Jan 20, 2009 - by pouring and vibrating the dry material in a container, or by mixing with a very small amount of a viscous lubricant. Lubricated ... The glass beads used in our experiments are of diam- ... ton) and a detecting transducer of diameter
are more sensitive (exhibit a larger rate of ice-sheet mass loss) to future climate warming (based on the ..... chosen where the simulated ice sheet has retreated too far. A .... climate: support from a revised chronology of the marine d18O record.
23 . Schmucker-Weidelt-Kolloquium für Elektromagnetische Tiefenforschung,. Heimvolkshochschule am Seddiner See, 28 September - 2 Oktober 2009. 137 ...
What we are going to denote as the âstandardâ ('st') ... be used are the same as in 'st' (although [3] added random numbers to break ...... op=6817639, /n=4261.
The forecaster using numerical model-generated weather products can ... A
primary consideration to keep in mind is the inherent limitations of numerical
models.
conditions we will be concerned with in this paper, derived for the isothermal Euler ... Equation (7) is based on the mechanical energy flux function for the .... of two different momentum related coupling constants; pressure and momentum flux.
predator exclusion methods applied in Prince. Edward Island .... breeding-focused conservation, captive-breeding efforts, or ... protect. Responses to this article can be read online at: ... Ãcologie et conservation des oiseaux 1(3): 4. [online] ...
Egon Brunswik's (1956) theoretical insights in eco- .... Brunswik (1956) noted the need for congruence .... baseball outfielders could only be distinguished from.
Jan 27, 2010 - all), and ii) they provide better recommendations for bursty topics [4]. .... [4] J. Kleinberg. Bursty and hierarchical structure in streams. In In Proc.
spend many more years together in Ann Arbor { I will miss you all so much now. ... Dear Neetu, you were my friend since the rst day I came here. All this ballroom.
Jan 15, 2011 - sired ambient density (at pressures in the 1.5 to 100 Pa range) using a gas in general different from the jet gas. An electron gun operating at ...
Jirı Trefilık1,a, Karel Kozel1,2,b, and Jaromır Prıhoda1,c ... b e-mail: [email protected] c e-mail: ..... Inviscid and Viscous Flows, John Willey&Sons (1990). 8.
Oct 2, 2009 - makes it possible to set up, and in a controlled manner test, how the flow behaves when ..... sparky.rice.edu/ ~hartigan/LLE shots.html). Because our ..... 14 shows an analogous PSD analysis, for three different RAGE.
In 1981s, Gregory-Smith's study showed that Coanda Effect may occur in a certain ratio of jet width to local surface curve radius. the flow would separate from the ...
The lake of Fucino was the largest reservoir of fresh water in the Abruzzo region until it was drained at the end of the last century 1873 . The goal of this work is to ...
Nov 15, 2010 - Mach number=speed/sound speed; finding this number is one of the ...... electrodes using two Bay Voltex RRS-1650-AC chillers with a total ...
Aug 10, 2011 - model sensitivity test without Taiwan's terrain fails to reproduce the observed ..... water, rainwater, cloud ice, snow, and graupel. In the 5-km.
A series of numerical experiments on ... On steep slopes, both individual bores ... Swash excursions increase with increasing incident wave energy, even in fully saturated surf zones. ... and run-down takes place on natural beaches. ..... Fig. 1. Sur
Dec 2, 2015 - td was investigated using a hybrid cloud microphysical model and a forward simulator of ... pict the signatures of warm-cloud microphysical pro-.
Feb 20, 2008 - Brazilian J Phys 34, 1814 (2004). 7. A. Patran, R. S. Rawat ... http://wwwppd.nrl.navy.mil/nrlformulary/NRL_FORMULARY_07.pdf. 11. S Lee & A ...
Jan 6, 2018 - increased northward velocity and cyclonic vorticity of the Yucatan Current, and eddies are ... separation of warm rings from the Loop) constitute.
NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS INTO PILES IN IMPROVED GROUND ON THE RESPONSE TO. LATERAL LOADING. RICARDO BERGAN BORN â Ph.D.
Oct 19, 2010 - Plasma self-absorption is an important factor during the pinch compression ... effect of self absorption of line radiation was investigated in argon ...
MOTIVATION context setup results synthesis. Prettyman et al. (2012); McCord et al. (2012); Goodrich et al. (2015); meteorite image by Peter Jenniskens. 20 km ...
Bridging the Gap III September 2015
Experiments & numerical models provide complementary information about projectile survival & delivery R. Terik Daly 1 , Megan Bruck Syal 2 & Peter H. Schultz 1 1 Brown University, 2 Lawrence Livermore National Lab
OUTLINE 1. Context and driving questions 2. Setup: experiments and models
3. Results 4. Synthesis
context
setup
results
synthesis
MOTIVATION
20 km Prettyman et al. (2012); McCord et al. (2012); Goodrich et al. (2015); meteorite image by Peter Jenniskens
context
setup
results
synthesis
DRIVING QUESTIONS How much of the projectile remains? What is its spatial distribution? What is its physical state?
What do experiments and shock physics codes each contribute?
context
setup
results
synthesis
DRIVING QUESTIONS How much of the projectile remains? What is its spatial distribution? What is its physical state? What do experiments and shock physics codes each contribute? Strategy: direct comparisons
context
setup
results
synthesis
EXPERIMENTS AT NASA AVGR Projectile: ¼” Al, basalt Targets: pumice, snow Speeds: 4.5 – 5 km s-1 Angle: 30° to 90°
Image credit: Wired magazine
context
setup
results
synthesis
AVGR EXPERIMENTS (CONT.) PUMICE TARGETS
SNOW TARGETS
Recover breccias
Melt
Composition
Sieve
Mixing model
Sort
Mass retained
Weigh
context
setup
results
synthesis
CTH MODELS Projectiles: ¼” ANEOS Al and ANEOS basalt
Targets: ANEOS SiO2 and ANEOS water ice (density reduced using p-α porosity) Impact speed: 5 km s-1 Angle: 30° to 90°
Track mass remaining below escape speed
context
setup
results
synthesis
DRIVING QUESTIONS How much of the projectile remains? What is its spatial distribution? What is its physical state?
context
Delivered Fraction
100%
setup
results
synthesis
Porous ice
80%
Porous SiO 2
60% 40%
20% 0% 0
30 60 Impact Angle (°)
90
context
setup
results
synthesis
Fraction Delivered Retained Fraction
100%
A→P
80%
A→S
60% 40%
B→P
20%
B→S
0% 0
30 60 Impact Angle (°)
90
context
setup
results
synthesis
DRIVING QUESTIONS How much of the projectile remains? What is its spatial distribution? What is its physical state?
context
setup
results
synthesis
Fraction Retention DeliveredEfficiency
Linked to fraction deposited far away? Ceres 100% 80% 80% 60% 60% 40% 40% 20% 20% 0% 0% 0 0
30 60 Impact 30 Angle 60(°)
Impact Angle (°)
90
90
context
Beyond Rim
Inside Crater
90°
setup
results
synthesis
45°
Increasing amounts of projectile retained downrange
Scale bars = 5 mm
context
setup
results
synthesis
DRIVING QUESTIONS How much of the projectile remains? What is its spatial distribution? What is its physical state?
Greatly strengthens case for impactor contamination (in melts and as relics) on asteroids/dwarf planets Larger-scale CTH calculations support For impacts at 5 km s-1 and below, impactor retention is the expectation, not the exception Daly and Schultz (2015a, 2015b)
Bridging the Gap III September 2015
Experiments & numerical models provide complementary information about projectile survival & delivery With gratitude toward: the Barringer Crater Company, Paul. G. Benedum Graduate Travel & Research Fund for Geological Sciences, and the crew of the NASA AVGR.
context
setup
results
synthesis
PRIOR WORK Experiments: Schultz & Gault (1990); Burchell & Wickham-Eade (this session); Ebert et al. (2013); Daly and Schultz (2013, 2014, 2015)
Numerical models: Pierazzo and Melosh (2000); Pierazzo and Chyba (2002); Bland et al. (2008); Svetsov (2011); Yue et al. (2013); Bruck Syal et al. (2015)
