Dynamic Inequalities for Convex Functions ...

Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics, 2017, 5, 2360-2370 http://www.scirp.org/journal/jamp ISSN Online: 2327-4379 ISSN Print: 2327-4352

Dynamic Inequalities for Convex Functions Harmonized on Time Scales Muhammad Jibril Shahab Sahir University of Sargodha, Sub-Campus Bhakkar, Bhakkar, Pakistan

How to cite this paper: Sahir, M.JibrilS. (2017) Dynamic Inequalities for Convex Functions Harmonized on Time Scales. Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics, 5, 2360-2370. https://doi.org/10.4236/jamp.2017.512193 Received: November 1, 2017 Accepted: December 26, 2017 Published: December 29, 2017 Copyright © 2017 by author and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access

Abstract We present here some general fractional Schlömilch’s type and Rogers-Hölder’s type dynamic inequalities for convex functions harmonized on time scales. First we present general fractional Schlömilch’s type dynamic inequalities and generalize it for convex functions of several variables by using Bernoulli’s inequality, generalized Jensen’s inequality and Fubini’s theorem on diamond-α calculus. To conclude our main results, we present general fractional Rogers-Hölder’s type dynamic inequalities for convex functions by using general fractional Schlömilch’s type dynamic inequality on diamond-α calculus for n 1 pi > 1 with ∑ < 1 . p i =1 i

Keywords Delta, Nabla and Diamond-α Time Scales, Fractional Integral Inequalities

1. Introduction In the following, we present a result proved by Mitrinović and Pečarić as given in [1] and ([2], p. 235).

Theorem 1. Let gi ∈ G ( fi , k ) for

( i = 1, 2 ) be a class, where fi ( x ) for ( i = 1, 2 ) are continuous functions and f 2 ( x ) > 0 implies g 2 ( x ) > 0 for every x ∈ [ a, b ] and gi : [ a, b ] →  are represented by = gi ( x ) :

b

y, ∀x ∈ [ a, b ] , i ∫ k ( x, y ) fi ( y ) d=

1, 2,

a

where k ( x, y ) is nonnegative arbitrary kernel. Consider w ( x ) ≥ 0 for every

x ∈ [ a, b ] . Let F :  0+ =

[0, ∞ ) → 

be a convex and increasing function, then

the following inequality holds DOI: 10.4236/jamp.2017.512193

Dec. 29, 2017

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics

M. Jibril S. Sahir b  g1 ( x )   f ( y) w x F x ≤ F 1 d   ( ) ∫ ∫  g2 ( x )   f2 ( y ) a a    b

  s ( y ) dy ,  

(1)

where, b

= s ( y ) : f2 ( y ) ∫

w ( x ) k ( x, y ) g2 ( x )

a

dx, ∀y ∈ [ a, b ] , g 2 ( x ) ≠ 0.

Next we present a result on diamond-α calculus, as given in [3].

Theorem 2. Let 1 , 2 be two time scales, and a, b ∈ 1 ; c, d ∈ 2 ; k ( x, y )

is a kernel function with x ∈ [ a, b ] , y ∈ [ c, d ] ; k is continuous function from 2 1 + [0, ∞ ) . Consider [ a, b] × [c, d ] into = 0 1

2

= K ( x) :

d

∫ k ( x, y ) ◊α y, ∀x ∈ [ a, b] . 1

c

We assume that K ( x ) > 0 , ∀x ∈ [ a, b ] . Consider f : [ c, d ] →  continuous,

and the ◊α -integral operator function

1

2

d

∫ k ( x, y ) f ( y ) ◊α y, ∀x ∈ [ a, b] .

= g ( x) :

1

c

+ Consider also the weight function w : [ a, b ]T →  0 , which is continuous. 1 b w ( x ) k ( x, y ) Define further the function s ( y) : ∫ = ◊α x, ∀y ∈ [ c, d ]T . Let I denote 2 K ( x) a

any of ( 0, ∞ ) or [ 0, ∞ ) , and F : I →  be a convex and increasing function. In particular, we assume that

f

( [ c, d ] ) ⊆ I . T2

Then b

 g ( x) 

d

a



c

∫ w ( x ) F  K ( x )  ◊α x ≤ ∫s ( y ) F ( f ( y ) ) ◊α y. 

(2)

We extend these results on time scale calculus. In this paper, it is assumed that all considerable integrals exist and are finite and  is a time scale, a, b ∈ 

with a < b and an interval with the given time scale.

[ a, b]

means the intersection of a real interval

2. Preliminaries We need here basic concepts of delta calculus. The results of delta calculus are adapted from [4] [5] [6]. Time scale calculus was initiated by Stefan Hilger as given in [7]. A time scale is an arbitrary nonempty closed subset of the real numbers. It is denoted by  . For t ∈  , forward jump operator σ :  →  is defined by

σ ( t ) := inf {s ∈  : s > t} .

The mapping µ :  →  0+ =[ 0, ∞ ) such that µ= ( t ) : σ ( t ) − t is called the forward graininess function. The backward jump operator ρ :  →  is deDOI: 10.4236/jamp.2017.512193

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fined by

ρ ( t ) := sup {s ∈  : s < t} . The mapping ν :  →  0+ =[ 0, ∞ ) such that ν ( t ) := t − ρ ( t ) is called the backward graininess function. If σ ( t ) > t , we say that t is right-scattered, while if ρ ( t ) < t , we say that t is left-scattered. Also, if t < sup  and σ ( t ) = t , then t is called right-dense, and if t > inf  and ρ ( t ) = t , then t is called left-dense. Points that are right-dense and left-dense at the same time are called dense. If  has a left-scattered maximum M, then k=  − {M } . Otherwise k =  . k For a function f :  →  , the derivative f ∆ is defined as follows. Let t ∈  , if there exists f ∆ ( t ) ∈  such that for all  > 0 , there exists a neighborhood U of t, such that f (σ ( t ) ) − f ( s ) − f ∆ ( t ) (σ ( t ) − s ) ≤  σ ( t ) − s ,

for all s ∈ U , then f is said to be delta differentiable at t, and f ∆ ( t ) is called the delta derivative of f at t. A function f :  →  is said to be right-dense continuous (rd-continuous), if it is continuous at each right-dense point and there exists a finite left limit in every left-dense point. The set of all rd-continuous functions is denoted by Crd ( ,  ) . The next definition is given in [4] [5] [6]. Definition 1. A function F :  →  is called a delta antiderivative of f :  →  , provided that F ∆ ( t ) = f ( t ) holds for all t ∈ k , then the delta integral of f is defined by b

∆t ∫ f ( t )=

F (b) − F ( a ).

a

The following results of nabla calculus are taken from [4] [5] [6] [8].

If  has a right-scattered minimum m, then k=  − {m} . Otherwise k =  . The function f :  →  is called nabla differentiable at t ∈ k , if there exists f ∇ ( t ) ∈  such that for any  > 0 , there exists a neighborhood V of t, such that

f ( ρ (t )) − f ( s ) − f ∇ (t ) ( ρ (t ) − s ) ≤  ρ (t ) − s ,

for all s ∈ V . A function f :  →  is left-dense continuous (ld-continuous), provided it is continuous at left-dense points in  and its right-sided limits exist (finite) at

right-dense points in  . The set of all ld-continuous functions is denoted by Cld ( ,  ) . The next definition is given in [4] [5] [6] [8].

Definition 2. A function G :  →  is called a nabla antiderivative of g :  →  , provided that G ∇ ( t ) = g ( t ) holds for all t ∈ k , then the nabla integral of g is

defined by

b

∇t ∫g ( t )=

G (b) − G ( a ).

a

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Now we present short introduction of diamond-α derivative as given in [4] [9].

Let  be a time scale and f ( t ) be differentiable on  in the ∆ and ∇

senses. For t ∈ kk , where kk = k  k , diamond-α dynamic derivative f ◊α ( t ) is defined by

f ◊α= ( t ) α f ∆ ( t ) + (1 − α ) f ∇ ( t ) , 0 ≤ α ≤ 1. Thus f is diamond-α differentiable if and only if f is ∆ and ∇ differentiable. The diamond-α derivative reduces to the standard ∆ -derivative for α = 1 , or the standard ∇ -derivative for α = 0 . It represents a weighted dynamic derivative for α ∈ ( 0,1) .

Theorem 3. [9]: Let f , g :  →  be diamond-α differentiable at t ∈  .

Then

1) f ± g :  →  is diamond-α differentiable at t ∈  , with

(f

± g)

◊α

( t ) = f ◊α ( t ) ± g ◊α ( t ) .

2) fg :  →  is diamond-α differentiable at t ∈  , with

= ( fg ) α ( t ) f ◊α ( t ) g ( t ) + α f σ ( t ) g ∆ ( t ) ◊

+ (1 − α ) f ρ ( t ) g ∇ ( t ) . 3) For g ( t ) g σ ( t ) g ρ ( t ) ≠ 0 ,

f :  →  is diamond- α differentiable at g

t ∈  , with

 f    g

◊α

(t ) =

f ◊α ( t ) g σ ( t ) g ρ ( t ) − α f σ ( t ) g ρ ( t ) g ∆ ( t ) − (1 − α ) f ρ ( t ) g σ ( t ) g ∇ ( t ) g (t ) gσ (t ) g ρ (t )

.

Theorem 4. [9]: Let a, t ∈  and h :  →  . Then the diamond-α integral

from a to t of h is defined by

) ◊α s ∫ah ( s= t

α ∫ah ( s ) ∆s + (1 − α ) ∫ah ( s ) ∇s, 0 ≤ α ≤ 1, t

t

provided that there exist delta and nabla integrals of h on  . Theorem 5. [9]: Let a, b, t ∈  , c ∈  . Assume that f ( s ) and g ( s ) are

◊α -integrable functions on

[ a, b] , then t t ∫a f ( s ) ◊α s ± ∫ag ( s ) ◊α s ;

1)

αs ∫a  f ( s ) ± g ( s ) ◊=

2)

◊α s c ∫a f ( s ) ◊α s ; ∫acf ( s )=

3)

∫a f ( s ) ◊α s =−∫t f ( s ) ◊α s ; t b t αs ∫aaf ( s ) ◊= ∫a f ( s ) ◊α s + ∫b f ( s ) ◊α s ; 0. ∫a f ( s ) ◊α s =

4) 5)

t

t

t

t

a

We need the following results. Theorem 6. [4]: Let a, b ∈  and c, d ∈  . Suppose that b

(

g ∈ C [ a, b ] , ( c, d )

)

and h ∈ C ([ a, b ] ,  ) with

∫ h ( s ) ◊α s > 0 . If

F ∈ C ( ( c, d ) ,  ) is convex, then generalized Jensen’s inequality is DOI: 10.4236/jamp.2017.512193

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M. Jibril S. Sahir

b   ∫ h ( s ) g ( s ) ◊α s  ≤ F a b    ∫ h ( s ) ◊α s   a 

b

∫ h ( s ) F ( g ( s ) ) ◊α s a b

∫

h ( s ) ◊α s

(3)

.

a

If F is strictly convex, then the inequality ≤ can be replaced by < . Theorem 7. [3] [10]: Let a, b ∈  . Let fi ∈ C ([ a, b ] ,  ) , i = 1, , n are ◊α n 1 integrable functions and pi > 1 such that ∑ = 1 . Then p i =1 i 1

b  pi pi ◊ ≤ f t t ( )  ∫ fi ( t ) ◊α t  , ∏ ∏ i α ∫ = a i 1 =i 1  a  b n

n

(4)

which is generalized Rogers-Hölder’s Inequality. Definition 3. [11]: A function f :  →  is called convex on I  = I   , where I is an interval of  (open or closed), if f ( λt + (1 − λ ) s ) ≤ λ f ( t ) + (1 − λ ) f ( s ) ,

(5)

for all t , s ∈ I  and all λ ∈ [ 0,1] such that λt + (1 − λ ) s ∈ I  .

The function f is strictly convex on I  if (5) is strict for distinct t , s ∈ I 

and λ ∈ ( 0,1) .

The function f is concave (respectively, strictly concave) on I  , if − f is

convex (respectively, strictly convex).

3. Main Results First we present ◊α -integral general fractional Schlömilch’s type inequalities on time scales, which is an extension of Schlömilch’s inequality given in [12].

[ a, b] and [ c, d ] be two time scales; k ( x, y ) : [ a, b ] × [ c, d ] →  0+ is continuous kernel function and y ∈ [ c, d ] . Let ◊α -integral operator functions gi : [ a, b ] to a class G ( fi , k ) for ( i = 1, 2 ) are represented by Theorem 8. Let 1

1

2

2

2

1

= gi ( x ) :

with x ∈ [ a, b ] 1 →  belonging

∫c k ( x, y ) fi ( y ) ◊α y, d

where fi : [ c, d ] →  are continuous functions. Continuous weight function 2 b is defined by w : [ a, b ] →  0+ with ∫ w ( x ) ◊α x = 1 . Define a 1 k ( x, y ) b s ( y ) : f 2 ( y ) ∫a w ( x ) = ◊α x and ∀y ∈ [ c, d ] , where f 2 ( y ) > 0 implies 2 g2 ( x )

g 2 ( x ) > 0 . Let F :  0+ = [ 0, ∞ ) →  0+ be a convex and increasing function. If η2 ≥ η1 ≥ 1 , then the following inequality holds 1

η1 b η1  d   g1 ( x )   w( x) F   ≤  F  f1 ( y ) ◊ x   g2 ( x )  α  ∫  ∫  f ( y)   a  c  2

1

η2 η 2   s ( y ) ◊α y  .    

(6)

Proof. In order to prove this Theorem, we need Bernoulli’s inequality, that is, if x > 0 , then DOI: 10.4236/jamp.2017.512193

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M. Jibril S. Sahir

px + 1 − p ≤ x p , if p ≥ 1. Since η2 ≥ η1 ≥ 1 , we have

η2 ≥ 1 . Thus, by Bernoulli’s inequality, we have η1 η2

  η1  g ( x)    F 1  b  g2 ( x )       ◊α x ∫w ( x )  b a  w x F  g1 ( x )  ◊ x   ∫ ( )  g ( x )  α   2  a   η2   F b η1   ≥ ∫w ( x )  b a  w x F ∫  ( )   a

g1 ( x ) g2 ( x )

     η2   + 1 −  ◊α x = 1, η1  g1 ( x )   ◊α x  g 2 ( x )  

that is, η2

η2

b  η1  g1 ( x )  η1  g1 ( x )    . w x F x w x F x ◊ ≥ ◊     ( ) ( ) ∫  g2 ( x )  α  g2 ( x )  α   ∫a a       b

Let F be replaced by F η1 and taking power

1

> 0 , we get

η2

1

η1 b η1    w ( x ) F  g1 ( x )  ◊ x   g2 ( x )  α   ∫a     1

η2 b η 2  g1 ( x )   ≤ ∫w( x) F   ◊ x  g2 ( x )  α  a    

b   =  ∫w ( x ) F   a  

η2



∫c k ( x, y ) f1 ( y ) ◊α y  d

 

g2 ( x )

1

η 2  ◊α x   

b  1 f ( y) d =  ∫w ( x ) F  ◊α y k ( x, y ) f 2 ( y ) 1  g 2 ( x ) ∫c a f 2 ( y)   b   f1 ( y ) d 1 ≤  ∫w ( x )  k x y f y F ,  ( ) ( ) 2 ∫  f2 ( y )  a  g 2 ( x) c    d  f y ( ) =  ∫F  1  c  f2 ( y )   d  f y ( ) =  ∫F  1  c  f2 ( y )   DOI: 10.4236/jamp.2017.512193

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1

η2 η 2   ◊α x      1

η2 η 2     ◊ ◊ y x  α   α     1

η2 η 2    b k ( x, y )  ◊ ◊ f y w x x y   2 ( ) ∫a ( ) α  α    g 2 ( x)    1

η2 η2   s ( y ) ◊α y  ,    


M. Jibril S. Sahir

where we used the generalized Jensen’s inequality and Fubini’s theorem. This proves the claim.

□

Remark. If we set η= η= 1 and F : [ 0, ∞ ) →  be a convex and increas1 2 ing function, then (6) takes the form d   g1 ( x )  f ( y) w x F x F 1 ◊ ≤   ( ) α ∫ ∫  g2 ( x )   a c  f2 ( y )   b

  s ( y ) ◊α y.  

(7)

[ a, b] = [c, d ]

, where = =  , then (7) takes the form of (1). 1 2 Corollary 1. If η= η= 1 , F : [ 0, ∞ ) →  be a convex and increasing func1 2

If

1

2

tion and α = 1 , then delta version form of (6) is

d   g1 ( x )  f ( y) w x F x F 1 ∆ ≤   ( ) ∫ ∫    a c  f2 ( y )  g2 ( x )  b

  s ( y ) ∆y.  

(8)

If η= η= 1 , F : [ 0, ∞ ) →  be a convex and increasing function and α = 0 , 1 2 then nabla version form of (6) is d   g1 ( x )  f ( y) ∇ ≤ w x F x F 1   ) ( ∫ ∫    a c  f2 ( y )  g2 ( x )  b

  s ( y ) ∇y.  

(9)

Remark. Now we take that F is not necessarily increasing and is taken from f ( y) has fixed and strict sign, then according to ( 0, ∞ ) into  0+ and 1 f2 ( y ) Theorem 8, we get 1

1

η1 b η1  d  f y  g1 ( x )   w( x) F   ≤ F 1( ) ◊ x   g2 ( x )  α   ∫a  ∫c  f 2 ( y )      

η2 η 2   s ( y ) ◊α y  .    

Corollary 2. If we apply for F ( x ) = x p , p > 1 , then (6) takes the form 1

pη1 b η1  d     w ( x )  g1 ( x )  ◊ x  ≤   f1 ( y ) α  g2 ( x )   ∫a   ∫c  f 2 ( y )      

   

pη2

1

η2 s ( y ) ◊α y  .  

(10)

Corollary 3. If we apply for F = ( x ) e x , x ≥ 0 , then (6) takes the form 1

 g ( x)  b η1  d η2   η1 1  w ( x ) e  g2 ( x )  ◊ x  ≤  e  α  ∫ ∫  a   c   

f1( y )   f 2 ( y ) 

1

η 2 s ( y ) ◊α y  .  

(11)

Corollary 4. If η= η= 1 , F : ( 0, ∞ ) →  be a convex and not necessarily 1 2 f1 ( y ) increasing function, has fixed and strict sign and we apply for f2 ( y )

F ( x) = − ln x, x > 0 , then (6) takes the form d  g1 ( x )   f ( y)  ◊α x ≥ ∫ ln  1   f2 ( y ) c  g2 ( x )  

b

∫w ( x ) ln  a

  s ( y ) ◊α y.  

(12)

Remark. If we set f 2 ( y ) = 1 , g1 ( x ) = g ( x ) , f1 ( y ) = f ( y ) , η= η= 1 and 1 2 F : [ 0, ∞ ) →  be a convex and increasing function, then DOI: 10.4236/jamp.2017.512193

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M. Jibril S. Sahir d

g= 2 ( x)

) ◊α y ∫k ( x, y= c

K ( x ) , ∀x ∈ [ a, b ] . 1

We assume that K ( x ) > 0 , and define

s ( y) : =

b

∫

w ( x ) k ( x, y ) K ( x)

a

◊α x, ∀y ∈ [ c, d ]T . 2

Then (6) takes the form of (2), as proved in [3]. Corollary 5. If we take 1 = q 0 , q > 1 , where  0 is the set of nonnegative integers and 2 =  . Then

qn

n −1

q i α f ( q i ) + (1 − α ) f ( q i+1 )  , ∫ f ( x ) ◊α x = ( q − 1) ∑ i =m

qm

for

[ a, b]

And

1

=  q m , q n 

, m < n , where m, n ∈  0 .

q 0

d

d

c

c

∫ f ( y ) ◊α y = ∫ f ( y ) dy. When η= η= 1 and F : [ 0, ∞ ) →  be a convex and increasing function, 1 2 then (6) can be written as

( )  + 1 − α w q F  g ( q )  ( ) ( )  g ( q )  ( )   

  g1 q i i  ( q − 1) ∑ q α w q F   g2 qi i =m   d  f ( x)  ≤ ∫F  1  s ( y ) dy.   c  f2 ( x )  n −1

( )

i

i +1

i +1

1

i +1

2

We can generalize Theorem 8 for convex functions of several variables on time scales in the upcoming theorem.

[ a, b] and [ c, d ] be two time scales; k ( x, y ) : [ a, b ] × [ c, d ] →  0+ is continuous kernel function and y ∈ [ c, d ] . Let ◊α -integral operator functions gi : [ a, b ] to a class G ( fi , k ) for ( i = 1, 2,3) are represented by Theorem 9. Let 1

2

1

2

1

2

= gi ( x ) :

with x ∈ [ a, b ] 1 →  belonging

∫c k ( x, y ) fi ( y ) ◊α y, d

where fi : [ c, d ] →  are continuous functions. Continuous weight function 2 b is defined by w : [ a, b ] →  0+ with ∫ w ( x ) ◊α x = 1 . Define a 1 k ( x, y ) b s ( y ) : f 2 ( y ) ∫a w ( x ) = ◊α x and ∀y ∈ [ c, d ] , where f 2 ( y ) > 0 implies 2 g2 ( x )

g 2 ( x ) > 0 . Let F :  0+ ×  0+= [ 0, ∞ ) × [ 0, ∞ ) →  0+ be a convex and increasing function. If η2 ≥ η1 ≥ 1 , then the following inequality holds b   w ( x ) F  g1 ( x ) , g3 ( x ) ∫  a  g2 ( x ) g2 ( x )  DOI: 10.4236/jamp.2017.512193

2367

1

η1 η1  d  f ( y ) f ( y )  1 , 3  ◊α x  ≤  ∫F      f y f2 ( y ) ( )   c  2

1

η2 η 2   s ( y ) ◊α y  . (13)    


M. Jibril S. Sahir

Proof. Proof is similar to Theorem 8. □ Remark. If we set η= η= 1 , F : [ 0, ∞ ) →  be a convex and increasing 1 2 function and [ a, b ] = [ c, d ] , where = =  , then (13) reduces to 1 2 1

2

 g1 ( x ) g3 ( x ) ∫w ( x ) F  g ( x ) , g ( x ) 2 a  2 b

b   f1 ( y ) f3 ( y ) ,  dx ≤ ∫F    f2 ( y ) a  f2 ( y ) 

  s ( y ) dy,  

as given in ([2], p. 236). Now we present ◊α -integral general fractional Rogers-Holder’s type inequalities. Upcoming result is an application of general fractional Schlömilch’s type dynamic inequality. Theorem 10. Let [ a, b ] and [ c, d ] be two time scales; 1 2 = i 1,  , n ∈  are continuous kernel ki ( x, y ) : [ a, b ] × [ c, d ] →  0+ for 1 2 functions with x ∈ [ a, b ] and y ∈ [ c, d ] . Let ◊α -integral operator functions 1 2 = i 1,  , n ∈  are represented by fi , gi : [ a, b ] →  for 1

fi ( x ) : =

∫c ki ( x, y ) ui ( y ) ◊α y,

= gi ( x ) :

∫c ki ( x, y ) vi ( y ) ◊α y,

d

and d

where ui , vi : [ c, d ] →  are continuous functions for i 1,  , n ∈  . = 2 Continuous weight function is defined by w : [ a, b ] →  0+ with 1 ki ( x , y ) b b . Define = ◊α x , and ∀y ∈ [ c, d ] for s y v y w x : w x ◊ x = 1 i( ) i ( ) ∫a ( ) ∫a ( ) α 2 gi ( x )

= i 1,  , n ∈  . Let = i 1,  , n ∈  , where vi ( y ) > 0 implies gi ( x ) > 0 for + + Fi :  0 →  0 for = i 1,  , n ∈  are convex and increasing functions. n 1 If pi > 1 with ∑ < 1 . Then the following inequality holds i =1 pi 1

pi  pi n d  fi ( x )   ui ( y )    . ◊ ≤ ◊ w x F x F s y y     ( ) ( ) ∏ i  g ( x)  α ∏  ∫ i  v ( y)  i α ∫  = 1 = 1 i i a  i   c  i  b

n

n

1

∑p

γ: Proof. Let=

i =1

< 1 and = ζ i : γ pi < pi for i = 1,, n . Then

i

(14) n

1

∑ζ i =1

=1,

i

where ζ i > 1 for i = 1,  , n . We use here generalized Rogers-Hölder’s inequality, Schlömilch’s inequality, generalized Jensen’s inequality and Fubini’s theorem, as b

n

 fi ( x ) 

Fi  ◊ x ∫w ( x ) ∏  gi ( x )  α i =1 a   =

b n



1

 w ( x )ζ ∫∏ i =1 

i



a

 f ( x)   Fi  i ◊ x  gi ( x )   α   1

ζi b ζ i  fi ( x )   ≤ ∏ ∫w ( x ) Fi   ◊α x     i =1  a  gi ( x )    n

DOI: 10.4236/jamp.2017.512193

2368


M. Jibril S. Sahir 1

pi b  pi  f ( x)   ≤ ∏  ∫w ( x ) Fi  i ◊ x   gi ( x )  α  i =1  a     n

b  n  = ∏  ∫w ( x ) Fi   i =1  a  

1

pi  pi  ◊ , k x y u y y ( ) ( ) i α ∫c i  ◊ x  α  gi ( x )    d

b  1 u ( y) d = ∏  ∫w ( x ) Fi  k ( x, y ) vi ( y ) i ◊α y ∫ c i   g x vi ( y ) ( ) i =1 a i   n

1

pi  pi   ◊α x      1

pi b  pi    ui ( y )  d 1   ≤ ∏  ∫w ( x )  k x y v y F ◊ y ◊ x ,   ( ) i( ) i α   gi ( x ) ∫c i  α  vi ( y )  i =1  a      n

1

 d  u y  pi   pi  b w ( x ) ki ( x , y ) ( )  = ∏  ∫Fi  i v y ◊ x ◊ y  ( ) ∫a α   α   vi ( y )   i gi ( x ) i =1  c       n

1

 d  u y  pi  pi ( ) = ∏  ∫Fi  i  si ( y ) ◊α y  .  v ( y)   i =1  c    i  n

This proves the claim.

□ Corollary 6. If we apply for Fi ( x ) = xξi , x ≥ 0 , i = 1, , n and let ξi ≥ 1 , i = 1, , n . Then (14) takes the form 1

ξi ξi pi  pi n d u y   fi ( x )  i( )   . ◊ ≤ ◊ w x x s y y     ( ) ( ) ∏ g ( x)  α ∏  ∫  v ( y)  i α ∫  i i = 1 = 1 a  i   c i  b

n

(15)

4. Conclusion and Future Work The study of dynamic inequalities on time scales has a lot of scope. This research article is devoted to some general fractional Schlömilch’s type and Rogers-Hölder’s type dynamic inequalities for convex functions harmonized on diamond-α calculus and their delta and nabla versions are similar cases. Similarly, in future, we can present such inequalities by using Riemann-Liouville type fractional integrals and fractional derivatives on time scales. It will also be very interesting to present such inequalities on quantum calculus.

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DOI: 10.4236/jamp.2017.512193

[1]

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[2]

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Agarwal, R.P., O’Regan, D. and Saker, S. (2014) Dynamic Inequalities on Time Scales. Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11002-8

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[10] Chen, G.S., Huang, F.L. and Liao, L.F. (2014) Generalizations of Hölder Inequality and Some Related Results on Time Scales. Journal of Inequalities and Applications, 2014, 207. https://doi.org/10.1186/1029-242X-2014-207 [11] Dinu, C. (2008) Convex Functions on Time Scales, Annals of the University of Craiova. Mathematics and Computer Science Series, 35, 87-96. [12] Hardy, G.H., Littlewood, J.E. and Pölya, G. (1952) Inequalities. 2nd Edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

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