ZnS Quantum Dots

Download PDF
0 downloads 0 Views 862KB Size Report
Comment
ripening process drives the dissolution of ZnS nuclei in solution and the ..... Jana, N. , Earhart, C. and Ying, J. , "Synthesis of Water-Soluble and Functionalized ...
Invited Paper

=39.+8/8'3*86A,8>:C8:H6C9)=6GB68N .C>K:GH>IND;6HIC6.  'DGL>8= '+-# .$  !! '6CD  6C9  8NIDIDM>8>IN  7:8DB:H  >C8G:6H>CBEDGI6CI  L>I=  6C  >C8G:6H>C<  CJB7:G  D;  EDI:CI>6A  7>D B:9>86A 6EEA>86I>DCH;DGH:B>8DC9J8IDG*J6CIJBDIH*H -=:G:;DG: I=:;G:FJ:CIANJH:99,: 76H:9*H6G:JCHJ>I67A:  H>C8:869B>JB>H6=>8=:6KNB:I6A6C9B6NA:68=DJID;*H 69B>JB ;G::*H=6K:CDI7::C 6K6>A67A:;DG 6ADCB: 7:86JH:I=:HNCI=:H>HD;: < BDCD9>HE:G:H6C9=>C:"C)*H86JH:9B6CN EGD7A:BH 0:G:EDGIDCI=:HNCI=:H>HD;"C) 3C,*HL>I=DEI>86AEGDE:GI>:HH>B>A6GIDI=DH:9>HEA6N:97NINE>86A9,: 3C,*H B6?DG7G:6@ I=GDJI>DCD;O>C8>DCH>CIDI=:G:68I>DCB>MIJG: JGI=:GBDG: I=: IG6CH;:GD;I=:"C) 3C,*HIDL6I:G6C9I=:>G:MEAD>I6I>DC;DG7>D6C6ANI>86A6EEA>86I>DCH6G:G:EDGI:9 "I>HH=DLCI=6I "C) 3C,*H86C7:JH:9IDG:EA68:9,: 76H:9DC:H;DG6ABDHI6CN7>D B:9>86A6EEA>86I>DC +=;47*8*J6CIJBDIH H>A>86 7>DA67:AA>C< E=6H:IG6CH;:G HNCI=:H>HB:I=D9

!"! -=:E=DIDAJB>C:H8:C8:D;I=:H:B>8DC9J8IDGC6CD8GNHI6AH>H=>CGDCB:CI4 5  -=:  HJG;68:  HI6I:H  86C  9DB>C6I:  I=:  :A:8IGDC>8  6C9  DEI>86A  EGDE:GI>:H  D;  I=:  H:B>8DC9J8IDG  C6CD8GNHI6AH  L=:C >CI:G;:G>CI=I=:A6II>8::C:G8A: I=:3C,H=:AAD;;:GH6BJ8=L>9:G :C:G96I>DC 45  -=:FJ6A>IND;I=:3C, H=:AA9:I:GB>C:HI=: FJ6CIJB:;;>8>:C8ND;I=:"C)C6CD8GNHI6A ADL FJ6CIJB:;;>8>:C8N>C9>86I:H6C>C=DBDC>C8A:HDG>C6I:H;GDBI=:8DDG9>C6I>DCHIG:CHB6I8= D;86EE>CH6G:EA68:B:CIG:68I>DC>CL=>8=I=:"C)*HHJG;68:A>C:HD;"C)6C93C,>I>H6AHDBDG:9>;;>8JAIID;DGB6C>CI:GB:9>6I:A6N:GID;>AAI=:=DA:H AAI=: G:EDGI:98DG: H=:AA"C) 3C,E6GI>8A:HEG:E6G:9>CHIGDCC6I>C@:-()(6EE:6G:9ID=6K:HJ8= JCHI67A:H=:AAH4 5 -=:CADLFJ6CIJB:;;>8>:C8ND;"C)*H 7:86JH:D;I=:A6II>8:B>HB6I8=4 5 (JGHIJ9N9:BDCHIG6I:9I=:HJG;68:86EE>CA>IND;O>C886G7DCMNA6I:H9JG>CDCD;I=:"C) *H45 -=:86EE>C9:6;6HI6C9=DBDCB:=6H7::CH=DGI:C:9;GDB=DJGH DC:96N9DLCID B>CJI:H -=:6H EG:E6G:9"C) 3C,*H=69FJ6CIJBN>:A9HD;BDG:I=6C 6C9=>86AHI67>A>IN L=>8=L:G:8ADH:ID INE>86AE6HH>K6I:99,: 3C,*H -=:>GE=DIDAJB>C:H8:C8:>CI:CH>ING:B6>C:9HI67A:9JG>CDC;DG6EEA>86I>DCH45 ,>A>86:C86EHJA6I>DCD;C6CDE6GI>8A:H=6H7::CH::C6HDC:D;I=:BDHI9:H>G67A:B:I=D9H;DGL6I:GIG6CH;:G6C9 ;JC8I>DC6A>H6I>DC;DGB6CNN:6GH ,>A>86>H6CDC IDM>8 IG6CHE6G:CI 8GDHH A>C@:9 :6HNID;JC8I>DC6A>H:B6I:G>6A DI= I=: HNCI=:H>H  D;  I=>C 4  5 6C9  I=>8@  H>A>86  H=:AAH 4  5 =6H  7::C  9:H8G>7:9  >C  I=:  A>I:G6IJG:  ;DG  B6CN  INE:H  D; C6CDE6GI>8A:H ':K:GI=:A:HH H>A>86:C86EHJA6I>DCD;"C) 3C,*J6CIJBDIHL>I=I=>8@H>A>86H=:AAH=6H7::CG:EDGI:9 DCANG:8:CIAN7NDJGCH>A>86H=:AAHCDI6I6AA -=:EG:H:CIE6E:G9:BDCHIG6I:HI=:6EEA>86I>DCD;H>A>86 

I C6CCJ:6 68 J@E=DC:  ;6M  

LLL J:6 68 J@ 86E E:DEA: ;68JAIN IC Colloidal Quantum Dots for Biomedical Applications IV, edited by Marek Osinski, Thomas M. Jovin, Kenji Yamamoto, Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7189, 718902 · © 2009 SPIE · CCC code: 1605-7422/09/$18 · doi: 10.1117/12.816892

Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7189 718902-1

:C86EHJA6I>DCI:8=C>FJ:HDCAJB>C:H8:CI"C) 3C,*H +:8:CIAN H:K:G6A6GI>8A:H67DJI9,: 3C,6C99-:*H8D6I:9L>I=    ,6C9>IH 9:C6IJG6I:9;DGB9,6HHI67>A>H>CCH=:94  5 -=:B6?DG69K6CI6CH I=6I>I >H  BD9:G6I:AN  HDAJ7A:  >C  8DC8:CIG6I:9  H6AI  HDAJI>DCH  6C9  H:GK:H  6H  86GG>:G  ;DG  BDA:8JA:H  D;  ADL  L6I:G  HDAJ7>A>IN &DG:DK:G>I>H>C:ME:CH>K:6C97:6GH6A6G:IND;;G::;JC8I>DC6AHLDG@L6HBDI>K6I:97NILD;68IDGH ;>GHI I=:C:8:HH>IN;DGHNHI:B6I>8HIJ9ND;I=::A:8IGDE=DG:I>8EGDE:GI>:HD;L6I:G9>HE:GH>7A:*HID:MEA6>C:BE>G>86A D7H:GK6I>DCH !DL:K:G I=:JH:D;9,:6C99-:C6CDE6GI>8A:H8DJA97:A>B>I:99J:IDI=:>GEDI:CI>6A8NIDIDM>8>IN I=:G:;DG: I=::MEAD>I6I>DCD;CDC IDM>8"C) 3C,*H;DG7>D >B6CH:HH:CI>6A "C) 3C,*H=6K:A>IN ADL

IDM>8>IN8DBE6G:9L>I=DI=:G*9H 45 -=>HLDG@9>HEA6NHI=:7>D8DC?JDCD;"C) 3C,*HID, I=>H8DBEA:M L6H8=6G:8I:G>H:9JH>C86AI:8=C>FJ:HHJ8=6H9NC6B>8A>CJB  8=ADG>9:    A9G>8= "C9>JB68:I6I:  A9G>8= 3>C89>:I=NA9>I=>D86G76B6I:  A9G>8=6C98N8AD=:MNA>HDI=>D8N6C6I: A9G>8=L:G:JH:9L>I=DJIEJG>;>86I>DC "C)C6CD8GNHI6AHEG:E6G6I>DC BC9>JB"""8=ADG>9: BBDA BC:  B868>96C9  BC8JC9:8NA:C6I:L:G:699:9>CID6 BA;A6H@L>I=BA( -=:  HDAJI>DC  L6H  =:6I:9  ID   

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

GEB;DGB>CIDEG:8>E>I6I:I=:C6CD8GNHI6AH -=:EG:8>E>I6I:L6H8DAA:8I:96C9G: 9>HE:GH:9>CIDAJ:C: .'8+  97'38,+7  4,  3&3  8  :8/3-  '  8/1/)'2'4341'=+7 "C  6  INE>86A  EGD8:9JG:  

 VA  D;  6    & 6B>CDEGDENAIG>B:I=D9NH>A6C:6C9 VAD;6 &B:G86EIDEGDENAIG>B:I=DMNH>A6C:HDAJI>DC>CIDAJ:C:L:G:B>M:96C9 9>AJI:9L>I=

VAD;IDAJ:C: 

VAD;I=:67DK:"C) 3C,HID8@HDAJI>DCL:G:699:96C9JAIG6HDC>86I:96I T;DG B>CJI:H -=:EGD9J8IL6H8:CIG>;JI=B:I=6CDA;DGI=G::I>B:H >C6AAN I=:E6GI>8A:HL:G:9>HHDAK:9>C 68:I6I:7J;;:GE! .'8+97'38,+74,3&3 8:8/3-'9./)08/1/)'8.+11EG:K>DJHANEJ7A>H=:9EGD8:9JG:L6HJH:9IDHNCI=:H>H:6 I=>8@ H>A>86  H=:AA 45  G>:;AN 6  B>MIJG:  D;  I=:  9:I:GA>86I: W V% 6C9"C) 3C,C6CD8GNHI6AH

V%L:G:B>M:96C9I=: G:68I>DCL6HHI6GI:97NI=:699>I>DCD;6BBDC>6 W

V% ;I:G;JGI=:GHI>GG>CA>86 8D6I:9 E6GI>8A:HL:G:EG:8>E>I6I:97N699>I>DCD;68:IDC:6C9L6H=:9L>I=7JI6CDAB%6C9:I=6CDAB% 6C9;>C6AAN G:9>HE:GH:9>C:I=6CDAB% .'8+97'38,+74,3&3 8-NE>86AAN 

V%D;"C) 3C,*H 9>HE:GH:9>C( L:G:L6H=:9L>I=IDAJ:C: ;DAADL:97N8:CIG>;JDC;DG B>CJI:H -=:HJE:GC6CI6CIL6HEG:8>E>I6I:9L>I=I=G::I>B:H>IHKDAJB:D;:I=6CDA "C) 3C,*HL:G:G:9>HE:GH:9>C

V%&6C96C:M8:HHD;I=:A>868>9&!L6H 699:9 -=:H6BEA:HL:G:=:6I:9ID T6C9A:;IIDHI>GDK:GC>:I=NA:I=:G6C9;:L9GDEHD;68:IDC:L:G: 699:9IDEG:8>E>I6I:I=:L6I:GHDAJ7A:"C) 3C,*H -=:*HL:G:8:CIG>;JCJI:H6I

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

/ 6V%6A>FJDID;I=:H6BEA:L6HB>M:9L>I=V%>C8J76I>DC7J;;:G >BB:GH:9>C7D>A>CCJI:H 6C9I=:B>MIJG:L6H>C?:8I:9>CIDI=:L:AAH -=:,,GJCC>C86AH@>IL:G:EJG8=6H:9;GDB,>8=  :GB6CN 22:34'88'= V%D;"C) 3C, &C6CDE6GI>8A:HL:G:>C8J76I:9;DG=DJGH6IGDDBI:BE:G6IJG:L>I=

V%D; EGDI:>C ;GDBHIG:EID8D88JHHE:8>:HB< B%),L=>8=L6HEGDK>9:9;GDB>D8=>B>@6 I=:C9>6ANH:96CHI-G>H C:7J;;:G JH>CDCD;I=:EGDI:>C8D6I:9C6CDE6GI>8A:H L6H>BB:9>6I:ANB>M:9L>I=

V%D;CI> = "< HDAJI>DCB< B% EJG8=6H:9;GDB,>8= 6C9>C8J76I:9 ;DG=DJG6IT I=:HDAJI>DCL6H9>6ANH:9;DG=DJGHID:A>B>C6I:I=::M8:HH6CI>7D9>:H C>IGD8:AAJADH:HIG>EL6H EJG8=6H:9;GDB"CK>IGDBBJCD6HH6N >;;:G:CI8DC8:CIG6I>DCHD;I=:6CI>C>CEL6H>C8J76I:9;DG=G>C67AD8@>CDC, D -L::C 6C9 B&-G>H!AE!  -=:HIG>EL6HI=:C>C8J76I:9;DG=DJGH>CI=:6CI>7D9N C6CDE6GI>8A:H HDAJI>DCI=6IL6H9>AJI:9I>B:HL>I= -L::C -=:C I=:HIG>EL6HL6H=:9L>I=-G>H7J;;:GHDAJI>DC8DCI6>C>C
EL6H9:K:ADE:9>CB>CJI:HL>I=6H>AK:G9:K:ADE:GHDAJI>DC8DCI6>C>CO:G3,&6AK:GC"CHIGJB:CIH &6AK:GC .$ ,6BEA:HL:G:B:6HJG:9>C-G>H C:7J;;:G

 "!  "



  =39.+8/84,3&3 :'39:2498 -=:;>GHIO>C8A6N:GDCIDED;I=:"C)8DG:H>HI=:@:N;DGI=:H=:AA>CC:GID 6A -=:O>C886G7DMNA6I:H86EE:9"C)*H=6K:I=:69K6CI69:6C:6HNGDJI:;DG I=:;>GHIH=:AACCG:8IHJG;68:CJ8A:6I>DC "CI=:>C>I>6AHI6C88DBEDJC9BDA:8JA:H>CHDAJI>DC86C6AHDG:68IL>I=HJA;JGEG:8JGHDGHID;DGB3C,CJ8A:> "I>H 6AHD EDHH>7A:I=6II=:CJ8A:>DCI=:"C)8GNHI6AHJG;68:HL>AA7:BDG:;6HI6C9HI67A:I=6CI=DH:>CHDAJI>DC -=:(HIL6A9 G>E:C>CK:HI=:9>HHDAJI>DCD;3C,CJ8A:>>CHDAJI>DC6C9 I=: G: I=6BDG:8GNHI6AA>C:HJG;68:G:HJAI>CBDG:HI67A:6C9=DBDCC;6HIH=:AACK:ANADLI:BE:G6IJG: I=:N86C:M8=6CCH>BE:G6I>K:ID:M8=6CI6I>DCD;I=:H: E6GI>8A:H>C;>:A9HHJ8=6H7>D>B6CD B:9>86A6EEA>86I>DCH>CHE:GH>7A: -=:G:6G: ILD  B6?DG  HI67>A>H6I>DC  B:8=6C>HBH  ;DG  C6CDE6GI>8A:H  >C  6FJ:DJH  HDAJI>DC  HI:G>8  HI67>A>H6I>DC  6C9  :A:8IGDHI6I>8 HI67>A>H6I>DC "C86H:D;HI:G>8HI67>A>H6I>DC 6HEG:K:CI:97N7JA@NA>@:EDANB:GH  9G6L768@  D;  I=>H  HI67>A>H6I>DC  B:I=D9  >C8AJ9:H  I=:  ;68I  I=6I  7JA@N  A>O:  D;  I=: C6CDE6GI>8A:H A:8IGDHI6I>86AANHI67>A>H:9C6CDE6GI>8A:H7:6G8=6G8=EG:K:CI6DC 9>H69K6CI6HB:I=D9>HI=6I:A:8IGDHI6I>8HI67>A>H6I>DC9:E:C9HHIGDCDC>8 HIG:CDC6C9>HI=JHBDHIANCDI6EEA>867A:;DG7>DAD86AH6BEA:H -=>HIG69: D;;7:IL::CH>O:6C9 8=6GHBDHIANDEI>B6A;DG6B>M:9HDAJI>DC L=:G:8=6GCILDL6NH;>GHI :M8=6CDCD;I=:DG>C6AA>DCD;8=6GHD;6C699>I>DC6A8DK6A:CIANA>C@:9H=:AA -=:699>I>DC6AH=:AA86C6AHD7: 6BDCD A6N:G C 7DI=B:I=D9H=6K:69K6CI6H69K6CI6HI=JH69NC6B>8EGD8:HH H68DCH:FJ:C8: A>B6C< (CI=:DI=:G=6C9 8DK6A:CIAN7DJC9H=:AAH6G:9>;;>8JAIID7:EG:E6G:96HK:GNI=>CH=:AAH 6C9 I=:G:HJAI>C8A:HI:C9ID7:A6G867A:L>I="C) 3C,*J6CIJBDIH 7JIL:EG:;:GI=: 8DK6A:CIB:I=D9H;DGI=:G:6HDCHB:CI>DC:967DK: -LDB:I=D9H;DGI=:HI67>A>H6I>DCD;"C) 3C,C6CDE6GI>8A:H>C6FJ:DJHHDAJI>DC6G:9:H8G>7:9I=:HNCI=:H>HD;

Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7189 718902-5

6C:MIG:B:ANI=>C6C9;JC8I>DC6A>H:9H>A>86A6N:G6C9I=:EG:E6G6I>DCD;"C) 3C, H>A>868DG: H=:AA H=:AAC6CDE6GI>8A:H DI= B:I=D9H9>;;:G>CC6IJG:H>C8:I=>CH=:AAH6G:EG:E6G:9>C6=DBD8@H=:AAH6G:INE>86AAN HNCI=:H>H:9>CB>8GD:BJAH>DCH -=:;>GHIB:I=D9>H76H:9DC6EGD8:9JG:L=:G:7> ;JC8I>DC6AH>A6C:H6G:69HDG7:96C9 8GDHHA>C@:9DCI=:HJG;68:D;C6CDE6GI>8A:H7NI=:GB6A68I>K6I>DCDG76H:86I6ANHI4 5 -=:HNCI=:H>HEGD8:9JG:>H H8=:B6I>86AAN9:H8G>7:9>C;><  ,8=:B6I>89:H8G>EI>DCD;I=:HNCI=:H>HD;6;JC8I>DC6AH>A>86BDCDA6N:GDCIDED;"C) 3C,*H;>GHI *HL:G:9>HHDAK:9>C 6CDC EDA6GHDAK:CIHJ8=6HIDAJ:C:6C9B:G86EIDEGDENAIG>HB:I=DMNH>A6C:&),6C96B>CDEGDENAIG>HB:I=DMNH>A6C:), L:G:  699:9 -=:C  EDANB:G>H6I>DC  L6H  >C>I>6I:9  7N =:6I>CI>DC D;  6 76H: 86I6ANHI -=: G:HJAI>C<  *H 7DG:  6C 699>I>DC6AH>A>86BDCDA6N:G6C96B>C: GHJG;68: NC6B>8A>CDC6A>H:9 "C) 3C,*H>C68:I6I:7J;;:GE!=N9GD9NC6B>89>6B:I:G6EEGDM  CB 

-=:G:HJAI>C< ;JC8I>DC6A>H:9"C) 3C,*J6CIJBDIH7:6G6K:GNI=>CH>A>86H=:AA6C9I=:;JC8I>DC6AC  I=:  7> ;JC8I>DC6A  H>A6C:  "C) 3C,  C6CD6E6GI>8A:H  86C  7:  :6H>AN  ;JC8I>DC6A>H:9  L>I=  9>;;:G:CI  O ),>CI=::M6BEA:67DK: )DHH>7A:;JC8I>DC6AC8AJ9:EDAN:I=NA:C:;;:G:CIEDAN:A:A:8IGDANI:H6C9DI=:GH -=:=N9GD9NC6B>89>6B:I:GD;6B>C:;JC8I>DC6A>H:9E6GI>8A:H=6H7::C B:6HJG:9ID7:67DJI CB8; >HINE:D;8DK6A:CI;JC8I>DC6A>H6I>DC6AADLH;DGI=:EG:E6G6I>DCD; C6CDE6GI>8A:HL>I=H>B>A6G9>6B:I:GH6HD7I6>C:97NA>A>86H=:AAHB>G67A:;DG6EEA>86I>DCHHJ8=6HH:CHDGH BJAI>;JC8I>DC6AC6CDHNHI:BHDG9GJ< 9:A>K:GN45 >8A:H=6K:6C6K:G66B:I:GD;6EEGDM>B6I:AN CB >:HI:G & 6I:CIH8=J@   >C9:A: - '6CC ,>A>86

8D6I:9  "C) 3C,  C6CD8GNHI6AH  6H  8DCK:GI:G  B6I:G>6A  >C  L=>I:  %H              DENG>A:N /!/:GA6I=E:GB>HH>DC45

Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7189 718902-6

'6CDE6GI>8A:H 6H 9>HEA6N:9  >C ;>C 6L6I:G >C D>AB>8GD:BJAH>DC -=:DK:G6AA 9>6B:I:G D; I=: C6CDE6GI>8A:H86C7:69?JHI:97NIJC>CD -=:DJI:GHJG;68:D;I=:E6GI>8A:H86C7:;J8I>DC6A>H:9 HJ7H:FJ:CIIDHNCI=:H>HDG7N699>I>DCD;7> ;JC8I>DC6AH>A6C:HD;I=:INE:JH:9>CI=:6EEGD68=9:H8G>7:967DK:  /4'3'1=9/)'1'551/)'9/438:8/3-3&3 :'39:2498 *J6CIJB9DIH6G:EGDB>H>CGJC>FJ:8DB7>C6I>DCD;E=NH>8D8=:B>86A 6C9  DEI>86A  EGDE:GI>:H 45  &DG:DK:G  *H  EDHH:HH  =>DH  6C9  I=:>G  H>O:H  86C  7:  :6H>AN 8DCIGDAA:9 B6@>CCI:G;68>CI=7>DAD86AHNHI:BH45 JGI=:GBDG: *H;AJDG:H8:C8:>H >CIG>CH>8 7G>CI=7J>AI >C>B6CDC6A>INI=6I:M8::9HI=:H:CH>I>K>IN6C9 =>DC86E67>A>IND;DG89N:H +:8:CIAN 6L>9:K6G>6I>DCD;7>D8DC?JDCI:8=C>FJ:H=6H7::C6EEA>:9ID HJ88:HH;JAAN8DJEA:68I>K:EGDI:>CHID*HJG;68:H4  5 H9:H8G>7:967DK: "C) 3C,C6CDE6GI>8A:H6G:EG:E6G:9>C6CDG8HDAK:CI6C9=6K:6A6N:GD;=N9GDE=D7>8 DG8A>GHJG;68: L=>8=G:C9:GHI=:B=N9GDE=D7>86C9CDC9>HE:GH>7A:>CL6I:G DCH:FJ:CIAN I=:H: E6GI>8A:H6G:CDIHJ>I67A:;DG6CN7>DAD86A6EEA>86I>DCH45 "CDG9:GIDG:C9:GI=:H:E6GI>8A:H=N9GDE=>A>8 I=:DG8 HJG;68:  A>:H  HJ8=  6H  &:G86EIDJC9:86CD>8  68>9  6C9  

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

><   ,, ) ;DG"C) 3C, ,*HEJG>;>:97N6BBDC>JBH6AIEG:8>E>I6I>DC %:;IDC:MEDHJG:ID./A>C>CI=8DDB6HH>:7AJ:

                   %>C<  B:I=D9H  C >C8G:6H>CCI:G:HI>CC6CDH8>:C8:HDL>CG:6HN:ME:G>B:CI6AH:I JE H=DGIB:6HJG:B:CII>B:H 6C9=>8:HI=6I6AADLI=:B:6HJG:B:CID;D7?:8IH7:ADL CB9>6B:I:G B6?DG9G6L768@D;I=:A>CHI=:DK:G:HI>B6I>DCD;8D68A:H86JH:97NCDC A>C:6G+6NA:>C< -=:G:;DG: %,  B:6HJG:B:CIH  D;I:C  H=DL  6  EDDG  G:EGD9J8>7>A>IN  6C9  HDB:I>B:H  9>;;:G  ;GDB  I=:  G:HJAIH  D7I6>C:9  JH>C<  DI=:G B:I=D9H DCH:FJ:CIAN I=:%,G:HJAIHI=:BH:AK:HH=DJA97:=6C9A:9L>I=86G:6C9BJHI7:76H:9DCG:EGD9J8>7A:

Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7189 718902-7

:ME:G>B:CIH >HEA6NI=:G:HJAIHD;9>;;:G:CIANA>A>IN>CIG>H C:7J;;:GI=6CI=:,8D6I:9"C) 3C,*H I=>H8DJA97::MEA6>C:97NI=: C:K:8=6G<  NC6B>8A>C8G69>JH7:A:8IGDE=DG:I>8BD7>A>IN -67A: H=DLHI=::M68IK6AJ:HD;:68=H6BEA:B:6HJG:97N%,

.=*732

8A:HL:G:8DC?JC ) ;GDBHIG:EID8D88JHHE:8>:H -=:8=D>8:ID JH:I=>HEGDI:>CL6H76H:9DC>IHC>INIDBDHIB6BB6A>6C"< H ) 7>C9HL>I=INIDH:K:G6A"< HJ78A6HH:HHJ8=6H=JB6C"< BDJH:"< 6C9G6I"< 45 -=:) 8D6I:9C6CDE6GI>8A:HL:G:9>6ANH:96CHI-G>H

C:7J;;:G;DG=DJGH ID:A>B>C6I::M8:HHEGDI:>CE6GI>8A:H 6C9ID6KD>9CDCHE:8>;>8>CI:G68I>DCH -=:CI> = "< ;JC8I>DC6A>H:9"C) 3C,C6CDE6GI>8A:HL:G:EJG>;>:9;GDB;G::CI> = "< 7N9>6ANH>H;DG=DJGHI=>HB:6CHI=6II=: CI>7D9N CI>CI:G68I>DCHDCI=:C>IGD8:AAJADH:HIG>EL:G:76H:9DCI=:EG:H:C8:D;I=:CI> = "< 7>D8DC?J8A:H L=>8=L:G:JH:9HJ88:HH;JAAN;DGI=:9:I:8I>DCD;= "< DCI=:C>IGD8:AAJADH:HIG>E>IGD8:AAJADH:HIG>EL6HHI6>C:9L>I=H>AK:GC>IG6I:L=>8=7>C9HIDI=:6CI>7D9N 6CI>IGD8:AAJADH:HIG>E ;>H6H8=:B6I>8>AAJHIG6I>DCD;I=:>BBJCD6HH6N ;>AK:GHI6>C:9C>IGD8:AAJADH: HIG>E

1mm u noas say Anti-IgG attached to InP/ZnS QDs Antibody-Antigen interaction

.0 ><  6,8=:B6I>8>AAJHIG6I>DCD;>BBJCD6HH6N 7'>IGD8:AAJADH:HIG>E6;I:GHI6>C>CI= H>AK:GC>IG6I:HDAJI>DC

Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7189 718902-8

"  0:=6K:9:BDCHIG6I:9I=6I"C) 3C,*J6CIJBDIH86C7:HNCI=:H>H:97NJH>CI>DCB:I6AH6AIEG:;:G67ANO>C8 ID;DHI:GCJ8A:6I>DC 688:A:G6I:C6I:I=:DJI:GHJG;68:D;I=:G:HJAI>CH:97NI=>HB:I=D9 9>HEA6NDEI>86AEGDE:GI>:H8DBE6G67A:L>I=I=DH:@CDLC;DG9,: 76H:9*H "I=6H7::CH=DLC I=6IE=6H:IG6CH;:GD;"C) 3C,*H86C7:E:G;DGB:97NHNCI=:H>HD;:>I=:G6H>A>86BDCD

A6N:GDG6I=>8@:GH>A>86H=:AADCIDED;I=:*H DI=B:I=D9HG:HJAI>CL6I:G9>HE:GH>7A:6C9:6HNID;JC8I>DC6A>H:=>C:H8:CIC6CDE6GI>8A:H >C6AAN  L:  =6K:  H=DLC  I=6I  "C) 3C,  *H  86C  7:  8D6I:9  L>I=  EGDI:>CH  BDG:  HE:8>;>86AAN  7DK>C:  H:GJB 6A7JB>C:L>I=DJIADH>CGDEI>86AEGDE:GI>:H -=:G:HJAI>CD6C6ANI>8H "C8DC8AJH>DC L:=6K:H=DLCI=:L=DA:8=6>C;GDBHNCI=:H>HD;=>IN"C) 3C,*H DK:GHJG;68: 9:G>K6I>H6I>DCID:MEAD>I6I>DCD;I=:H:E6GI>8A:H>C7>D6C6ANH>H 0:7:A>:K:I=6I"C) 3C,*H86CG:EA68:I=:;G:FJ:CIAN JH:99,:DC:H>CEG68I>86AAN6CN7>D6C6ANI>86A6EEA>86I>DC

$! ,&I=6C@HI=:CC::G>C86A,8>:C8:H+:H:6G8=DJC8>A),+ ;DG ;>C6C8>6AHJEEDGI ,1I=6C@HI=: :GB6C  &>C>HIGN  ;DG  9J86I>DC  6C9  +:H:6G8=  &  ;DG  ;>C6C8>6A  HJEEDGI  L>I=>C  I=:  EGD?:8I  %.()%1  $3 ' AA6JI=DGHI=6C@I=:.C>K:GH>IND;6HIC6.;DGC6C8>6AHJEEDGI

 45 $6ANJO=CN    6C9  &JGG6N  +   %>86A  EGDE:GI>:H  D;  9,:  C6CD8GNHI6AH # )=NH =:B      

 45 ,E6C=:A %  !66H: &  0:AA:G !  6C9!:CC   )=DID8=:B>HIGND;DAAD>96A,:B>8DC9J8IDGH  ,JG;68:&D9>;>86I>DC6C9,I67>A>IND;,IGDCC:H8>C8A:H # B =:B ,D8     45 %6C9:H   JG96   G6JC &  6C9A ,6N:9 &  )=DIDAJB>C:H8:C8:D;9,:C6CDE6GI>8A:H>CI=: EG:H:C8:D;6=DA:688:EIDGC 7JINA6B>C: # )=NH =:B    

 45 #6C<   #JC ,  =JC< 2 6C9)J %  ,JG;68:IG:6IB:CIID:C=6C8:I=:FJ6CIJB:;;>8>:8ND;H:B>8DC9J8IDG C6CD8GNHI6AH # )=NH =:B    



 45 #6H>CH@> #  %:EE:GI /  %6B ,   >7HDC   '6J@6 $  26C<  6C93=DJ 3  +6E>9DM>96I>DCD;"C) C6CDE6GI>8A:H>C6>G ,DA>9,I6I:DBB   

 45 =6G6A>   %J8:N   #6N6@JB6G !  )J96K6G ! 6C9)G6H69 )  DA6I: G:8:EIDG B:9>6I:99:A>K:GND;"C) FJ6CIJB  9DIH  ;DG  7>D>B6C<  JH>C<  8DC;D86A  6C9  ILD E=DIDC  B>8GDH8DEN # B =:B ,D8   

 45 !6J7DA9  ,   !66H:  &   $DGCDLH@>    6C9  0:AA:G  !   ,IGDCC:H8:CI  "C) 3C,  8DG: H=:AA C6CDE6GI>8A:H =:BE=NH8=:B  

 45 %6CC %  =G:C;G:JC9   %>;H=>IO   &>8>8 ( 6C9'DO>@   DAAD>96A"C) 3C,8DG:

H=:AA  C6CD8GNHI6AH  HIJ9>:9  7N  A>C:6GAN  6C9  8>G8JA6GAN  EDA6G>O:9  E=DIDAJB>C:H8:C8: =:B )=NH   

 45 1>: +  6II66 + 6C9):C< 1  DAAD>96A"C)C6CD8GNHI6AH6H:;;>8>:CI:B>II:GH8DK:G>CC;G6G:9 ,1H:GK>8:H6I. # B =:B ,D8   

 4 5 )GDI>:G:  &   6C9  +:>HH  )   B>C: >C9>J8:9  :A:G #  6C9'6CC -  +6E>9HNCI=:H>HD;=>C:H8:CI"C)6C9"C) 3C,C6CD8GNHI6AH  #

Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7189 718902-9

&6I:G =:B   

 45 3>:HI:G   6I:CIH8=J@ &   >C9:A:   6C9'6CC -  ,>A>86 D6I:9 "C) 3C,'6CD8GNHI6AH6HDCK:GI:G&6I:G>6A>C0=>I:%H 9K &6I:G     

 45 +>:HJ6A>O>CCL>I=%JB>C:H8:CI '6CDGD9H # '6CDH8> '6CDI:8=CDA   

 45 #6C6 '  6G=6GI   6C92>C< #  ,NCI=:H>HD;06I:G ,DAJ7A:6C9JC8I>DC6A>O:9'6CDE6GI>8A:H7N,>A>86 D6I>C< =:B &6I:G     

 45 '6CC - 6C9&JAK6C:N )  ,>CC,E=:G>86A,>A>86)6GI>8A:H CA>868D6I:9FJ6CIJB9DIH6C:LIDDA;DG :A:8IGD8=:B>86A6C9DEI>86ADC &>8GD8=>B>868I6  

 45 &>8=6A:I 1  )>C6J9    :CIDA>A6 %   -H6N # &  DDH: ,  %> # #  ,JC96G:H6C   0J  &  6B7=>G , , 6C90:>HH ,  *J6CIJBDIH;DG%>K::AAH >C/>KD"B6C< 6C9>68H ,8>:C8:    

 45 DA9B6C  +  6A>6C    &6IIDJHH> !  $JCD & $  &6JGD # &  -G6C ) - 6C9C9:GHDC  )  K>9>CC7HE'6IJG6AG>97D9NDC?J86C =:B>86A ,D8>:IN  

 45 %>J ! 2 6C9/J - *  "9:CI>;>86I>DCD;*J6CIJBDI>D8DC?JCD AD86A>O6I>DC7N !N7G>9 :AADII>C< '6CD%:II:GH    

 45 )>C6J9   $>C<   &DDG: ! 6C90:>HH ,  >D68I>K6I>DC6C9:AA-6GC8DC9J8IDG9,: 3C, '6CD8GNHI6AHL>I=)=NID8=:A6I>C +:A6I:9):EI>9:H #DJGC6AD;I=:B:G>86C=:B>86A,D8>:IN  

 4 5 =A:GI  (   R8@>C<  0   +>:I=  &  J6C !  &D=H  & 6C9'>: ,  >D8DC?JCK>KDBDA:8JA6G6C9 8:AAJA6G>B6C< 9K6C8:9GJK:GN+:K>:LH   



Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7189 718902-11