Integration of IEEE1451 Sensor Networks and UPnP - CiteSeerX

Integration of IEEE1451 Sensor Networks and UPnP Jongwoo Sung, Taehong Kim, Daeyoung Kim Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology {jwsung, damiano, kimd}@kaist.ac.kr Abstract—For adopting wireless sensor network in consumer networks, easy configuration and standard based interoperable operations are important. General device–controller approach in service discovery protocols like UPnP allows sensor networks to be discovered and accessed as general UPnP devices via gateways. However, users also need standard capability information that fully describes sensor types, attributes, operations, and calibration to utilize sensor nodes. Integration of IEEE1451 architecture and UPnP network enables selfidentification of sensor nodes and “plug and play” capability. In this short paper, we present a management system based on integration of IEEE1451 sensor networks and UPnP. Index Terms — wireless sensor networks, IEEE1451, UPnP.

I. INTRODUCTION A service discovery middleware like UPnP allows control points to find devices and services and to retrieve descriptions about them in order to learn all about the device and services. The description is expressed in XML based schemas and includes a list of commands, arguments for actions and state variables as well as manufacturer specific information. Compared with standard UPnP devices like audio/video devices or printers, WSNs have unique considerations: 1) severe resource constraints prohibit sensor nodes to run UPnP stack using TCP/IP and SOAP; 2) many numbers of sensor nodes make it difficult to deal with them individually; 3) UPnP identification needs to be integrated with dynamically changing WSN addresses; and 4) due to large functional variations from a simple on/off switch to a complex fire detection system, it is not easy to standardize sensor node applications and capabilities. To control and manage wireless sensor networks in consumer networks, gateway architecture, that plays a role of intermediate translators between UPnP networks and non-UPnP sensor networks, has been researched. In [2][3] an intermediate base station, acts as a gateway or a proxy, creates virtual UPnP devices for non-UPnP sensor nodes according to application profiles information. The base station then translates communication protocols from binary-based sensor node messages to XML schema-based UPnP messages and vice versa.

This work was supported by Korea Science & Engineering Foundation through the national research lab (NRL) Program 2009.

Since the base station depends on templates or prior knowledge about sensor node messages and protocols during translation process, it needs to understand WSN profiles or implement UPnP device description previously. However it is not suitable for customdeveloped gateway to either support all types of ZigBee profiles in advances or support vender-defined applications. In addition a custom gateway, tightly coupled with specific ZigBee profiles or applications, make it difficult to integrate different sensor networks with centralized coordination (i.e. home servers) in consumer networks. IEEE1451 provides standard operations and application programming interfaces to discover capability information and to access sensing data using pre-defined message structures. It provides a set of common architectures and protocols to enable smart sensors to be self-identified and connected to the base station (Network Capable Processor, NCAP) by storing Transducer Electronic Data Sheets (TEDS) in its memory. The base station can retrieve the TEDs that describe critical information needed to identify, characterize, interface and properly access them. Integration of IEEE 1451 architecture and UPnP network realize self-identification of sensor nodes and “plug and play” capability. IEEE1451 sensor nodes can be integrated into systems and be configured by the base station without previous knowledge of the sensor nodes. It consists of four tightly coupled phases: 1) sensor node discovery; 2) TEDS query; 3) translation based on TEDS; 4) sensor node configuration; and 5) data exchange data, as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 architecture of IEEE1451 sensor network and UPnP

II. PROPOSED ARCHITECTURE The IEEE1451 standard provides communications between user’s network and IEEE1451.0 layer. An API is also provided between IEEE1451.0 layer and the underlying physical layers of IEEE1451.5. IEEE1451.5 ZigBee provides Bulk transfer profile for applications to interact with the devices. Basically we map discovery, TEDS query, configuration and data exchange in IEEE 1451 between sensor nodes (WTIM, wireless transducer independent module) and the base station (NCAP, Networked Capable Processor) to UPnP protocols between the base station and UPnP control points, as shown in Figure 2. They are explained blow.

that constitute clusters in sensor nodes. Operations are enabled by attributes and command frames.

D. Data exchange Data is transferred between the base station and sensor nodes to read various sensing values. Figure 3 shows an example of message translation between IEEE1451 messages [1] and UPnP controls.

Figure 3 message translation between IEEE1451 and UPnP

Figure 2 logical diagrams of IEEE 1451 sensor network and UPnP

A. discovery phase The base station uses ZigBee Device_annce provided to enable ZigBee devices on the network to notify other ZigBee devices that the device has joined or re-joined the network. Sensor nodes announce their 16 bit network addresses to a base station for any topology change. The base station maintains a list of identifiers and network addresses mapping.

B. TEDS query The base station requests TEDs in each ZigBee sensor nodes. TEDS correspond to device/service description in UPnP, and it is necessary to translate IEEE1451 TEDS (binary or text) into XML based UPnP description forms. The IEEE1451.0 provides TEDs consisting of four mandatory TEDS including Meta-TEDS, transducer channel TEDS, User’s Transducer Name TEDS and PHY TEDS and other optional TEDS.

C. Configuration The base station configures ZigBee sensor nodes after translating based on TEDS. Service controls in UPnP are translated into operations against attributes

III. CONCLUSION In this short report we proposed integration of IEEE 1451 architecture and UPnP network for plug and play consumer networks. To translate sensor node messages and protocols to UPnP network in the gateway we used IEEE1451 TEDs as electronic descriptions. The base station translates IEEE 1451 messages and protocols to relevant UPnP messages based on acquired TEDs. For the proof of concept we developed prototyping system based on Intel UPnP stack and IEEE1451 sensor nodes. REFERENCES [1]

[2]

[3]

Jorge Higuera, Jose Polo, Manel Gasulla, “A ZigBee wireless sensor network compliant with the IEEE1451 standard,” IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium, New Orleans, LA, USA, Februrary 17-19, 2009. “DLNA/UPnP-ZigBee Gateway Specifications,” ALPHA SYSTEMS INC. and interoperability Tecnonology Association for Infomraiton Processing, Japan, August 2007. Seong Hoon Kim, Jeong Seok Kang, Kwang Kook Lee, Hong Seong Park, Sung Ho Baeg, and Jea Han Park, “A UPnPZigBee Software Bridge,” 2007 International Conference on Computational Science and its Applications, LNCS, vol 4705, pp. 346-359, Aug. 2007.