Electric Power Components and Systems, 44(7):737–751, 2016 C Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Copyright ISSN: 1532-5008 print / 1532-5016 online DOI: 10.1080/15325008.2015.1131765
Fuzzy Gain Scheduling Controllers for Automatic Generation Control of Two-area Interconnected Electrical Power Systems Yogendra Arya1 and Narendra Kumar2 1
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Maharaja Surajmal Institute of Technology, Janakpuri, New Delhi, India Department of Electrical Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
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CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Power System Models Investigated 3. GA-Based FGS Controllers 4. Simulation Results and Discussions 5. Conclusions References Appendix: Nomenclature and System Data
Abstract—In this study, fuzzy gain scheduling controllers are proposed for automatic generation control of interconnected electrical power systems. Primarily, the study is done for automatic generation control of a two-area non-reheat thermal power system, and the parameters of fuzzy gain scheduling controllers are optimized by a genetic algorithm. Simulation results show the performance of fuzzy gain scheduling controllers is superior compared to the optimal and controllers based upon the gravitational search, the bacteria foraging optimization, and the hybrid bacteria foraging optimization–particle swarm optimization algorithms for an identical power system. The proposed approach is further protracted to a two-area reheat thermal system; the benefits of the fuzzy gain scheduling approach are demonstrated over optimal, conventional proportional-integral, and genetic algorithm-based integral controllers. Next, a multi-source multi-area hydro thermal system is considered, and the superiority of fuzzy gain scheduling controllers is established by comparing the results to the genetic algorithm and best claimed hybrid firefly algorithm–pattern search technique-based controllers. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is established for a two-area restructured reheat thermal power system. The simulation results indicate that the proposed fuzzy gain scheduling controllers work efficiently and provide better dynamic performance without being redesigned for separate systems.
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Keywords: two-area power system, fuzzy logic controller, fuzzy gain scheduling, automatic generation control, optimal control, genetic algorithm, performance index, multi-source power system, restructured power system Received 25 March 2014; accepted 22 November 2015 Address correspondence to Yogendra Arya, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Maharaja Surajmal Institute of Technology, Janakpuri, New Delhi 110058, India. E-mail:
[email protected] Color versions of one or more of the figures in the article can be found online at www.tandfonline.com/uemp.
INTRODUCTION
Large-scale power systems are normally represented by control areas or regions representing coherent groups of generators. The various areas are interwoven through tie-lines [1]. The tie-lines are utilized for contractual energy exchange between different areas and provide inter-area support in case of abnormal conditions. The real and reactive power demands on the power system are never steady but continuously vary with the rising or falling trend. The real and reactive power generations must therefore vary continuously to match the load perturbations. To accomplish this, it becomes necessary to automatically regulate the operation of the main steam valves 737
