On the volume of unit vector fields on spaces of constant sectional
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On the volume of unit vector fields on spaces of constant sectional
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Comment. Math. Helv. 79 (2004) 300–316 0010-2571/04/020300-17 DOI 10.1007/s00014-004-0802-4
c 2004 Birkh¨ auser Verlag, Basel
Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici
On the volume of unit vector fields on spaces of constant sectional curvature Fabiano B. Brito, Pablo M. Chac´ on and A. M. Naveira Abstract. A unit vector field X on a Riemannian manifold determines a submanifold in the unit tangent bundle. The volume of X is the volume of this submanifold for the induced Sasaki metric. It is known that the parallel fields are the trivial minima. In this paper, we obtain a lower bound for the volume in terms of the integrals of the 2i-symmetric functions of the second fundamental form of the orthogonal distribution to the field X. In the spheres S2k+1 , this lower bound is independent of X. Consequently, the volume of a unit vector field on an odd-sphere is always greater than the volume of the radial field. The main theorem on volumes is applied also to hyperbolic compact spaces, giving a non-trivial lower bound of the volume of unit fields. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000). 53C20, 58E35. Keywords. Unit vector fields, Sasaki metric, volume functional, spaces forms.
1. Introduction Let M n be a closed oriented Riemannian manifold and X a unit vector field defined on M . The volume of X was defined in [GZ] by vol(X) = vol X(M ) , where X : M → T 1 M is seen as a smooth section on the unit tangent bundle T 1 M , endowed with the Sasaki metric, and vol X(M ) is the volume of the submanifold X(M ) ⊂ T 1 M . A metric formula for the volume of a unit vector field X is given by (see [GZ] and [J]) det(Id + (∇X)t (∇X))ν = vol(X) = M
First author was supported by CNPq (Brazil) Grant No. 301207/80 and by Fapesp (Brazil) Proj. Tem. No. 1999/02684-5. Second and third authors are partially supported by DGI (Spain) Grant No. BFM 2001-3548 and CCEGV (Spain) Grant No. GR00-52. During the elaboration of this paper second author was also partially supported by Fapesp (Brazil).