Modern Encryption Standard(MES) version-I: An Advanced Cryptographic. Method. Somdip Dey. Department of Computer Science. St. Xavier's College ...
0RGHUQ(QFU\SWLRQ6WDQGDUG 0(6 YHUVLRQ, $Q$GYDQFHG&U\SWRJUDSKLF 0HWKRG
6RPGLS'H\
$VRNH1DWK
'HSDUWPHQWRI&RPSXWHU6FLHQFH 6W;DYLHU¶V&ROOHJH>$XWRQRPRXV@ .RONDWD,QGLD HPDLO VRPGLSGH\#LHHHRUJ VRPGLSGH\#DFPRUJ
'HSDUWPHQWRI&RPSXWHU6FLHQFH 6W;DYLHU¶V&ROOHJH>$XWRQRPRXV@ .RONDWD,QGLD HPDLO DVRNHMR\#JPDLOFRP
$EVWUDFW²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
,
HQFU\SWLRQSXUSRVHDQGWKHVDPHNH\LVXVHGIRUGHFU\SWLRQ DOVR :KHUHDVLQ3XEOLF.H\&U\SWRJUDSK\RQHNH\LVXVHGIRU HQFU\SWLRQ WHFKQLTXH DQG DQRWKHU NH\ ZKLFK LV EDVLFDOO\ FDOOHGDµ3XEOLF.H\¶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
,1752'8&7,21
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
c 978-1-4673-4805-8/12/$31.00 2012 IEEE
0(69(56,21,0(7+2'
$ $OJRULWKPRI0(69HUVLRQ, ,Q WKLV VHFWLRQ ZH GLVFXVV WKH DOJRULWKP ZKLFK LV IROORZHGE\0(69HUVLRQ,&LSKHUPHWKRG7KH$OJRULWKP LVDVIROORZV (QFU\SWLRQ$OJRUWLKP • 6WHS 6SOLW SODLQ WH[W ILOH WHVWGDWDW[W LQWR ILOHV WW[W DQGWW[W • 6WHS (QFU\SWWW[WXVLQJ77-6$PHWKRG >WW[W!(QFU\SW!WW[W@ • 6WHS (QFU\SWWW[WXVLQJ77-6$PHWKRG >WW[W!(QFU\SW!WW[W@ • 6WHS (QFU\SWWW[WXVLQJ77-6$PHWKRG
242
>WW[W!(QFU\SW!WHW[W@
•
• 6WHS &RPELQHWHW[WDQGWW[W >WHW[WWTW[W!&RPELQH!WHW[W@
>WW[W!'HFU\SW!WGW[W@ •
• 6WHS (QFU\SWWHW[WXVLQJ'-6$PHWKRG >WHW[W!(QFU\SW!WHW[W@
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
'HFU\SWLRQ$OJRULWKP 6WHS 'HFU\SWWQHIW[WXVLQJ77-6$ >7QHIW[W!'HFU\SW!WW[W @
•
6WHS 'HFU\SWXVLQJ'-6$PHWKRG >WW[W!'HFU\SW!WGW[W @
•
6WHS 6SOLWWGW[WLQWRWZRILOHV >WGW[W!6SOLW!WW[WWW[W @
•
6WHS &RPELQHWGIW[WDQGWGIW[W >WGIW[WWGIW[W!&RPELQH!WIW[W@
•
WIW[WLVWKHILQDOGHFU\SWHGILOHWIW[WZLOOEHVDPH DVWHVWGDWDW[W
6RWKHILQDOHQFU\SWHGILOHZLOOEHWQHIW[W
•
6WHS 'HFU\SWWGW[WXVLQJ77-6$PHWKRG >WGW[W!'HFU\SW!WGIW[W@
• 6WHS (QFU\SWWQHHW[WXVLQJ77-6$ >WQHHW[W!(QFU\SW!WQHIW[W@
6WHS 'HFU\SWWGW[WXVLQJ77-6$PHWKRG >WGW[W!'HFU\SW!WGIW[W@
• 6WHS (QFU\SWXVLQJ'-6$PHWKRG >WQHW[W!(QFU\SW!WQHHW[W@
6WHS 'HFU\SWWGW[WXVLQJ77-6$PHWKRG >WGW[W!'HFU\SW!WGW[W@
• 6WHS &RPELQHWQW[WWQW[WILOHV >WQW[WWQW[W!&RPELQH!WQHW[W@
6WHS 6SOLWWBGW[WLQWRILOHV >WBGW[W!6SOLW!WGW[WWGW[W@
• 6WHS (QFU\SWWHW[WXVLQJ77-6$ >WHW[W!(QFU\SW!WQW[W@
6WHS 'HFU\SWWBW[WXVLQJ'-6$PHWKRG >WBW[W!'HFU\SW!WBGW[W@
• 6WHS (QFU\SWWHW[WXVLQJ77-6$ >WHW[W!(QFU\SW!WQW[W@
6WHS &RPELQHWGW[WDQGWGW[W >WGW[WWGW[W!&RPELQH!WBW[W@
• 6WHS 6SOLWWHW[WLQWRILOHV >WHW[W!6SOLW!WHW[WWHW[W@
6WHS 'HFU\SWWW[WXVLQJ77-6$
6WHS 'HFU\SWWW[WXVLQJ77-6$ >WW[W!'HFU\SW!WGW[W @
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
2012 World Congress on Information and Communication Technologies
243
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
244
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³UDQGRPL]DWLRQQXPEHU´DQG³HQFU\SWLRQQXPEHU´ 1RZ WKH UDQGRPL]DWLRQ QXPEHU LV XVHG WR UDQGRPL]H WKHNH\DQGWKHHQFU\SWLRQQXPEHULVXVHGWRHQFU\SWWKHILOH µHQFU\SWLRQQXPEHU¶RIWLPHV7KHQWKHUDQGRPL]HGNH\LV XVHG WR HQFU\SW WKH RULJLQDO ILOH µHQFU\SWLRQ QXPEHU¶ RI WLPHVOLNHWKHXVXDO3OD\IDLU&LSKHUPHWKRG ,,, %/2&.',$*5$02)7+(352326('0(7+2' ,Q WKLV VHFWLRQ ZH SURYLGH WKH EORFN GLDJUDP RI 0(6 9HUVLRQ,&LSKHU0HWKRG
)LJ %ORFN'LDJUDPRI0(69HUVLRQ,
2012 World Congress on Information and Communication Technologies
,9 5(68/76$1'',6&866,216 7KH PHWKRG GLVFXVVHG LQ WKLV SDSHU KDV EHHQ WHVWHG RQ YDULRXV ILOH W\SHV DQG WKH UHVXOWV ZHUH YHU\ VDWLVIDFWRU\ ,Q 7DEOH,ZHSURYLGHWZRVXFKWHVWFDVHV 7DEOH, 7HVW&DVHV 6HULDO1R 7HVW&DVHV )LOHFRQWDLQLQJ E\WHVRI $6&,,9DOXH LH18// )LOHFRQWDLQLQJDQDUWLFOHRI VL]HE\WHV $ 7HVW&DVH )LJVKRZVWKHIUHTXHQF\DQDO\VLVRIWKHRULJLQDOILOH RI WHVW FDVH DQG )LJ VKRZV WKH IUHTXHQF\ DQDO\VLV RI WKHHQFU\SWHGILOHRIWHVWFDVH
)LJ )UHTXHQF\RI&KDUDFWHUVRI7HVW&DVH
)LJ )UHTXHQF\RI&KDUDFWHUVRI7HVW&DVH
)LJ )UHTXHQF\RI(QFU\SWHG&KDUDFWHURI7HVW&DVH 9
)LJ )UHTXHQF\RI(QFU\SWHG&KDUDFWHUVRI7HVW&DVH
&5@ 6\PPHWULF .H\ &U\SWRJUDSK\ XVLQJ 5DQGRP .H\ JHQHUDWRU $VRNH 1DWK 6DLPD *KRVK 0HKHERRE $ODP 0DOOLN ³3URFHHGLQJV RI ,QWHUQDWLRQDOFRQIHUHQFHRQVHFXULW\DQGPDQDJHPHQW 6$0¶´KHOG DW/DV9HJDV86$-XOO 39RO >@ 1HZ 6\PPHWULF NH\ &U\SWRJUDSKLF DOJRULWKP XVLQJ FRPELQHG ELW PDQLSXODWLRQ DQG 06$ HQFU\SWLRQ DOJRULWKP 1--6$$ V\PPHWULF NH\ DOJRULWKP 1HHUDM .KDQQD-RHO -DPHV-R\VKUHH 1DWK 6D\DQWDQ &KDNUDERUW\ $PODQ &KDNUDEDUWL DQG $VRNH 1DWK 3URFHHGLQJV RI ,((( &617 KHOG DW 609'8 -DPPX -XQH 3DJH >@ $GYDQFHG 6\PPHWULF NH\ &U\SWRJUDSK\ XVLQJ H[WHQGHG 06$ PHWKRG '-66$ V\PPHWULF NH\ DOJRULWKP 'ULSWR &KDWWHUMHH -R\VKUHH 1DWK 6RXPLWUD 0RQGDO 6XYDGHHS 'DVJXSWD DQG $VRNH 1DWK-RXQDORI&RPSXWLQJ9ROLVVXH3DJH)HE >@ $QHZ6\PPHWULFNH\&U\SWRJUDSK\$OJRULWKPXVLQJH[WHQGHG06$ PHWKRG '-6$V\PPHWULFNH\DOJRULWKP'ULSWR&KDWWHUMHH-R\VKUHH 1DWK 6XYDGHHS 'DVJXSWD DQG $VRNH 1DWK 3URFHHGLQJV RI ,((( &617 KHOG DW 609'8 -DPPX -XQH 3DJH >@ 6RPGLS 'H\ ³6'5(( $ &U\SWRJUDSKLF 0HWKRG 7R ([FOXGH 5HSHWLWLRQ )URP D 0HVVDJH´ 3URFHHGLQJV RI 7KH ,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RQIHUHQFHRQ,QIRUPDWLFV $SSOLFDWLRQV ,&,$ 0DOD\VLDS ±
2012 World Congress on Information and Communication Technologies
>@ 6RPGLS 'H\ ³6'$5(( $ 1HZ 0RGLILHG &DHVDU &LSKHU &U\SWRJUDSKLF 0HWKRG $ORQJ ZLWK %LW0DQLSXODWLRQ WR ([FOXGH 5HSHWLWLRQ IURP D 0HVVDJH WR EH (QFU\SWHG´ -RXUQDO &RPSXWLQJ 5HVHDUFK5HSRVLWRU\&R55YRODEV >@ 6RPGLS 'H\ -R\VKUHH 1DWKDQG $VRNH 1DWK $UWLFOH $Q $GYDQFHG &RPELQHG 6\PPHWULF .H\ &U\SWRJUDSKLF 0HWKRG XVLQJ %LW 0DQLSXODWLRQ %LW 5HYHUVDO 0RGLILHG &DHVDU &LSKHU 6'5(( '-6$ PHWKRG 77-6$ PHWKRG 6-$, $OJRULWKP,QWHUQDWLRQDO -RXUQDO RI &RPSXWHU $SSOLFDWLRQV 0D\ 3XEOLVKHGE\)RXQGDWLRQRI&RPSXWHU6FLHQFH1HZ @ 6RPGLS 'H\-R\VKUHH 1DWK$VRNH 1DWK$Q ,QWHJUDWHG 6\PPHWULF .H\ &U\SWRJUDSKLF 0HWKRG ± $PDOJDPDWLRQ RI 77-6$ $OJRULWKP $GYDQFHG &DHVDU &LSKHU $OJRULWKP %LW 5RWDWLRQ DQG 5HYHUVDO 0HWKRG 6-$$OJRULWKP,-0(&6YROQRSS >@ 6RPGLS'H\³6'(, $FU\SWRJUDSKLFWHFKQLTXHWRHQFU\SWLPDJHV´ ,((( ,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RQIHUHQFH RQ &\EHU 6HFXULW\ &\EHU :DUIDUHDQG'LJLWDO)RUHQVLF &\EHU6HF SS >@ 6RPGLS 'H\ ³6'$(, $Q DGYDQFHG HQFU\SWLRQ WHFKQLTXH IRU LPDJHV´ ,((( 6HFRQG ,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RQIHUHQFH RQ 'LJLWDO ,QIRUPDWLRQ3URFHVVLQJDQG&RPPXQLFDWLRQV ,&',3& SS >@ 6\PPHWULFNH\&U\SWRJUDSK\XVLQJPRGLILHG'-66$V\PPHWULFNH\ DOJRULWKP 'ULSWR &KDWWHUMHH -R\VKUHH 1DWK 6DQNDU 'DV 6KDODEK $JDUZDO DQG $VRNH 1DWK 3URFHHGLQJV RI ,QWHUQDWLRQDO
>@
>@
>@
>@
>@
FRQIHUHQFH :RUOGFRPS KHOG DW /DV9HJDV -XO\ 3DJH9RO $Q ,QWHJUDWHG V\PPHWULF NH\ FU\SWRJUDSK\ DOJRULWKP XVLQJ JHQHUDOL]HG YHUQDP FLSKHU PHWKRG DQG '-6$ PHWKRG '-01$ V\PPHWULFNH\DOJRULWKP 'HEDQMDQ'DV-R\VKUHH1DWK0HJKRORYD 0XNKHUMHH1HKD&KDXGKXU\DQG$VRNH1DWK 3URFHHGLQJVRI,((( ,QWHUQDWLRQDOFRQIHUHQFH :RUOG&RQJUHVV:,&7WREHKHOGDW 0XPEDL8QLYHUVLW\'HF3DJH1R 6RPGLS 'H\ ³$Q ,PDJH (QFU\SWLRQ 0HWKRG 6'$GYDQFHG ,PDJH (QFU\SWLRQ 6WDQGDUG 6'$,(6´ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO -RXUQDO RI &\EHU 6HFXULW\DQG'LJLWDO)RUHQVLFV ,-&6') SS 6RPGLS 'H\ ³$PDOJDPDWLRQ RI &\FOLF %LW 2SHUDWLRQ LQ 6'(, ,PDJH(QFU\SWLRQ0HWKRG $Q$GYDQFHG9HUVLRQRI6'(,0HWKRG 6'(, 9HU´ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO -RXUQDO RI &\EHU6HFXULW\ DQG 'LJLWDO )RUHQVLFV ,-&6') SS 6\PPHWULF NH\ &U\SWRJUDSK\ XVLQJ WZRZD\ XSGDWHG ± *HQHUDOL]HG 9HUQDP &LSKHU PHWKRG 776-$ DOJRULWKP 7ULVKD &KDWWHUMHH 7DPRGHHS 'DV 6KD\DQ GH\ -R\VKUHH 1DWK $VRNH 1DWK ,QWHUQDWLRQDO-RXUQDORI&RPSXWHU$SSOLFDWLRQV ,-&$86$ 9RO 1R0DUFK3J %LW /HYHO (QFU\SWLRQ 6WDQGDUG %/(6 9HUVLRQ, 1HHUDM .KDQQD 'ULSWR &KDWWHUMHH -R\VKUHH 1DWK $VRNH 1DWK ,QWHUQDWLRQDO -RXUQDO RI &RPSXWHU $SSOLFDWLRQV ,-&$ 86$ 9RO 1R 3J
2012 World Congress on Information and Communication Technologies
247
