circuits with AND logic and OR logic principles using switches. Pesan :
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Experimental Examination, IMSO 2007, Jakarta, 14 November 2007 Name: __________________________________; Country: ____________________
FUN WITH DIGITALS Mrs. Ana is driving her new car which is equipped with a good safety system. The engine of the car can only be started if its doors are locked and the seat belt is fastened. If both conditions are not fulfilled, the engine can not be started. In science, those conditions are described by the AND logic.
Many buildings are equipped with fire detection alarm system. The alarm will be automatically turned on if the system detects smoke, or the fire alarm button is deliberately pushed. The alarm will turn on if at least one of the above conditions is fulfilled. In science, those conditions are described by the OR logic.
There are many electric appliances such as lights, refigerators, TV and so on in our houses that are equipped with switches to turn them on and off. If the switch is in the ON position, those appliances will turn on because electric current can flow through them. Now, we will play with lamp. The lamp will be turn on and off with the help of digital circuits with AND logic and OR logic principles using switches.
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Experimental Examination, IMSO 2007, Jakarta, 14 November 2007 Name: __________________________________; Country: ____________________
Provided electronic kits: 1. One set of main board consisting of : a. a socket for extension board b. a main lamp (actually it is a LED, light emitting diode) c. indicator lamps (LEDs) d. four switches (S1, S2, S3, and S4) e. a buzzer f. batteries in black box
Indicator lamps
Main lamp
Battery switch
Socket
Batteries
Switches 2. Five extension boards (logic boards):
Experimental Examination, IMSO 2007, Jakarta, 14 November 2007 Name: __________________________________; Country: ____________________
ACTIVITY 1
1. Plug the pins on the downside of Board A (AND logic) onto the socket on the main board properly (see the picture below).
2. Set on the batteries by changing the switch on the black box to ON position. Batteries are working properly if the red indicator lamp lights on. 3. The logic board is working properly if the green indicator lights on. 4. In this activity, you will have to change the positions of S1 and S2 switches to ON or OFF according to the Table 1 below. The positions of S3 and S4 are ignored. • Write “ON” in the Main Lamp column (L) if the main lamp lights on, • Write “OFF” in the Main Lamp column (L) if the main lamp lights off. 5. Turn off the batteries by changing the switch on the black box to OFF position after completing the table. Table 1. Board A (AND) No.
S1
S2
Main Lamp (L)
1
OFF
OFF
OFF
2
OFF
ON
OFF
3
ON
OFF
OFF
4
ON
ON
ON (Total Score 4)
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Experimental Examination, IMSO 2007, Jakarta, 14 November 2007 Name: __________________________________; Country: ____________________
ACTIVITY 2
1. Unplug Board A and plug Board B (OR logic) onto the socket in the main board properly. 2. Set on the batteries by changing the switch on the black box to ON position. Batteries are working properly if the red indicator lamp lights on. 3. The logic board is working properly if the green indicator lights on. 4. Change the positions of S1 and S2 switches to ON or OFF according the Table 2 below. The positions of S3 and S4 are ignored. • Write “ON” in the Main Lamp column (L) if the main lamp lights on, • Write “OFF” in the Main Lamp column (L) if the main lamp lights off. 5. Turn off the batteries by changing the switch on the black box to OFF position after completing the table Table 2. Board B (OR Logic) No.
S1
S2
Main Lamp (L)
1
OFF
OFF
OFF
2
OFF
ON
ON
3
ON
OFF
ON
4
ON
ON
ON (Total Score 4)
Question 1 : From the Table 1 and Table 2, explain how the AND logic and the OR logic work? Answer: AND logic Æ if at least one of the inputs is OFF then the output is OFF If both inputs are ON then the output is ON OR logic Æ if at least one of the inputs is ON then the output is ON If both inputs are OFF then the output is OFF (Score 4)
ACTIVITY 3
Experimental Examination, IMSO 2007, Jakarta, 14 November 2007 Name: __________________________________; Country: ____________________ You are requested to find the unknown logics (X1 and X2) on the Board C. 1. Unplug Board B and plug Board C onto the socket in the main board properly. 2. Set on the batteries by changing the switch on the black box to ON position. Batteries are working properly if the red indicator lamp lights on. 3. The logic board is working properly if the green indicator lights on. 4. Change the positions of S1, S2 and S3 switches to ON or OFF a according the Table 3 below. The position of S4 is ignored. • For each arrangement of S1, S2 and S3, write “ON” in the Main Lamp column (L) if the main lamp lights on, and write “OFF” if the main lamp lights off 1. Turn off the batteries by changing the switch on the black box to OFF position after completing the table.
Table 3. Board C No.
S1
S2
S3
1
OFF
OFF
OFF
2
OFF
OFF
ON
3
OFF
ON
OFF
4
OFF
ON
ON
5
ON
OFF
OFF
6
ON
OFF
ON
7
ON
ON
OFF
8
ON
ON
ON
Main Lamp (L)
(Score 8) Question 2: Use the Table 3 to answers the following questions: (a) What is the logic of X1, is it AND or OR? Explain your answer. (Score 2) AND
(b) What is the logic of X2, is it AND or OR? Explain your answer.
Experimental Examination, IMSO 2007, Jakarta, 14 November 2007 Name: __________________________________; Country: ____________________
(Score 2)
Experimental Examination, IMSO 2007, Jakarta, 14 November 2007 Name: __________________________________; Country: ____________________
ACTIVITY 4
You are requested to find the unknown logics (X3, X4 and X5) on Board D. 2. Unplug Board C and plug Board D onto the socket in the main board properly. 3. Repeat step 2 to step 3 in Activity 1. 4. Change the positions of S1, S2, S3 and S4 switches to ON or OFF according to the Table 4 below. You are free to select the combination of S1, S2, S3 and S4 positions for each empty row in Table 4. • For each arrangement of S1, S2, S3 and S4, write “ON” in the Main Lamp column (L) if the main lamp lights on, and write “OFF” if the main lamp lights off. Table 4. Board D No.
S1
S2
S3
S4
1
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
2
OFF
OFF
OFF
ON
3
OFF
OFF
ON
OFF
4
OFF
OFF
ON
ON
5
OFF
ON
OFF
OFF
6
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
7
OFF
ON
ON
OFF
8
OFF
ON
ON
ON
9
ON
OFF
OFF
OFF
10
ON
OFF
OFF
ON
11
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
12
ON
OFF
ON
ON
13
ON
ON
OFF
OFF
14
ON
ON
OFF
ON
15
ON
ON
ON
OFF
16
ON
ON
ON
ON
Main Lamp (L)
(Score 16)
Experimental Examination, IMSO 2007, Jakarta, 14 November 2007 Name: __________________________________; Country: ____________________ Question 3 : Use the Table 4 to answers the following questions: (a) What is the logic of X3, is it AND or OR? Explain your answer.
(Score 2) (b) What is the logic of X4, is it AND or OR? Explain your answer.
(Score 2)
(c) What is the logic of X5, is it AND or OR? Explain your answer.
(Score 2)
Experimental Examination, IMSO 2007, Jakarta, 14 November 2007 Name: __________________________________; Country: ____________________
ACTIVITY 5
You are requested to find the unknown logics (X6, X7 and X8) on Board E. 1. Unplug Board D and plug Board E onto the socket in the main board properly. 2. Repeat step 2 to step 3 in Activity 1. 3. Change the positions of S1, S2, S3 and S4 switches to ON or OFF. You are free to select the combination of S1, S2, S3 and S4 positions for each empty row in Table 4. • For each arrangement of S1, S2, S3 and S4, write “ON” in the Main Lamp column (L) if the main lamp lights on, and write “OFF” if the main lamp lights off. Table 5. Board E No.
S1
S2
S3
S4
Main Lamp (L)
(Score 8)
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Experimental Examination, IMSO 2007, Jakarta, 14 November 2007 Name: __________________________________; Country: ____________________
Question 4: Use the Table 5 to answers the following questions: (a) What is the logic of X6, is it AND or OR? (Score 1) (b) What is the logic of X7, is it AND or OR? (Score 1) (c) What is the logic of X3, is it AND or OR? (Score 1)
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Experimental Examination, IMSO 2007, Jakarta, 14 November 2007 Name: __________________________________; Country: ____________________
ACTIVITY 6
In this activity, you are requested to fill in the blank in the Table 6, based on the combination of two OR logics and one AND logic as shown below.
Table 6. No 1 2 3
S1 OFF ON ON
S2 ….. (OFF)… OFF ON
S3 ON ON ….. (OFF)…
S4 OFF OFF ON
Main Lamp (L) OFF ….. (ON)… OFF (Score 3)
ACTIVITY 7
In this activity, you are requested to fill in the blank in the Table 7 based on the combination of one OR logic and two AND logics as shown in the diagram below.
Table 7 No. 1 2 3
S1 ….. (OFF)… ….. (ON)… ….. (ON)…
S2 ….. (ON)… ….. (OFF)… ….. (ON)…
S3 ….. (ON)… ….. (ON)… ….. (ON)…
S4 ….. (ON)… ….. (ON)… ….. (ON)…
Main Lamp (L) ON ON ON (Score 6)
Experimental Examination, IMSO 2007, Jakarta, 14 November 2007 Name: __________________________________; Country: ____________________
ACTIVITY 8
1. Unplug Board E and plug Board Z onto the socket in the main board properly. 2. The Buzz will create a sound only for a single combination of switches S1, S2, S3 dan S4. In this activity have to find the right combination the switches. S1 ….. (ON)…
S2 ….. (OFF)…
S3 ….. (OFF)…
S4 ….. (ON)…
Main Lamp (L) ON (Score 2)
-- Well done! --
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