2015 Online International Conference on Green Engineering and Technologies (IC-GET 2015)
Home Automation Through FPGA Controller Shubhi sharma, Jagdeesh Boddu, Guru Sai Charan,Sarvesh sharma, S.Sivanantham and K.Sivasankaran School of Electronics Engineering VIT University, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India
[email protected] A. Temperature Sensor Here we are using LM35 as temperature sensor. In this case we will get the output which is proportional to the temperature, the value will be in degree celcius.LM35 is more accurate than normal thermistor. There will not be occurrence of oxidation because of the usage of sealing over the circuitry. On comparing with thermocouple LM35 produces higher output voltages. Since it is producing higher output voltage, there is no need of separate amplification. By means of using this increment as well as decrement in the temperature can understand. It is having maximum supply voltage of 35v and maximum output voltage of 6v.In addition, output current, maximum junction temperature are 10mA, 150degree celcius respectively.
Abstract— In recent years, the home automation has seen a rapid introduction of network enabled digital technologies. These technologies offer new and exciting opportunities to increase the connectivity of devices within the home for the purpose of home automation. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of home automation system. The design has been described using Verilog and implemented in hardware using FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). This system uses sensors for controlling home appliances. The system uses wireless technology to improve the standards of living.
Index terms-- FPGA , sensors, LM35, verilog I. INTRODUCTION
B. Light Dependent Resistor The LDR is made up of photo conductive cells .Cadmium Sulphide is used. By illuminating, the resistance of light sensitive resistors (photo conductive cells) will decrease with increase in the intensity of light. We are using Cadmium Sulphide, because of its specific nature of spectral response which matches with the human eye. On comparing with photo resistive cells they are having shortest response time. It is also characterized by its small size and low cost. Photo conductive cells are also having the peculiarity that their working can be controlled by using simple torch as light source.560 nm to 600nm is is its peak sensitivity wavelength which is in the visible spectral range. It have short response time compared with photo resistive cells .It have response time 30ms, and light resistance is 18 to 50 kilo ohms and dark resistance of 2 Mega Ohms.
The home automation improves the lifestyle of the control of the home devices. As the devices are filling the home, the home appliances are filling the homes to improve the comfort to the user. Here we are using FPGA as controller to control the devices connected to it. We are controlling home appliances using sensors. We are using the FPGA other than the micro controller because we can connect many devices which can be monitored and the FPGA can be used as a controller or a processor. The devices connected to the FPGA are the dc motor, stepper motor and a led .With the help of dc motor we are constructing a robot and controlling the navigation of robot with the help of the android mobile. In this paper we are performing home automation using the finite state machine (FSM) II. OBJECTIVE Our objective is to design a FPGA based home monitoring system. We are using the FPGA other than the micro controller because we can connect many devices which can be monitored and the FPGA can be used as a controller or a processor. The devices connected to the FPGA are the dc motor, stepper motor and a led. The design has been described using Verilog and implemented in hardware using FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). This system uses sensors for controlling home appliances. The system uses wireless technology to improve the standards of living
C. PIR Sensor A passive infrared sensor (PIR sensor) is an electronic sensor that measures infrared (IR) light radiating from objects in its field of view. They are most often used in PIR-based motion Detectors. Usage of circuitry and time saving nature. In addition it is having adjustable sensitivity and output LED indicator. All objects with a temperature above absolute zero emit heat energy in the form of radiation. Usually this radiation is invisible to the human eye because it radiates at infrared wavelengths, but it can be detected by electronic devices designed for such a purpose. The term passive in this instance refers to the fact that PIR devices do not generate or radiate any energy for detection
III. LITERATURE REVIEW In this project we are using temperature sensor, Light Dependent Resistor, PIR sensor integrated with FPGA controller.
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2015 Online International Conference on Green Engineering and Technologies (IC-GET 2015) purposes. They work entirely by detecting the energy given off by other objects. PIR sensors don't detect or measure "heat"; instead they detect the infrared radiation emitted or reflected from an object. IV. METHODOLOGY In this project we are using sensor for operating home appliances i.e. Light, Fan, Sliding Door, and compound light. For this purpose we have integrated the FPGA with IR sensor, LDR sensor, and temperature sensor. Fig.2.Light Dependent resistor
A. LDR Sensors LDRs or Light Dependent Resistors are very useful especially in light/dark sensor circuits. Normally the resistance of an LDR is very high, sometimes as high as 1000 000 ohms, but when they are illuminated with light resistance drops dramatically. The resistance of a photoresistor decreases with increasing incident light intensity; in other words, it exhibits photoconductivity. A photoresistor can be applied in lightsensitive detector circuits, and light- and dark-activated switching circuits. In this project we are using sequence detection method for LDR sensor. We are assigning a sequence (10011) for LDR sensor as threshold value of resistance. In sequence detector continuous serial data coming whenever the required sequence is detected it gives output similarly when LDR’s resistance increase above the sequence (10011) the compound light will be glow. Sequence 10011 is the minimum resistance value of LDR’s above this value voltage drop is sufficient to glow the compound light.
Fig.1.IR Sensor
Human body emits radiation which are not detected by human eyes. For detecting these radiation we are using IR sensor. After detecting signal it send a command signal to FPGA controller to show the output. In this project we are using sequence detection method for IR sensor. We are assigning a sequence (10010) for IR sensor as threshold value of detecting objects. In sequence detector continuous serial data coming whenever the required sequence is detected it gives output similarly IR continuous transmitting signal when object is detect then it will show output. So whenever 10010 sequence detecting the output will be glow. Output of IR sensor is Sliding door. Door will be automatics open.
Fig.3.LDR Sequence Detection B. Temperature sensor We are controlling a A.C. by using temperature sensor. According the temperature A.C. will be start automatically. In this project we are using sequence detection method for temperature sensor. We are assigning a sequence (11011) for temperature sensor as threshold value of temperature. In sequence detector continuous serial data coming whenever the required sequence is detected it gives output.
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2015 Online International Conference on Green Engineering and Technologies (IC-GET 2015) V. SIMULATION
Fig.4.Simulation of IR Sensor
Fig.5.Simulation of LDR Sensor Fig.8.LDR Sensor in FPGA
In this project we are using sequence detection method for LDR sensor. We are assigning a sequence (10011) for LDR sensor as threshold value of resistance. After providing the input sequence we have also assign the clock divider for delay of every 2 second. Using finite state machine methodology we are observing the output when LDR sequence is detected.
Fig.6.Simulation of Temperature Sensor
VI. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Fig.9.Temperature Sensor in FPGA
We are assigning a sequence (11011) for temperature sensor as threshold value of temperature. After providing the input sequence we have also assign the clock divider for delay of every 2 second. Using finite state machine methodology we are observing the output.
Fig.7.IR Sensor
In this project we are using sequence detection method for IR sensor. We are assigning a sequence (10010) for IR sensor as threshold value of detecting objects. After providing the input sequence we have also assign the clock divider for delay of every 2 second. Using finite state machine methodology we are observing the output when IR sequence is detected.
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2015 Online International Conference on Green Engineering and Technologies (IC-GET 2015) [12] C. K. Das, M. Sanaullah, H. M. G. Sarower and M. M.Hassan, “Development of a cell phone based remote control system: an effective switching system for controlling home and office appliances”, Int J of Electrical & Computer Sciences Vol: 9, No: 10, pp. 37- 43, 2004. [13] H. Warren, “Telecommunications”, community college of southern Nevada, Prentice-Hall press USA 2001. [14] S. Jochen, “Mobile communications”, University of Karlsruhe, Pearson Education India 2004. [15] C. K. Alexander, M. N. O. Sadiku, “Fundamentals of Electric Circuits”, Ceveland State University, Prairie View A&M University, MC Graw Hill 2007. [16] Floyd, “Electronic Devices”, Pearson Education International, 2005.
VII. CONCLUSION In our project we have integrated three sensors with FPGA i.e., LDR, PIR sensor and LM35.LDR controls the lighting of the compound. IR sensors operate the opening of garage door. It is also responsible for monitoring the interior lighting and fan regulation. Temperature senor (LM35) manages the temperature control of the air condition. ACKNOWLEDGMENT We acknowledge the help of Prof. Sivasanakar who guided us helped a lot to get idea and methodologies to do this project. We are also thanking our program chair Prof. Harish kittur .We ate indebted to our lab assistant Prof.Karthikeyan and all other faculties of VLSI Design department. Above all we thank god almighty. Also we are thanking to our classmates and family who supported us. REFERENCES [1] S. Kangamalliga, S. Vasuki, A. Vishnu priya, V. Viji, “A zigbee and embedded based security monitoring and control system”, Int J of Info Sci and Tech,Vol.4, No.3,May 2014. [2] Khusvinder Gill, Shung-Hua Yang, Fang Yao, and Xin Lua “Zigbee –Based Home Automation System” IEEE Trans on Consumer Electronics, Vol.55, No.2, MAY 2009. [3] II-Kyu Hwang, Member, Dae-Sung Lee, Jin- Wook Baek. ”Home Network Configuring Scheme for All Electric Appliances Using ZigBee based Integrated Remote Controller” IEEE Trans on Consumer Electronics, Vol.55, No.3, pp 13001307, August 2009. [4] K.N. Sweatha, M. Poornima, M.H. Vinutha “Advance Home Automation Using FPGA Controller” Int J of Advan Research in Computer and Communication Engineering Vol. 2, Issue 7, July 2013. [5] L. Larsson, A. Klindworth, K. Lagemann, “Teaching System Integration using FPGAs”. [6] M. Priyanka Bansode ,Vinayak, B. Kulkarni “FPGA Based Fluid Flow Rate IR Sensor For Microstructures”, Int J of Advance Foundation and Research in Computer (IJAFRC) Vol. 2, January 2015. [7] S. Karthik, T.R. Prasanna Vishal, S.G. Jayaram, K. Priyadarsini “GSM Based Configuration of FPGA”. IOSR J of VLSI and Signal Processing Vol. 4, Issue 4, Aug. 2014. [8] S. Perelson and R. A. Botha, “An Investigation intoControl for Mobile Devices”, ISSA, Gallagher Estate, Johannesburg South Africa, 2004.
[9] R. Shahriyar, E. Hoque, S. Sohan, I. Naim, M. Akbar, M. Khan, “ Remote Controlling of Home Appliance using Mobile Telephony”, Int J of Smart Home, Vol.2,no.3,July 2008. [10] I. Coskun H. Ardam, “A Remote Controller for Home and Office Appliances by Telephone”, IEEE Trans. Consumer Electron. , vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 1291- 1297, November 1998. [11] R. Shahriyar, E. Hoque, S. Sohan, I. Naim, M. Akbar, M. Khan,“Controlling Remote System using Mobile Telephony”, ACM Mobilware , February 2008.
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