hair) trenzas fpl braids, plaits trucha f R1 A mug Tronco / trunk barriga f R1 belly, paunch cuerpo m body butt, ass, arse culo m R1∗ espalda f back hombro m shoulder pecho m breast, chest tronco m trunk vientre m stomach
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..
Miembros / members brazo m cadera f codo m dedo m mano f miembro m mu˜neca f m´usculo m muslo m palma f pecho m pu˜no m rodilla f u˜na f
9
arm hip elbow finger hand member wrist muscle thigh palm (of hand) breast fist knee nail
Piel y hueso / skin and bone carne f flesh costilla f rib cutis m skin, complexion esqueleto m skeleton nudillo m knuckle piel f skin tejido m tissue tend´on m tendon tez f complexion F´ısico y aspecto / physique and appearance alto tall bajo short, small bonito pretty bueno R1 good-looking chaparro A/M squat chico M small, tiny d´ebil weak delgado thin derecho right-handed duro hard elegante elegant en´ergico energetic feo ugly f´ısico m physique, physical fuerte strong gordo fat grueso thickset guapo good-looking guay R1 cool, nice
10
Unidad 1 / Unit 1
hermoso lindo A/M llenito M majo R1 moreno
beautiful, lovely pretty chubby nice, pretty dark-skinned, swarthy p´alido pale peque˜no small ponchado R1 M strong, tough regordete chubby robusto tough, robust zurdo left-handed ´ Organos internos / internal organs arteria f artery coraz´on m heart est´omago m stomach h´ıgado m liver intestino m (delgado) (small) intestine intestino m (grueso) (large) intestine ri˜no´ n m kidney sangre f blood vena f vein ´ Organos sexuales femeninos / female sexual organs cl´ıtoris m clitoris cunt co˜no m R1∗ genitales mpl genitals o´ rgano m organ sexual sexual vagina f vagina ´ Organos sexuales masculinos / male sexual organs balls cojones mpl R1∗ balls huevos mpl R1∗ pene m penis pito m R1 dick cock verga f R1∗ M
Actividades y movimiento / Activities and movement General abrazar to hug, to embrace abrir to open agarrar to grip agarrar un objeto de to take an object from la mesa A/M the table
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..
agarrar una pelota M ahogarse andar a´ nimo m atajar una pelota A atrapar la pelota M aventar M beber besar caerse cambiar de sitio caminar cerrar circular coger coger un objeto de la mesa coger una pelota comer conducta f correr cruzar dar la vuelta dar la vuelta a darse prisa dejar devolver enjugar entrar (en) escuchar golpe m golpear hacer ir jugar llevar l´ucido mirar morder morir(se) moverse nadar o´ır
to catch a ball to drown to walk courage, spirit to catch a ball to catch the ball to throw to drink to kiss to fall to change places to walk (suggests effort) to close to circulate, to move around to catch, to take, to get hold of to take an object from the table to catch a ball to eat behavior, conduct to run to cross to go back to go round to hurry to leave to return (something to someone) to wipe to enter / go in to listen (to) blow to hit, to strike to make, to do to go to play to wear, to carry lucid, clear to look (at) to bite to die to move to swim to hear
Ser humano / Human Being
pasar pegar pescar la bola R2/1 M picar pisar poner quedar(se) querer quitar respirar romper salir seguir subir(se) tirar
tomar tomar el colectivo A/M traer usar venir ver vivir volver
to pass to hit, to strike to catch the ball to bite, to sting to step/tread on to put, to place to remain to love, to like to take (away) to breathe to break to go out to follow to go up to throw, to throw away (usually has meaning of throw away in M) to take to catch the bus
to bring to use to come to see to live to return (rarely used in M which prefers regresar) Avanzada y retroceso / movement forwards and backwards alcanzar to reach avanzar to go forward dirigirse hacia to make your way towards empujar to push empuj´on m push retroceder to retreat, to withdraw tirar de to pull Subida y bajada / ascent and descent bajada f descent, going down bajar(se) to go/come down, to get off caer(se) to fall
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .
ca´ıda f coger una liebre R1 darse un azot´on R1 M darse un guarrazo derrumbarse
11
fall to fall, to come a cropper to fall, to crash down to fall over, to crash down to come crashing down to scale, to climb to crash to bend to get up to get on slippery to slip slippery to step/jump over to sit down ascent to go up, to get on to fall
escalar estrellarse inclinarse levantarse montar resbaladizo resbalar resbaloso M salvar sentarse subida f subir(se) tirarse una plancha R1 trepar to climb venirse abajo to crash down Movimientos r´apidos / fast movements acelerar el paso to speed up aplaudir to applaud aplauso(s) m(pl) applause apresurarse to hasten apurarse A/M to hurry entrar corriendo to run in escapar(se) to escape, to run away espabilarse R2/1 to get a move on, to look lively fugarse to flee llegar corriendo to come running up moverse to move salir corriendo to run out
Cuidados corporales / Body care afeitar(se) to shave (yourself) arreglarse to get ready, to dress up aseo m personal personal hygiene asqueroso foul, dirty
12
Unidad 1 / Unit 1
ba˜narse ba˜narse M ba˜nera f ba˜no m brocha f cepillar cepillo m de dientes champ´u m cubo m cuidado m curioso R3 ducha f ducharse ensuciar(se)
to take a bath to take a bath/shower bath(tub) bath, bathroom shaving brush to brush tooth brush shampoo bucket, pail care, attention clean shower to take a shower to make dirty / get dirty foam sink to scrub to rub faucet, tap razor blade soap to wash (yourself) to clean cleanliness clean (electric) razor razor blade tooth paste filth, muck, dirt to shave washroom, toilet dirtiness dirty scissors towel to take a bath lavatory, toilet
espuma f fregadero m fregar frotar grifo m hoja f de afeitar jab´on m lavar(se) limpiar limpieza f limpio m´aquina f navaja f de rasurar M pasta f dent´ıfrica porquer´ıa f R1 rasurarse M servicios mpl suciedad f sucio tijeras fpl toalla f tomar un ba˜no w´ater m Sue˜no/sleep acostar(se)
apolillar R1 A bostezar bostezo m cansancio m cansarse
to put to bed (when reflexive = to lie down, to go to bed) to snooze to yawn yawn tiredness to get tired
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..
coche m de ensue˜no descansar descanso m despertar(se) despierto dormido dormir dormir como beb´e M dormir como un lir´on dormir la siesta dormirse echarse ensue˜no m estar dormido/ durmiendo insomnio m levantarse pastilla f para dormir pesadilla f roncar somn´ıfero m son´ambulo m so˜nar (con) sue˜no m
Habla / Speech a voz en grito agudo callarse canci´on f cantar canto m charla f charlar claro conversaci´on f decir dialecto m en voz alta en voz baja gritar grito m habla f hablar hablar fuerte idioma m
dream of a car to rest rest to wake up awake asleep to sleep to sleep like a baby/log to sleep like a log to have a siesta to go to sleep to lie down daydream to be sleeping sleeplessness to get up sleeping pill nightmare to snore sleeping pill sleepwalker to dream (of) sleep, dream
aloud sharp, penetrating to keep quiet song to sing song, singing chat to chat clear conversation to say, to tell dialect in a loud voice in a low voice to shout shout speech to speak to speak loudly language
Ser humano / Human Being
lengua f lenguaje m palabra f suave
language (type of) language word soft
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
13
t´ermino m tono m voz f
term tone voice
sesos mpl sien f t´ımpano m Ojo / eye ceja f echar un ojo (a) M echar un vistazo (a) entrecejo m
brains temple tympanum, eardrum
Nivel 2 / Level 2 Cuerpo humano / Human body Cabeza / head aliento m breath am´ıgdala f tonsil arruga f wrinkle baba f M saliva barba f beard barbilla f chin barbudo bearded (barbado M) busto m bust cabello m R3 hair coco m R1 head colmillo m canine tooth corona f crown (of head) crisma f R2/1 head, nut cuero m cabelludo scalp enc´ıas fpl gums hoyuelo m dimple incisivo m R3 incisor manzana f de Ad´an Adam’s apple mate m R1 A head melona f R1 head mente f mind ment´on m chin molar m molar muela f del juicio wisdom tooth nuez f de Ad´an Adam’s apple o´ıdo m exterior outer ear o´ıdo m interior inner ear paladar m palate peca f freckle pera f R1 A chin p´omulo m cheekbone quijada f jaw(bone) rizo m curl rostro m R3/2 face rulo m A curl saliva f saliva
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
iris m nervio m o´ ptico ni˜na f del ojo ¡Ojo! ojo por ojo p´arpado m pesta˜na f pupila f retina f sin pesta˜near Tronco / trunk bajo vientre m bajos mpl bisagra f R1 M cachas fpl R1 A cadera f chichis mpl R1 M cintura f columna f vertebral complexi´on f costado m cuerda f vocal delantera f R1∗ desnudo disco m domingas fpl R1∗ en bolas R1
eyebrow to glance (at) to glance (at) space between the eyebrows iris optic nerve pupil, apple of the eye Careful! eye for eye eyelid eyelash pupil retina without flinching lower part of the abdomen lower parts of the body armpit ass, bottom hip boobs waist spine build, constitution side vocal chord knockers, tits naked disc tits naked
14
Unidad 1 / Unit 1
en carne viva R2/1 en cueros (vivos) R1 encuerado M figura f mama f melones mpl R1 nalga f nalgas fpl ojete m R1∗ A ombligo m orto m R1∗ A pechuga f pez´on m pompis m R1 pompis fpl R1∗ A poro m posaderas fpl R1∗ A seno m R3/2 sobaco m talle m teclas fpl R1∗ M teta f traste m R1 A tubo m digestivo Miembros / members antebrazo m b´ıceps m cacha(s) f(pl) chueco A dedo m chico dedo m gordo dedo m pulgar descalzo diestro
naked naked, starkers naked frame, shape, figure breast tits cheek butt, bottom butt, ass, arse navel ass, arse bosom, cleavage nipple butt, bottom butt, ass, arse pore ass, arse bosom armpit waist, figure, build boobs teat butt, bottom alimentary canal
doblar el dedo dorso m de la mano extremidades fpl gamba(s) f(pl) R1 ir del brazo ma˜noso pantorrilla f pata f R1 patituerto patizambo planta f del pie
forearm biceps (well-shaped) leg(s) bow-legged small toe big toe thumb barefoot right-handed, dexterous to bend the finger back of the hand extremities (well-shaped) leg(s) to go arm in arm skillful, handy calf leg bow-legged knock-kneed sole of foot
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .
pliegue m del brazo crook in the arm pulgar m thumb punta f del dedo tip of finger taba f ankle bone taba f R1 A leg tal´on m heel tal´on m de Aquiles Achilles’ heel tend´on m de Aquiles Achilles’ tendon tobillo m heel tr´ıceps m triceps zambo knock-kneed Piel y hueso / skin and bone articulaci´on f joint cart´ılago m cartilage espinazo m spine, backbone hueso m de la alegr´ıa funny bone m´edula f marrow, medulla m´edula f espinal spinal cord m´edula f o´ sea bone marrow ternilla f gristle, cartilage v´ertebra f vertebra Sentidos corporales / physical senses audici´on f (act of) hearing bizcar to squint bizco cross-eyed, squinting ceguera f blindness ciego blind gafas fpl glasses gusto m taste lente f de contacto contact lens lentes mpl A/M glasses m´ıope short-sighted miop´ıa f short-sightedness mudez f dumbness mudo dumb o´ıdo m hearing oler to smell olfatear to smell, sniff olfato m smell paladar m taste presbicia f R3 far-/longsightedness pr´esbita R3 far-/long-sighted sordera f deafness sordo deaf sordomudo deaf and dumb
Ser humano / Human Being
tacto m touch tuerto one-eyed visi´on f vision vista f sight F´ısico y aspecto / physique and appearance achaparrado stunted, stocky actitud f attitude adelgazar(se) to make/grow thin adem´an m gesture apariencia f appearance arruga f wrinkle arrugado wrinkled aspecto m appearance, aspect atractivo attractive barbudo bearded basto coarse, rough bello R3/2 beautiful bello M good-looking naked, starkers bichi R1∗ M blando soft bola f R1 fat person calvo bald cerdo m R1 fat person chaparro A/M short, squat chupado R1 skinny continente m R3 bearing, mien desma˜nado clumsy, awkward despampanante R1 stunning (of a woman’s looks) diminuto R3/2 tiny, minute enano dwarf, tiny, stunted encantador charming encanto m charm engordar to get/make fat esbeltez f slimness, gracefulness esbelto slim, graceful escuchimizado R1 skinny escultural statuesque, elegant espigado R3 lanky, tall and slim to be naked/starkers estar en bolas R1∗ A flaco thin frescura f freshness gesto m gesture gigante m giant (also adjective: gigantic) gordinfl´on R1 pudgy, podgy gracia f grace(fulness)
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gracioso
funny, graceful, elegant h´abil skilful huesudo bony largucho R1 M lanky larguirucho R1 lanky mofletudo chubby-cheeked moreno dark-skinned morocho A dark-skinned mueca f grimace musculoso muscular (nuevo) look m (new) look obeso R3/2 obese panzudo R1 tubby pelado A bald peludo hairy, shaggy petiso A small, short porte m R3/2 bearing, demeanor postura f posture, attitude precioso pretty, lovely rasgos mpl features rollizo plump, chubby salero m charm, sex-appeal seriedad f seriousness serio serious sesapil m sex-appeal severidad f severity sombr´ıo gloomy taciturno R3/2 taciturn tama˜no m size, shape torpe clumsy, awkward tosco coarse, rough vaca f R1 fat person vello m body hair velloso R3 hairy, shaggy ´ Organos internos / internal organs abdomen m abdomen ap´endice m appendix bazo m spleen bronquios mpl bronchial tubes car´otida f carotid (artery) c´elula f cell circulaci´on f blood circulation sangu´ınea colon m colon diafragma m diaphragm digerir to digest
15
16
Unidad 1 / Unit 1
digesti´on f digestion duodeno m duodenum esf´ınter m R3 sphincter gl´andula f R3 gland gl´andula f seb´acea R3 sebaceous gland laringe f R3 larynx latidos mpl heart beats linfa f lymph linf´atico lymphatic nervio m nerve nervioso nervous p´ancreas m pancreas pulsaci´on f (single) heart beat pulso m pulse recto m rectum respiraci´on f breathing sistema m nervioso nervous system suspirar to sigh suspiro m sigh u´ reter m ureter v´alvula f del coraz´on heart valve vena f yugular jugular vein ventr´ıculo m ventricle ves´ıcula f biliar R3 gall bladder ´ Organos sexuales femeninos / female sexual organs cunt concha f R1∗ A labios mpl de la vulva labia boobs lolas fpl R1∗ A ovario m ovary trompa f de Falopio Fallopian tube ´ Organos sexuales masculinos / male sexual organs bajos mpl R1 M testicles prick, dick carajo m R1∗ escroto m R3 scrotum pellejito m R1 M foreskin balls pelotas fpl R1∗ prick polla f R1∗ prepucio m R3 prepuce, foreskin pr´ostata f prostate test´ıculo m testicle ves´ıcula f seminal seminal tract Hacer el amor / love making acariciar to caress acoso m sexual sexual harassment
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acostarse con cualquiera afrodis´ıaco m amor´ıo m besar cachondo R1 caricia f chingar R1∗ M coger(se a) R1∗ A/M coito m R3 cond´on m c´opula f R3 copular R3 deseo m sexual diafragma m DIU m enamorarse escarceos mpl (amorosos) excitaci´on f sexual flirtear follar R1∗ fornicaci´on f R3 fornicar R3 forro m R1 A gorrito m R1 M hacer el amor a/con hule m R1 M identidad f de g´enero identidad f sexual joder R1∗ lesbiana f morrear R1 ninf´omana f R3 orgasmo m paraca´ıdas m R1 preservativo m punto m G R1 romance m sexy sobar R1 sterilet m s´ucubo m R3
to sleep around aphrodisiac love affair to kiss sexy, horny, randy caress to screw, to fuck to screw (has different meaning in Spain) coitus, intercourse condom copulation to copulate sexual desire diaphragm coil to fall in love amorous adventures sexual excitement to flirt to screw, to fuck fornication to fornicate safe, condom safe, condom to make love to rubber condom gender identity sexual identity to screw lesbian to kiss, to snog nymphomaniac orgasm safe, condom condom G spot romance sexy to feel, to paw coil succubus
Ser humano / Human Being
Actividades y movimiento / Activities and movement Subida y bajada / movement up and down agacharse to squat arrellanarse to sprawl bajar corriendo to run down darse un porrazo to crash down derrumbamiento m plunge, headlong fall derrumbarse to plunge desplomarse to collapse erguirse R3 to stand up, to straighten up hundirse to sink incorporarse to sit up pararse A/M to stand up ponerse de pie to stand up repanchigarse to lounge, to sprawl repantigarse to lounge, to sprawl sentarse en cuclillas to squat subir corriendo to run up Avanzada / movement forwards abrir la marcha to lead the way abrirse un camino to make a way through borrarse R1 A/M to split, to clear off cortejo m procession desfilar to file/march (past) desfile m procession, parade irse to go away largarse R1 to split, to clear off marcha f march marchar to march marcharse to go away zigzaguear to zigzag Cuidados corporales / Personal cleanliness aftershave m aftershave aseado neat, tidy, clean aseos mpl washroom, cloakroom ataviarse to dress up atender sus to see to your needs necesidades b´ascula f de ba˜no bathroom scales
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blanquear botiqu´ın m cagar R1∗ cepillar cepillarse los dientes con grela R1 A cortarse el pelo cortina f de la ducha cuarto m de aseo cubo m de basura darse un regaderazo M defecar R3 desengrasar desinfectar desnudarse emperifollarse encuerarse R1 M enjuagar enjugar R3 esmero m esponja f excusado m guarro R1 hacer caca R2/1 hacer del n´umero R2/1 M hacer pip´ı R2/1 hacer pis hacer pop´o R2/1 inodoro m jabonera f laca f lavabo m lavarse los dientes lima f manopla f maquillaje m maquillarse mear R1∗ miar R1 M mierdoso R1∗ mugre f
17
to whiten, to bleach medicine chest to crap, to shit to brush to brush your teeth dirty to have your hair cut shower curtain washroom, bathroom trash can, rubbish bin to take a shower to defecate to remove grease, to scour to disinfect to undress to dress up to get undressed to rinse to wipe neatness, refinement sponge lavatory, toilet filthy to do a poop/pooh to do a pooh (child’s language) to pee to pee to do a pooh (child’s language) lavatory/toilet bowl soap dish hair-spray washbasin to brush your teeth file face flannel makeup to put on makeup to piss to have a pee foul, filthy grime, filth
18
Unidad 1 / Unit 1
mugriento navaja f de afeitar orinar palangana f
grimy razor to urinate washbasin, plastic bowl hand towel sanitary napkin/towel lavatory/toilet paper elegantly dressed person tooth paste hairdo to comb your hair to have your hair cut hairdresser’s hairdresser to perfume perfume piss to piss to put on makeup to dye your hair powder compact filthy shower lavatory, toilet mascara filthy, grimy bath salts hair drier hair drier to dry yourself eye shade hair spray tampon tampon to dye your hair hand towel restroom, bathroom (used by females) spray to dress lavatory, toilet shabby, rough-looking
pa˜no m de manos pa˜no m higi´enico papel m higi´enico paquet´on m A pasta f de dientes M peinado m peinarse peluquearse R1 M peluquer´ıa f peluquero m perfumar perfume m pillada f R1 A pillar R1 A pintarse pintarse el pelo M polvera f puerco R1∗ regadera f M retrete m r´ımel m ro˜noso sales fpl de ba˜no secador m secadora f M secarse sombra f de ojo spray m tampax m M tamp´on m te˜nirse el pelo toalla f de mano tocador m M vaporizador m vestirse w´ater m zarrapastroso
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Sue˜no / sleep adormecerse adormilarse agotado amodorrarse apalancarse R2/1 apolillar A cansado conciliar el sue˜no R3 dormir a pierna suelta dormir al raso echar la meme R2/1 M echar la mimi R2/1 M efecto m sopor´ıfico estar hecho un tronco hecho bolsa R1 A hecho pelota R1 A hecho polvo R1 hecho pomada A meterse en la cama peg´arsele a alguien las s´abanas planchar la oreja R1 sobar R1 sopor´ıfico tenderse R3/2 tumbarse R2/1
Habla / Speech a media voz a voz en cuello a voz en grito alzar la voz bajito callandito cantinflear R2/1 M
ceder la palabra
to become sleepy to doze exhausted to become drowsy to settle down to snooze tired to go to sleep to sleep soundly to sleep in the open air to go to sleep (used of children) to go to sleep (used of children) soporific effect to sleep like a log exhausted exhausted exhausted exhausted to get into bed to lie in to sleep to sleep soporific to lie down to lie down
in a low voice at the top of your voice at the top of your voice to raise your voice in a low voice in a quiet voice/way to talk nonsense, to talk and say nothing (like Cantinflas, a Mexican comic) to invite to speak
Ser humano / Human Being
champurrear A/M chapurrear chillar chill´on chismorrear M chismorreo m M contar cuchichear cuchicheo m dar la palabra decir un discurso M dirigir la palabra a entonaci´on f estridente R3 hablador hablar R3/2 M hablar a tontas y a locas hablar hasta por las orejas M hablar por los codos levantar la voz llamada f
to speak badly to speak badly to scream shrill, loud to whisper whisper to relate to whisper whisper to invite to speak to give a speech to address intonation strident talkative to talk (of something serious) to talk without rhyme or reason to talk a great deal to talk a great deal to raise your voice call
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llamar matizar narrar parlanch´ın penetrante pl´atica f R3 pl´atica f M platicador M platicar R3 platicar M pronunciar un discurso referir un cuento R3 relatar R/2 ronco sonido m tartamudear tartamudeo m tener la palabra timbre m tomar la palabra tono m trab´arsele la lengua a alguien
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con el sudor de tu frente c´ornea f cr´aneo m dentadura f empastar empaste m facciones fpl faz f R3 fosas fpl nasales globo m ocular hacer frente a hueso m maxilar R3 ir con la frente muy alta labio m inferior labio m superior l´obulo m (de la oreja)
19
to call to make more precise to narrate talkative penetrating, sharp conversation conversation talkative to converse to talk, to speak to make a speech to relate to relate hoarse, husky sound to stammer stammer to hold the floor (nasal) twang to begin a speech tone to get tongue-tied
Nivel 3 / Level 3 Cuerpo humano / Human body Cabeza / head abota(r)gado R3 bloated (of face) amalgama f M (tooth) filling aparato m dental brace bigote(s) m(pl) moustache bigotudo with a big moustache cachetes mpl R2/1 M cheeks (usually chubby and of child) cachet´on R2/1 M chubby-cheeked (of child) campanilla f uvula caracol m o´ seo cochlea cerviz f R3 back/nape of neck c´oclea f R3 cochlea cogote m back/nape of neck comisura f (de los corner of the mouth labios)
with the sweat of your brow cornea skull set of teeth to fill (teeth) filling (facial) features face, countenance nasal cavities eyeball to face jawbone to hold your head high, to fear no one lower lip upper lip (ear) lobe
20
Unidad 1 / Unit 1
mand´ıbula f maxilar m inferior maxilar m superior mofletes mpl R1
jaw lower jaw(bone) upper jaw(bone) (children’s) chubby cheeks chubby-cheeked (of children) lips, chops, snout bulging eyes whiskers bald, close-cropped (of hair) jaw sparse (of hair) face, countenance to fill a tooth Eustachian tube
mofletudo R1 morro(s) m(pl) R1 ojos mpl saltones patillas fpl pel´on quijada f ralo semblante m R3 tapar una muela M trompa f de Eustaquio u´ vula f R3 ventanas fpl de la nariz Tronco / trunk ano m axila f bilis f cl´avicula f corpulencia f corpulento de todo coraz´on entra˜nas fpl epiglotis m R3 es´ofago m estatura f estern´on m faringe f flanco m gaznate m R1 gl´andula m hiel f laringe f omoplato/om´oplato m pancita f R2/1 M panza f R2/1 panzudo R2/1 pelvis f
uvula nostril
anus armpit bile shoulder blade corpulence corpulent with all my/your, etc., heart entrails epiglotis esophagus, gullet stature sternum pharynx side, flank gullet, windpipe gland gall, bile larynx shoulder blade tummy paunch pot-bellied pelvis
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pez´on m pubis m R3 regi´on f lumbar t´orax m tr´aquea f tripa f R2/1 vello m p´ubico R3 v´ısceras fpl Miembros / members alargar el brazo
teat, nipple pubis lumbar region thorax trachea, windpipe guts, belly pubic hair entrails
to stretch out an arm andar a trancos to take big steps anular m ring finger caminar de puntillas to walk on tiptoe charro M bow-legged corva f back of the knee dar trancos to stride along dar una patada a to kick (at) dar zancajadas to stride along de pies a cabeza from head to toe de pies planos flat-footed echar a puntapi´es to kick out falange f phalanx f´emur m femur huella f dactilar finger print huella f digital finger print h´umero m humerus ´ındice m index/forefinger ligamento m ligament manco maimed (usually arm, hand) medio m middle finger me˜nique m little finger mocho M maimed (usually arm, hand) planta f de los pies sole of the foot ponerse de puntillas to stand on tiptoe radio m radius r´otula f kneecap tibia f tibia F´ısico y aspecto / physique and appearance adustez f R3 severity adusto R3 severe agraciado graceful, charming aguile˜no aquiline (of nose), sharp featured
Ser humano / Human Being
alopecia f R3 apariencia f a´ spero barbilampi˜no R3 bragado R3/2 bronceado m broncearse cadav´erico R3 calvicie f calvo camandulero R1 A cence˜no R3 ce˜no m ce˜nudo chamagoso R2/1 M chancludo R2/1 M charro m M chato chic R3/2 chilapastroso R2/1 M ching´on R1∗ M chulo R2/1 M compostura f corcovado delgaducho demacrado R3 descarnado R3 descolorido desenfadado R3/2 desenfado m R3/2 desenvoltura f R3 desenvuelto R3 desgre˜nado R3 desgre˜nar R3 desinhibido R3/2 desmelenado R3 desmelenar R3 desva´ıdo R3 dignidad f encuerado R1 A/M endeble R3 enjuto R3 erecto
alopecia, hair loss, baldness appearance harsh bearded tough suntan to get a suntan cadaverous baldness bald stylish thin, skinny frown frowning, grim dirty, filthy scruffy, untidy bow-legged person flat-nosed chic, stylish scruffy, untidy gorgeous cute, good-looking composure, constitution humpbacked skinny emaciated lean, emaciated pale, discolored carefree, uninhibited free and easy manner, forwardness ease, confidence free and easy, natural disheveled to dishevel uninhibited disheveled to dishevel pale, dull dignity naked feeble lean, skinny erect
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escu´alido R3 espigado exquisito fealdad f fino flac(c)idez f R3 fl´ac(c)ido R3 fornido R3 fortach´on R2/1 forzudo R2/1 gallardo R3/2 garbo m garboso gre˜na f gre˜nudo gru˜no´ n R1 herc´uleo hirsuto R3 hosco hura˜no R3 jorobado lampi˜no R3 macilento R3 macizo melena f melenudo mono panz´on M petitero R1 A porte m presencia f prestancia f primoroso R3/2 recio R3/2 refunfu˜no´ n R1 respingado seco silueta f tieso
21
skinny, emaciated lanky, tall and thin exquisite ugliness delicate, elegant flaccidity, flabbiness flaccid well built, strapping strong, tough strong, tough graceful, elegant grace, elegance graceful, elegant shock/mop of hair tangled (of hair) grumpy Herculean hairy, bushy (of beard), hirsute sullen, morose shy, unsociable humpbacked bearded emaciated stoutly built, solid long hair, mop of hair long-haired nice-looking, cute pot-bellied stylish mien, bearing presence elegance, dignity elegant, exquisite tough, strong grumpy snub/turned-up (nose) thin, skinny silhouette stiff
Cuidados corporales / Body care achancharse R1 A to neglect yourself, to get fat, to put on weight
22
Unidad 1 / Unit 1
acicalarse R3
to smarten up, to dress up bathing wrap, bathrobe shower head/rose bath mat barber dressing gown bath brush hair brush cistern, flush to dress up clear, crystalline to embellish yourself to soap, to lather neat, careful to flush
albornoz m alcachofa f de ducha alfombra f de ba˜no barbero m bata f cepillo m de ba˜no cepillo m para el pelo cisterna f componerse R3 cristalino R3 embellecerse R3 enjabonar esmerado hacer funcionar el w´ater inculto R3 inmundicia f R3 inmundo R3 jalarle al ba˜no M jofaina f R3 lima f para u˜nas mingitorio m M orinal m palanca f de la cisterna pederse R1∗ pedo m R1∗ plato m de ducha polvera f polvos mpl portarollos m primor m pulcritud f R3 pulcro R3/2 purgarse repugnante R3/2 repulsivo rollo m de papel higi´enico roseta f sonarse tapete m de ba˜no M
unkempt (of beard) filth, trash, rubbish filthy, dirty to flush the lavatory washbasin nail file urinal urinal flush handle to fart fart shower tray powder compact, vanity case face powder toilet paper holder beauty, elegance neatness, tidiness, smartness neat, tidy, smart to take a purge repugnant repulsive roll of toilet paper shower head/rose to blow your nose bath mat
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tirar de la cadena tirarse un cohete R1∗ A tirarse un cuesco R1∗ tirarse un pedo R1∗ tocador m
to flush to fart (loudly)
to fart (loudly) to fart dressing table, boudoir vaso m de noche chamber pot ventilar to ventilate, to air ventosear R3 to break wind Tocado de mujer / woman’s hairdo chinos mpl M curls cola f de caballo pony tail depurar R3 to clean(se) enchinarse el pelo M to perm your hair escarolar to frill, to curl fleco m M bangs, fringe flequillo m bangs, fringe horquilla f hairpin mantilla f mantilla mo˜no m bun peinado m hairdo, coiffure peinecillo m back comb peineta f back comb pelo m enrulado curly hair A/M pelo m rizado curly hair peluca f wig rizarse el pelo to perm your hair rizos mpl curls tocado m hairdo, coiffure
Movimiento de los miembros y gestos / Movement of members and gestures amasar to knead apachurrar A/M to squash apapachar R1 M to cuddle, to embrace apretar to squeeze, to press arrimarse contra to lean up / rest against balancear to swing bracear to wave your arms about brincar de to hop with impaciencia impatience ir de brazo to go arm-in-arm
Ser humano / Human Being
jalar M jalonear M manejar ma˜noso
to pull to tug, to pull to manipulate skillful with the hands ma˜noso R1 M with groping hands (in sexual sense) moler to crush, to grind papirotada f flick of the fingers papirotazo m flick of the fingers patalear to stamp pataleo m stamping patear to kick (out) pateo m kick(ing) recargarse contra M to lean against regresar M to return (something to someone) roce m rub rozar to rub, scrape ser un azogue R3 to be antsy/fidgety sobar to massage tirar de to pull triturar to crush Movimiento de la cabeza / movement of the head cabecear to nod cabeceo m nodding dar cabezadas to nod saltar de cabeza to dive (i.e. into water) Movimientos r´apidos y lentos / quick and slow movements aplauso m cerrado enthusiastic applause batir palmas to applaud (rhythmically to music or slowly in protest) callejear to wander about the streets, to hang around correr a toda casta˜na to race/belt along dar una coz to kick out dar palmas to applaud (rhythmically to music or slowly in protest)
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dar volteretas deambular despedirse a la francesa desperezarse devolverse M encaminarse hacia espabilarse estirarse las piernas forcejear gandulear R1 holgazanear ir a m´as correr ir a todo correr irrumpir (en) levantar el vuelo merodear R3 merodeo m R3 pavonearse R3 pic´arselas R1 A pillarse R1 M pir´arselas R1 poner pies en polvorosa rajarse R2/1 A rebotar (contra) regresar R3/2 regresar(se) M regresar de volada R1 M retacharse R1 M revolotear revoloteo m salir a escape tom´arselas R1 traquetear traqueteo m volcarse voltear volverse
23
to do somersaults to saunter, to stroll to take French leave to stretch (i.e. after sleeping) to go/come back to make your way towards to look lively to stretch your legs to struggle, to flounder about to loaf around to wander aimlessly, to loaf around to rush along to belt along to burst (into) to get moving to maraud marauding to strut, to swagger to clear off to clear off to clear off to beat it to beat it to bounce (off) to come/go back to come/go back to hurry back to return to flutter around (like a bird) fluttering around to race off to beat it to rattle, to jolt rattling, jolting to turn over to roll over, to somersault to turn round
24
Unidad 1 / Unit 1
zascandilear
to fuss a lot, to buzz about uselessly
Meneo / swaying culebrear culebreo m menear(se) meneo m moverse culebreando retorcerse retorcimiento m Impacto / impact agitarse atrabancado R1 M chocar contra choque m colisi´on f colisionar (con/contra) dar contra dar un golpecito a
to wriggle about wriggling about to move, to shake moving, shaking, tossing to wriggle forward to writhe writhing to flutter, to shake clumsy to bang into bang, blow collision to collide (against)
impacto m patoso sacudida f sacudir topar contra torpe tropezar contra
to bang into to pat/tap (something or someone) to trip to pat/tap (someone or something) to smash (into) to bang (against), to hit impact clumsy jolt to shake, to jolt to strike up against clumsy to bang into
Modo de andar / gait bamboleante bambolearse bamboleo m cojear cojo contonearse contoneo m dar tumbos renquear R3 renqueo m R3
reeling to stagger, to reel staggering, reeling to limp lame to sway, to swagger swaying, swaggering to tumble, to lurch to limp, to hobble lurching
dar un traspi´e dar una palmada a estrellarse (contra) impactar (en)
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tambaleante reeling tambalear to stagger, to reel tambaleo m staggering, reeling Varios movimientos / various movements abrazo m embrace afianzarse to steady yourself agarrar to grip agarrotamiento m tightening, strangling agolpamiento m throng, crowding agolparse to bunch together api˜namiento m bunching, crowding together api˜narse to crowd together, to pack in apretar(se) to squeeze (together), to huddle together apret´on m squeeze, hug apretujamiento m (tight) squeeze apretujar(se) to squeeze (together) engarrotamiento tightening, strangling mM sobresaltarse to be startled sobresalto m start sujetar to hold down, to fasten sujeto fastened, secure
Habla / Speech anglohablante mf angloparlante mf
atiplado R3 bisbisar R2/1 bisbisear R2/1 bisbiseo m R2/1 campanudo canturrear canturreo m castellanohablante mf
castellanoparlante mf
English speaker (also adjective: English-speaking) English speaker (also adjective: English-speaking) high-pitched to mutter, to mumble to mutter, to mumble mumbling bombastic, sonorous to hum humming Spanish speaker (also adjective: Spanish-speaking) Spanish speaker (also adjective: Spanish-speaking)
Ejercicios / Exercises
cecear ceceo m decir para su capote departir R3 Dicho y hecho entrecortado entrecortar estent´oreo R3 exclamar falsete m francohablante mf
francoparlante mf
gangoso ganguear germanohablante mf
griter´ıo m guardar silencio hablador hablar como una cotorra hablar hinchadamente hinchado hispanohablante mf
to lisp lisp to say to yourself to converse no sooner said than done faltering (of voice) to cause to falter (voice) Stentorian, booming to exclaim falsetto French speaker (also adjective: French-speaking) French speaker (also adjective: French-speaking) nasal (accent) to talk with a nasal accent German speaker (also adjective: German-speaking) shouting, clamor to keep silent talkative to talk like a parrot to speak pompously pompous, high-flown Spanish speaker (also adjective: Spanish-speaking)
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inflexi´on f R3 murmullo m murmurar musitar R3 oraci´on f oraci´on f f´unebre o´ rgano m de la palabra parlanch´ın pomposo ponerse ronco de tanto hablar relatar R3 un cuento retumbante rezongar R3 rusohablante mf
soltar la tarabilla sonoro sordo como una tapia tararear tarareo m tembloroso tener la lengua suelta vibraci´on f vocablo m R3/2 vocalizaci´on f R3 vocalizar R3 vocear voceo m vocer´ıo m vociferar como un energ´umeno R3 voz f R3
inflexion murmuring to murmur to mumble, to mutter oration, speech funeral oration speech organ talkative pompous to get hoarse through talking too much to relate a story booming to grumble, to mutter Russian speaker (also adjective: Russian-speaking) to be a chatterbox sonorous, booming as deaf as a post to hum humming trembling (of voice) to be talkative vibration word vocalization to vocalize to shout, to cheer shouting, cheering shouting, yelling to scream/vociferate like a madman word
Ejercicios / Exercises Nivel 1 / Level 1 1. (a) Explica la diferencia entre los vocablos de las siguientes parejas acompa˜nante/compa˜nero, a´ nima/´animo, braza/brazo, conducta/conducto, diente/muela, en´ergico/energ´etico, enjuagar/enjugar, labia/labio, lengua/lenguaje, lucido/l´ucido,
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Unidad 1 / Unit 1
mu˜neca/mu˜neco, mover/conmover, ni˜no prodigio/ni˜no pr´odigo, papa/papa (M)/pap´a, picar/pinchar, rodilla/rodillo, secretaria/secretar´ıa (Se encuentra la soluci´on en Internet) (b) Construye frases en las que aparezcan los dos vocablos de cada pareja para ilustrar la diferencia 2. (a) Encuentra dos sentidos de los siguientes vocablos afeitar, ba˜no, brocha, cepillo, curioso, descanso, espuma, grifo, hoja, limpio, raya, sucio, sue˜no, tijeras, trenza (b) Construye frases para ilustrar el uso de estos sentidos 3. (a) Encuentra un sin´onimo (o m´as, si es posible) de los siguientes vocablos cabeza, cara, cardenal, culo, est´omago, mano, nariz, oler, olor, ojo, oreja, pecho, pelo, pierna, tocar, ver (b) Indica el nivel de registro de cada t´ermino (R1∗ , R1, R2, R3) (c) Construye frases para ilustrar el uso de estos sin´onimos 4. (a) Explica el significado de cada una de las siguientes locuciones ¡ojo. . . ! ; no pegar ojo; costar un ojo de la cara; en un abrir y cerrar de ojos; con los ojos cerrados; comer con los ojos; cuatro ojos; ser el ojo derecho (de); ser todos ojos; ojos que no ven, coraz´on que no siente; ser todos o´ıdos; (saber/conocer) de o´ıdas; mirar de reojo; bajar la vista; perder de vista; a p´erdida de vista; a primera vista; a la vista de; echar una vista (a); volver la vista; conocer de vista; hacer la vista gorda; vista de lince; con vistas a; clavar la vista (en); oler a (caf´e/perfume); ir a tientas; dormir el sue˜no de los justos (b) Construye frases para ilustrar el uso de cada una de estas locuciones 5. (a) ¿Qu´e entiendes por las siguientes locuciones? a pedir de boca, ir de bracete, el equipo est´a en cabeza, cobrar/echar carnes, andar a ciegas, hablar por los codos, hacer cosquillas, con la soga al cuello, de todo coraz´on, ir descalzo, tener el est´omago en los pies, gritar a voz en cuello, dicho y hecho, encogerse de hombros, ¡narices!, con el sudor de tu frente, ¡a otro perro con ese hueso!, sin pesta˜near, dejarse la piel (en), tomar el pelo, hablar a tontas y a locas (b) Construye frases para ilustrar el sentido de estas locuciones 6. Traduce al espanol ˜ My skin went all goosepimply She shrugged her shoulders He turned his back on me in the twinkling of an eye He spoke without rhyme or reason I slept like a log My eyes are pricking Achilles’ heel She forced my hand There’s more in that than meets the eye
She gets all tongue tied He came running up out of breath She kicked me in the ass/arse Careful! or you’ll slip up I had the word on the tip of my tongue She arrived with armfuls of food It was so frightening my hair stood on end They make money hand over fist Keep an eye on her (Se encuentra la soluci´on en Internet)
Ejercicios / Exercises
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7. Traduce al espanol ˜ arm lock (in wrestling), arm rest, artificial limb, backhander (in tennis and illicit dealing), brace (for teeth), breast cancer, sore bottom, eye patch, eye socket, eye catching, face lift, face to face, chest pains, denture, dislocated joint, foothold, footloose, mouthwatering, nailbiting finish, hair part(ing), hair curler, head start, tooth filling, knee pad, stiff neck, head rest (Se encuentra la soluci´on en Internet) 8. Te duele el est´omago. Vas al m´edico. Escribe un di´alogo sobre tus s´ıntomas y el remedio que propone el m´edico. Puedes aprovechar los siguientes vocablos dolor, est´omago, n´auseas, mareos, fiebre, flojedad, diarrea, v´omitos, reposo, medicamento, m´edico, enfermera 9. A continuaci´on aparecen una serie de vocablos y una serie de locuciones con una laguna en blanco (a) Adapta los vocablos de la primera lista a las locuciones de la segunda, rellenando las lagunas boca, brazo, cabeza, coraz´on, dedo, mano, oreja, pecho, pico, pie, piel, pierna, vista a . . . juntillas, . . . de puente, saltar a . . . , dormir a . . . suelta, poner . . . en el acelerador, llegar a las . . . , dejarse . . . , no tiene ni . . . ni . . . , a lo hecho . . . , se me hizo . . . agua, buscar tres . . . al gato, quedar . . . abierta, matar a balazos . . . jarro, luchar a . . . partido, estar a dos . . . de, venir como anillo . . . , chuparse . . . , tener un . . . de oro, con las . . . gachas, argumento sin . . . , el equipo va . . . , a . . . cerrados, de . . . a . . . , m´as vale un . . . que dos volando, estirar . . . , tener buen . . . , echar . . . a, tomar a . . . , . . . derecho del presidente, poner los . . . , . . . de turco (b) Construye una frase para ilustrar el uso de cada locuci´on 10. A continuaci´on aparecen una serie de vocablos y una serie de expresiones con espacios en blanco (a) Adapta cada vocablo a una expresi´on alto, delgado, feo, gordo, guapo, limpio, sucio estar a sus . . . , en las . . . horas de la noche, poner un texto en . . . , . . . sentido del deber, ganar el . . . , . . . como un fideo, ir . . . por la vida, ¡oye . . . !, los ladrones le dejaron la casa . . . , pasar por . . . , un asunto poco . . . , desde . . . del a´ rbol, tener la conciencia . . . / . . . , . . . de conciencia, m´as . . . que Picio, bailar con la m´as . . . (b) Construye frases para ilustrar el sentido y uso de cada expresi´on 11. (a) Encuentra un ant´onimo de cada uno de los siguientes vocablos Ejemplo: alto-bajo/chaparro (M) amable, amargo, aseado, a´ spero, blando, cansado, ciego, derecho, desgre˜nado, distinto, echar mano a, encantador, engordar, erguirse, feo, fuerte, garboso, grosero, liso, listo, p´alido, peque˜no, risue˜no, superior
