Future Trajectories of Computation in Design – Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey, 12-14 July 2017. Edited by Gülen Çağdaş, Mine Özkar, Leman F. Gül and Ethem Gürer.
ISBN 978-975-561-482-3 Copyright © 2017 Cover Design: S. Zeynep Bacınoğlu and Begüm Hamzaoğlu Print: Cenkler Matbaa I.Karaoglanoglu Cad. Civan Sok. No:7Seyrantepe / 4 Levent – Istanbul T: 0212 283 02 77 – 264 18 21 – 269 04 99 F: 0212 264 05 31 www.cenkler.com
All rights reserved. Nothing from this publication may be produced, stored in computerised system or published in any form or in any manner, including electronic, mechanical, reprographic or photographic, without prior written permission from the publisher.
Gülen Çağdaş, Mine Özkar, Leman F. Gül and Ethem Gürer (Eds.)
Future Trajectories of Computation in Design 17th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2017 Istanbul, July 12-14, 2017 Proceedings
Volume Editors Gülen Çağdaş
Istanbul Technical University
Mine Özkar
Istanbul Technical University
Leman F. Gül
Istanbul Technical University
Ethem Gürer
Istanbul Technical University
iv - CAADFutures 17
Keynote Speakers
Anna Dyson teaches design, technology, and theory at the School of Architecture at Rensselaer. She is the founding Director of CASE (2007-present) which hosts the Graduate Program in Architectural Sciences / Built Ecologies. CASE is committed to bridging diverse worlds by proposing a new collaborative model for building research that unites interdisciplinary academic research with building and development practices. The consortium attempts to achieve this collaborative model without the schism that has typically divorced building science pursuits from the aesthetic, social and conceptual aspirations of architectural design inquiry. Anna has been recognized with multiple awards for her designs and innovations, and her work has been exhibited internationally at venues including the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), The World Future Energy Summit (WFES), The Center for Architecture and the Postmasters Gallery. Dyson holds multiple international patents for building systems inventions and is currently directing interdisciplinary research funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA), and the New York State Foundation for Science, Technology and Innovation (NYSTAR) to develop new building systems that integrate advances in science and technology from diverse research fields. Director, Center for Architecture Science and Ecology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute & Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, LLP. Professor, School of Architecture, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Ahu Aydogan Akseli is an architectural designer and researcher focused on the development of a plant-based dynamic filtration system to clean indoor air and reduce energy consumption profile of buildings. As Assistant Professor at the Spitzer School of Architecture, CCNY she teaches construction technology courses with an emphasis on the integration of environmental feedback loops into design processes. Aydogan Akseli conducted design research as a HASS Fellow at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Center for Architecture Science and Ecology (CASE), where she received her Ph.D. in Architectural Sciences in 2012. She has practiced with CASE and Skidmore, Owings, & Merrill on the design of international projects that integrate next-generation building technologies. Her current research facilitates the interdisciplinary design of sustainable systems and technologies for integration within the built environment. Akseli earned her master’s degrees both in engineering management and architecture from Izmir Institute of Technology in 2005. Her background addressed the complexity involved in the management of design problems.
Built Ecologies CAADFutures 17 - vii
Christoph Hölscher is Full Professor of Cognitive Science in the D-GESS at ETH Zürich since 2013, with an emphasis on Applied Cognitive Science. Since 2016 Christoph is a Principal Investigator at the Singapore ETH Center (SEC) Future Cities Laboratory, heading a research group on ‘Cognition, Perception and Behaviour in Urban Environments’. He holds a PhD in Psychology from University of Freiburg, served as honorary senior research fellow at UCL, Bartlett School of Architecture, and is a visiting Professor at Northumbria University Newcastle. Christoph has several years of industry experience in Human-Computer Interaction and usability consulting. The core mission of his research groups in Zurich and Singapore is to unravel the complex interaction of humans and their physical, technical and social environment with an emphasis on cognitive processes and task-oriented behavior.
Human behavior and cognition of architectural space – assessing psychological building performance Advances in digital media and computation have spurred renewed interest in modeling, anticipating and predicting the human experience of architectural spaces. Physical modeling of building parameters such as carbon footprint, thermal comfort, shadow-casting or green features has been clearly established in tools for performance prediction and generative algorithms of form-finding and design optimization. But how does one capture the ‘soft’ factors of human behavior and human appreciation of a building design? How can psychological parameters be included as part of evidencebased design? This talk will provide on overview of how our spatial cognition research group tackles this with an emphasis on human movement pattern in complex, publically accessible environments. We combine real world behavior observation with Virtual Reality simulation of building design options. This goes beyond traditional post-occupancy evaluation by providing pre-occupancy assessments opportunities. To capture the richness of human perception and environmental appreciation we engage volunteer participants in a series of interaction tasks in a real or virtual, measuring their reactions with behavior and path tracing, eye-tracking and physiological measures of stress and arousal. This helps us identify points of misfit between the architects intentions and the present – or future – patrons reaction to the building design. CAAD tools provide the basis for immersive Virtual Reality experiments to compare design alternatives, as well as for Agent-based simulations of patron behavior, both for individual wayfinding analysis and development of cognitively enriched crowd movement simulations.
viii - CAADFutures 17
Martin Tamke is Associate Professor at the Centre for Information Technology and Architecture (CITA) in Copenhagen. He is pursuing a design led research in the interface and implications of computational design and its materialization. He joined the newly founded research centre CITA in 2006 and shaped its design based research practice. Projects on new design and fabrication tools for wood and composite production led to a series of digitally fabricated demonstrators that explore an architectural practice engaged with bespoke materials and behaviour. The latest research focuses on design modelling strategies, which are enabled through feedback from environment and process. His current work is characterised by strong links to computer science, with a focus on Machine Learning and Point Clouds, engineering, with a focus on simulation and ultralight hybrid structures, and material science, with a focus on bespoke cnc knit. The research connects academic and industrial partners from architecture and engineering, computer and material science and the crafts. Currently he is involved in the Danish funded 4 year Complex Modelling research project and the adapt-r and InnoChain PhD research networks.
Complex modelling The building profession is in a radical shift of paradigm from architectural representations of unconnected data to practices with an overwhelming amount of information rich data. These emerge as professionals are increasingly engaging in their models with data from external sources and collaborators, such as urban, climate or 3D scanning data, as they create data internally within the practice or project by means of scripting, simulation or sensing. At the same time methods and tools are missing to implement this data in a productive way into design processes. Introducing the term Complex Modelling the lecture will present computational design approaches and projects, which support feedback between different scales of design engagement moving from material design, across design, simulation and analysis to specification and fabrication.
CAADFutures 17 - ix
Organization CAAD Futures’ Board Bauke de Vries Tom Kvan Mark Gross
Chairman, Eindhoven University of Technology Vice-Chairman, University of Melbourne Treasurer, Carnegie Mellon University
Organization Committee Gülen Çağdaş Mine Özkar Leman Figen Gül Ethem Gürer Birgül Çolakoğlu Ömer Halil Çavuşoğlu Saadet Zeynep Bacınoğlu Begüm Hamzaoğlu
(Conference Chair) (Conference Co-chair) (Workshops Coordinator)
Scientific Committee Henri Achten Fulya Akipek Meltem Aksoy Sema Alaçam José Nuno Beirão Henriette Bier Nimish Biloria Gabriela Celani Gülen Çağdaş Birgül Çolakoğlu Yüksel Demir İpek Gürsel Dino Fehmi Doğan Dirk Donath Jose Duarte Özgür Ediz Halil Erhan Tomohiro Fukuda John Gero Thomas Grasl Leman Figen Gül
x - CAADFutures 17
Czech Technical University, Czech Republic Bilgi University, Turkey Istanbul Technical University, Turkey Istanbul Technical University, Turkey University of Lisbon, Portugal Tu Delft, Netherlands Tu Delft, Netherlands Unicamp, Brazil Istanbul Technical University, Turkey (Chair) Istanbul Technical University, Turkey Istanbul Technical University, Turkey Middle East Technical University, Turkey Izmir Institute of Technology, Turkey Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, Germany Penn State University, United States Uludağ University, Turkey Simon Fraser University, Canada Osaka University, Japan UNCC And GMU, United States Swap/Plus, Austria Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Onur Yüce Gün Ethem Gürer Benay Gürsoy John Harding Jie He Michael Hensel Pablo Herrera Iestyn Jowers Elif Kendir Anetta Kepczynska-Walczak Joachim Kieferle Elif Sezen Yagmur Kilimci Axel Kilian Michael Knight Terry Knight Tuba Kocatürk Volker Koch Branko Kolarevic Toni Kotnik Sotirios Kotsopoulos Manuel Kretzer Thomas Kvan Andrew Li Werner Lonsing Bob Martens Volker Mueller Michael Mullins Salih Ofluoğlu Yeonjoo Oh Ozan Önder Özener Michael Ostwald Mine Özkar Brady Peters Frank Petzold Rabee Reffat Joao Rocha Luís Romão Regina Ruschel Marc Aurel Schnabel Ahu Sökmenoğlu Sohtorik Arzu Gönenç Sorguç Ricardo Sosa Onur Nizam Sönmez David Sperling
New Balance, United States Istanbul Technical University, Turkey Penn State University, United States University of The West Of England, UK School Of Architecture, Tianjin University, China Oslo School of Architecture And Design, Norway Universidad Peruana De Ciencias Aplicadas, Peru The Open University, UK Bilgi University, Turkey Lodz University Of Technology, Poland Hochschule Rheinmain, Germany Istanbul Technical University, Turkey Princeton University, United States University of Liverpool, United Kingdom MIT, United States University of Liverpool, UK Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany University of Calgary, Canada Aalto University, Finland MIT, United States Braunschweig University of Art, Germany University of Melbourne, Australia (Board) Kyoto Institute of Technology, Japan Independent Researcher, Germany Vienna University of Technology, Austria Bentley Systems, United States Aalborg University, Denmark Mimar Sinan University, Turkey Hyundai Research&Development, Rep. of Korea Istanbul Technical University, Turkey The University of Newcastle, Australia Istanbul Technical University, Turkey (Co-Chair) University of Toronto, Canada Technical University of Munich, Germany Assiut University, Egypt University of Lisbon, Portugal Lisbon University, Portugal Unicamp, Brazil Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand Istanbul Technical University, Turkey Middle East Technical University, Turkey Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand Istanbul Technical University, Turkey University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
CAADFutures 17 - xi
James Stevens Rudi Stouffs Frederico Fialho Teixeira Emine Mine Thompson Harry J. P. Timmermans Bige Tuncer Michela Turrin Çetin Tüker Tanyel Türkaslan Başak Uçar Güzden Varinlioğlu Bauke De Vries Robert Woodbury Tuğrul Yazar Sevil Yazıcı
Lawrence Technological University, United States National University of Singapore, Singapore University of Queensland, Australia Northumbria University, UK Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands SUTD, Singapore Tu Delft, Netherlands Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, Turkey Virginia Tech, United States TED University, Turkey İzmir University of Economics, Turkey Eindhoven Univ. of Tech., Netherlands (Board) Simon Fraser University, Canada Bilgi University, Turkey Özyeğin University, Turkey
Sponsors RönesansTechnical Gayrimenkul A.Ş – Rectorate main sponsor Istanbul University Monster Notebook Istanbul Technical University, Dean of the Faculty of Architecture Bentley Nurol İnşaat Autodesk Istanbul Technical University Rectorate Bentley Istanbul Technical University, Dean of the Faculty of Architecture Tesan İletişim A.Ş. Autodesk Sirkeci Mansion Tesan İletişim A.Ş. Sirkeci Mansion Pera Palace Hotel Jumirah Pera Palace Hotel Jumeirah
xii - CAADFutures 17
Table of Contents Shape Studies Weaving, Folding and the Tension Between them: A Discourse on a Structural Ideation Method ..............................................................................................................1 Rizal Muslimin From Costuming and Dancing Sculpture to Architecture: The Corporeal and Computational in Design and Fabrication of Lightweight Mobile Structures .............22 Vernelle A. A. Noel Discrete Heuristics: Digital Design and Fabrication through Shapes and Material Computation ...................................................................................................42 Diego Pinochet Shape Computations without Compositions .................................................................43 Iestyn Jowers, Chris Earl and George Stiny Rectilinear Floor Plans ..................................................................................................44 Krishnendra Shekhawat and Jose Duarte Computing with Watercolor Shapes: Developing and Analyzing Visual Styles .........45 Onur Yüce Gün The Marching Shape: Extensions to the Ice-Ray Shape Grammar ..............................46 Alexandros Tsamis EthnoComputation: An Inductive Shape Grammar on Toraja Glyph ..........................47 Rizal Muslimin
Urban Studies Automatic Parameterisation of Semantic 3D City Models for Urban Design Optimisation ..................................................................................................................51 Kian Wee Chen, Patrick Janssen and Leslie Norford Question of Perspective: Information Visualisation in Games and its Possible Application in Planning Communication .........................................................................................66 Sarah Louise Jenney and Frank Petzold Automatic Generation of Semantic 3D City Models from Conceptual Massing Models ..........................................................................................................................84 Kian Wee Chen, Patrick Janssen and Leslie Norford Urban Data Mining with Natural Language Processing: Social Media as Complementary Tool for Urban Decision Making ................................................................................101 Nai Chun Chen, Yan Zhang, Marissa Stephens, Takehiko Nagakura and Kent Larson Interactive Urban Synthesis: Computational Methods for Fast Prototyping of Urban Design Proposals .........................................................................................................110 Reinhard Koenig, Yufan Miao, Katja Knecht, Peter Buš and Chang-Mei-Chih An Experimental Methodology for Urban Morphology Analysis ..............................111 Anetta Kepczynska-Walczak and Anna Pietrzak CIM-St: AParametric Design System for Street Cross Sections ................................112 Rui De Klerk and José Nuno Beirão
CAADFutures 17 - xiii
Building Performance Studies Shaping Design with Sound Performance Prediction: A Case Study for Exploring the Impact of Early Sound Performance Prediction on Architectural Design ..................115 Pantea Alambeigi, Canhui Chen, Jane Burry and Eva Cheng RhinoRstab: Introducing and Testing a New Structural Analysis Plugin for Grasshopper3D ...........................................................................................................128 Sebastian Dietrich, Sven Schneider and Dimitry Demin Computational Decision Support for an Airport Complex Roof Design: A Case Study of Evolutionary Optimization for Daylight Provision and Overheating Prevention ......137 Elif Ensari, Bilge Kobaş and Can Sucuoglu A Mathematical Model Linking Form and Material for Sound Scattering: Design, Robotic Fabrication, and Evaluation of Sound Scattering Discs: Relating Surface form to Acoustic Performance .............................................................................................150 Dagmar Reinhardt, Densil Cabrera and Matthew Hunter Body Patterning: A model for responsive and Interactive Building Envelope ..........164 Hülya Oral and Gülen Çağdaş Remembrane: A Shape Changing Adaptive Structure ...............................................180 Ji Won Jun, Matteo Silverio, Josep Alcover Llubia, Areti Markopoulou, Angelos Chronis and Alexandre Dubor Neighbourhood Shading Impacts on Adaptive Façade Collective Behaviour ...........199 Sarah Mokhtar, Christopher Leung and Angelos Chronis Investigating the Role of Entropy in Design Evaluation Process: A Case Study on Municipality Buildings ...............................................................................................211 Orkan Zeynel Güzelci Solar Collection Multi-isosurface Method: Computational Design Advanced Method for the Prediction of Direct Solar Access in Urban Environments .............................225 Francesco De Luca and Hendrik Voll
Design Geometry and Form Studies Kinetic Origami Surfaces: From Simulation to Fabrication .......................................229 Filipa Osorio, Alexandra Paio and Sancho Oliveira Teaching Design by Coding in Architecture Undergraduate Education: A Case Study with Islamic Patterns ...................................................................................................249 Aslı Ağırbaş Spherical Perspective: Notational Drawing System for Non-Euclidean Geometry ...259 Chao Yan and Philip F. Yuan Kerfing with Generalized 2D Meander-Patterns: Conversion of Planar Rigid Panels into Locally-Flexible Panels with Stiffness Control ..........................................................276 Saeid Zarrinmehr, Ergun Akleman, Mahmood Ettehad, Negar Kalantar, Alireza Borhani and Shinjiro Sueda
xiv - CAADFutures 17
Building Information Modelling A Comprehensive Application of BIM Modelling for Semi-underground Public Architecture: Astudy for Tiantian Square Complex, Wuhan, China ..........................297 Yi He, Marc Aurel Schnabel, Rong Chen and Ning Wang Plugins State of Art in BIM Software: Repositories Assessment and Professional Use Perspective ..................................................................................................................309 J. Lima Da Silva, Andréa Quadrado Mussi, Lauro André Ribeiro and Thaísa Leal da Silva AS&BIM – A Unified Model of Agent swarm and BIM to Manage the Complexity of the Building Process ...................................................................................................321 Francesco Livio Rossini, Gabriele Novembri and Antonio Fioravanti Why Do We Need Building Information Modeling (BIM) in Conceptual Design Phase? .........................................................................................................................333 Ömer Halil Çavuşoğlu and Gülen Çağdaş
Decision Support Systems and Human Computer Interactions Interactive Projection Mapping in Heritage: The Anglo Case ...................................337 Gabriela Barber, Marcos Lafluf, Pablo Accuosto and Fernando García Amen Rule-based Security Planning System for Practical Application ................................349 Eonyong Kim, Kibum Kim, Seungyeon Choo and Jikeun Ryu BIM-based Interdisciplinary Collaborations in a Student Project Competition .........360 Salih Ofluoğlu Designing as a Team by Utilizing Analogue Media versus a Computational Tool for Parametric Modeling Lessons Learnt from a Study in an Edu ...................................374 Elif Sezen Yağmur Kilimci and Leman Figen Gül Flat Form: A Software Design for Capturing the Contribution of Personality and Ordinary Activities in Early Design ...........................................................................389 Marilena Sorrou and Mark Meagher Juxtaposed Design Models: A Method for Parallel Exploration in Parametric CAD .402 Halil Erhan and Naghmi Shireen Association Rule Mining to Assess User-Generated Content in Digital Heritage: Participatory Content Making in ‘The Museum of Gamers’ ......................................413 Serdar Aydin, Marc Aurel Schnabel and Iman Sayah Making Sense of Design Space: What Designers Do with Large Numbers of Alternatives? ...............................................................................................................414 Naghmi Shireen, Halil Erhan, Robert Woodbury and Ivy Wang A Matter of Sequence: Investigating the Impact of the Order of Design Decisions in Multi-stage Design Processes .....................................................................................415 Julia Tschetwertak, Sven Schneider, Alexander Hollberg, Dirk Donath and Jürgen Ruth
CAADFutures 17 - xv
Fabrication and Materiality Soft Computing in Design: Developing Automation Strategies from Material Indeterminacies ...........................................................................................................419 Rachel Dickey Constructive Design: Rule Discovery for 3D Printed Decomposed Large Objects ...431 Paloma Gonzalez and Lawrence Sass Igneous Tectonic: Turning Disaster into Resource Through Digital Fabrication ......443 Sergio Araya, Felipe Veliz, Sylvana Quest and Ricardo Trufello Robot-Aided Fabrication of Interwoven Reinforced Concrete Structures .................457 Elif Erdine, Alexandros Kallegias, Angel Fernando Lara Moreira, Pradeep Devadass and Alican Sungur Computing Stitches and Crocheting Geometry ..........................................................458 Özgüç Bertuğ Çapunaman, Cemal Koray Bingöl and Benay Gürsoy
Parametric Tools and Models for Design Practical Trajectories of Parametric Tools in Small and Medium Architectural Firms ...........................................................................................................................461 Adeline Stals, Elsen Catherine and Sylvie Jancart Polymorphic Adaptation .............................................................................................474 Mallika Arora, Sergio Pineda, P. Andrew Williams, Kenneth D.M. Harris and Benson M. Kariuki Algorithm Driven Design: Comparison of Single-Objective and Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithms in the Context of Housing Design ..............................................492 Serkan Kocabay and Sema Alaçam CAMBRIA: Interacting with Multiple CAD Alternatives .........................................509 Sinisa Kolaric, Halil Erhan and Robert Woodbury
Pedagogical Approaches to CAAD Virtual and Augmented Reality in Architectural Design and Education: An Immersive Multimodal Platform to Support Architectural Pedagogy ..........................................513 Julie Milovanovic, Guillaume Moreau, Daniel Siret and Francis Miguet Imitation in Action: A Pedagogical Approach for Making Kinetic Structures ..........533 Dina El-Zanfaly and Sherif Abdelmohsen Meno in the Studio: Design Computation in a Pedagogical Dialogue .......................546 Desantila Hysa and Mine Özkar Challenges in Raising Digital Awareness in Architectural Curriculum .....................563 Güzden Varinlioğlu, Lale Başarır, Özgur Genca, and Zeynep Vaizoğlu
xvi - CAADFutures 17
Augmented and Virtual Reality Environment Studies The Expansion of Virtual Landscape in Digital Games: Classication of Virtual Landscapes Through Principles ..................................................................................567 Ikhwan Kim, Injung Lee and Ji-Hyun Lee Lincoln Cathedral Interactive Virtual Reality Exhibition ...........................................585 Yuqiang Ben, Chantelle Niblock and Lukasz Bonenberg Integration of a Structure from Motion into Virtual and Augmented Reality for Architectural and Urban Simulation: Demonstrated in Real Architectural and Urban Projects ........................................................................................................................596 Tomohiro Fukuda, Hideki Nada, Haruo Adachi, Shunta Shimizu, Chikako Takei, Yusuke Sato, Nobuyoshi Yabuki and Motamedi Ali Studying Co-design: How Place and Representation Would Change the Co-design Behavior? ....................................................................................................................597 Leman Figen Gül, Can Uzun and Müge Halici
Generative Design Systems Interactive Design of Shell Structures Using Multi Agent Systems: Design Exploration of Reciprocal Frames Based on Environmental and Structural Performance ............601 David Jason Gerber, Evangelos Pantazis and Alan Wang Stair Design Using Quantified Smoothness ................................................................617 Abel Groenewolt Towards Intelligent Control in Generative Design .....................................................630 Manuel Muehlbauer, Andy Song and Jane Burry Dense Urban Typologies and the Game of Life: Evolving Cellular Automata ..........648 Theodoros Dounas, Benjamin Spaeth, Hao Wu and Chenke Zhang SILVEREYE: The Implementation of Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm in a Design Optimization Tool ..........................................................................................667 Judyta Cichocka, Agata Migalska, Will N. Browne and Ed. Rodriguez
Rethinking Design in Digital Context Models of Subjectivity and Intentionality in Computational Architecture: From Centralized to Distributed Approach ..........................................................................671 Duygu Tüntaş Karaman Design and Architecture for the Dawn of the Personal Computer: The Pioneer Vision of Adriano Olivetti ..........................................................................................................682 Joao Rocha Outlining Terragni: Calculating the Danteum’s and Mambretti Tomb’s Form and Meaning ......................................................................................................................702 Hayri Dortdivanlioglu and Athanassios Economou
CAADFutures 17 - xvii
An Experimental Methodology for Urban Morphology Analysis Anetta Kepczynska-Walczak 1[0000-0003-4125-2012] and Anna Pietrzak 2*[0000-0003-0881-1214] 1 Lodz
University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
[email protected] 2 Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
[email protected]
Abstract. The paper presents results of a research conducted in 2015 and 2016 at Lodz University of Technology. It proposes a purpose and context fit approach towards the automation of urban data generation based on GIS tools and New Urbanism typologies. First, background studies of methods applied in urban morphology analysis are revealed. Form-Based Code planning, and subsequently Transect-Based Code are taken into account. Then, selected examples from literature are described and discussed. Finally, the research study is presented and the outcomes compared with more traditional methodology. Keywords: GIS · Urban morphology · Spatial analysis · Decision support systems · Urban design · Data analytics · Modelling and simulation
CAADFutures 17 - 111
