Investigation of physical-mechanical and performance ...

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Investigation of physical-mechanical and performance properties of glass fiber reinforced polyurethane materials used in the machine building industry To cite this article: L N Shafigullin et al 2017 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng. 240 012063

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IETEM IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 240 (2017) 012063 doi:10.1088/1757-899X/240/1/012063 1234567890

Investigation of physical-mechanical and performance properties of glass fiber reinforced polyurethane materials used in the machine building industry L N Shafigullin1, V I Astashchenko1, N V Romanova1, A R Ibragimov1, G R Shafigullina1 and A N Shafigullina1 1

Naberezhnye Chelny Institute (branch), Kazan Federal University Sjujumbike street 10а, Naberezhnye Chelny, 423800 Tatarstan, Russia [email protected]

Abstract. The paper presents the investigation of physical-mechanical and performance properties of the glass fiber reinforced polyurethane (PUR) materials made using the long fiber injection process. It was found that glass fiber reinforced polyurethane could be used to manufacture interior parts with different surface textures (instrument panels, door trim, armrests).

1. Introduction Today hundreds of elastic and rigid gas-expanded material brands are manufactured from synthetic resins, natural rubber and high molecular compounds. These materials include polyurethanes (PUR) which are used in all the manufacturing and construction sectors [1]. The present-day PURs have low production cost, low toxicity, allow operation in a wide temperature range. Due to a large number of PUR components their properties may vary widely [2]. Polyurethanes are used as noise- and heat-insulating materials, to manufacture vehicle interior and exterior parts, decorative features in construction. Reinforced polyurethanes are used as structural materials [3]. Glass fiber reinforced polyurethanes make it possible to manufacture large-sized components with a multilayer structure. It consists of the various combinations of hard and porous polyurethane, short and long glass fibers to meet different performance and aesthetic requirements in a variety of applications. Glass fiber reinforced PURs are the analogues of fiberglass, ABS sheets (acrylonitrilebutadiene-styrene copolymer) and acryl (polymethyl methacrylate) which are currently in use. Today removal of styrene monomers and other similar solvents from high-volume manufacturing is not only an economic advantage but also important factor in terms of occupational safety and health, and environmental security. 2. Body text The investigations were made on the products which consist of polyurethane film (surface layer), glass fiber reinforced rigid polyurethane (reinforced layer (base)), semi-rigid PUR (intermediate (bonding layer)). The products were manufactured using long fiber injection technology (LFI) [6]. The table shows the results of the investigation of mechanical and performance properties. The tests were performed at a temperature of 21°С, air humidity of 55%.

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The test results revealed the high values of physical-mechanical and performance properties of glass fiber reinforced PURs. The obtained results allow us to recommend glass fiber reinforced PURs as an alternative for conventional fiberglass materials in the production of interior parts with various surface textures (instrument panels, door trim, armrests) [6]. Table. Physical-mechanical and performance properties of products made of glass fiber reinforced PUR Property name Tensile strength of the surface layer, kgf Longitudinal direction Transverse direction Ultimate elongation of the surface layer, % Longitudinal direction Transverse direction Strength of bond between the surface layer, semi-rigid PUR and reinforced layer

Temperature resistance: +100 ºС for 12 hours -45 ºС for 16 hours

Cold resistance -45 ºС for 6 hours

Heat resistance (change in part geometry, %)

Shrinkage, %

Moisture resistance, % wt.

Product 1

Test results Product 2

Product 3

45 43

45 43

45 43

237 193 No cracks on the surface, no layer separation in the part

192 180

187 193 No cracks on the surface, no layer separation in the part No separation of the surface layer, no changes in appearance, no deformation, no layer separation

–

No separation of No separation of the surface layer, the surface layer, no changes in no changes in appearance, no appearance, no deformation, no deformation, no layer separation layer separation

No changes in appearance



0.47 No separation and swelling of the surface layer



0.22

–

0.16

0.35 (no separation and swelling of the surface layer)

–

2

0.35 (no separation and swelling of the surface layer )

Test methods

GOST 17316 [7]

GOST 17317 [8]

TTM 37.102.0026 – 2007 procedure p.1 [9]

TTM 37.102.0026 – 2007 procedure p.3 [9] ТТМ 37.102.0026 – 2007 procedure p.2. [9] ТТМ 37.102.0026 – 2007 procedure p.5. [9] ТТМ 37.102.0026 – 2007 procedure p.4. [9]


Odor intensity, points, maximum

1.0 (allowed for use)

2 (allowed for use)

1.0 (allowed for use)

ТТМ 37.102.0026 – 2007 procedure p.6. [9]

3. Conclusions LFI technology helps to increase the production flexibility and quality, reduce the production cost of products, especially large-sized ones, thanks to a high quality of manufacturing and a lower amount of production waste. References [1] Internet resource: Gas-expanded plastic materials (expanded polystyrene). Available at http://chem21.info/info/895542/ (accessed 13.11.2015) [2] Terenteva N N, Danilov V A, Kuzmin M V and Verkhunov S M 2007 Laboratornyi praktikum po distsipline khimiia poliuretanov [Polyurethane chemistry laboratory practicum] (Cheboksary: Ulianov Chuvash State University Publ.) p 97 [3] Internet resource: Avtotekhnik OOO. Available at http://автотехник.net/ru/news/44-osvoenonovoe-izdelie-2014.html (accessed 13.11.2015) [4] Internet resource: http://www.dow-izolan.com/ru/products/ (accessed 06.07.2016) [5] Internet resource: http://poly-tex.ru/fiberglass/glass-roving/ (accessed 06.07.2016) [6] Internet resource: http://www.nccrussia.com/ru/lfi (accessed 14.10.2016) [7] GOST 17316−71 1972 Artificial soft leather. Measuring method of tearing load and elongation of break (Moscow, Izdatelstvo Standartov Publ.) [8] GOST 17317−88 1988 Artificial leather. Method for determination of interlayer bonding strength (Moscow, Izdatelstvo Standartov Publ.) [9] Material specification No. 37.102.0026. 2007.

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