5. SMC 2016. In this work we present a method for programming/monitor closed-loop (W)SNs utilizing ânomadic tagsâ. Technology enablers: â Mobile Agents.
Programming Sensor Networks with Nomadic NFC Transponders Teemu Leppänen, Joonas Kataja, Iván Sánchez Milara and Jukka Riekki Center for Ubiquitous Computing, University of Oulu, Finland http://ubicomp.oulu.fi
Center for Ubiquitous Computing
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Center for Ubiquitous Computing. Research activitities Shared
Personal Sense
Connect
Visualise
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Public
Challenging (W)SN architectures • Long physical distance • Difficult/harsh environments Pipelines
Operation/maintenance challenges: Tunnels
Underground mines
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1) Network problems: Connectivity and latencies 2) (W)SN infrastructure costs: Gateways needed, etc. 3) How to monitor system operation? 4) How to update node SW?
In this work we present a method for programming/monitor closed-loop (W)SNs utilizing “nomadic tags” Technology enablers: – Mobile Agents – NFC/RFID technology
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NFC – Short range wireless technology (~5cm) – Evolution of RFID – Tag/Transponders • •
Store data stored persistently Small size
– Readers embedded physical components: WSN nodes, equipment Reader/Writer
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Mobile agents Computer program that is able to control its own execution and migrate between nodes in networked systems, while carrying along its task code and data • Perform data processing on host on behalf of the clients • Once injected it operates autonomously. When ready returns result to origin • Takes own decision on how to operate, where to migrate (if needed) T. Leppänen, M. Liu, E. Harjula, A. Ramalingam, J. Ylioja, P. Närhi, J. Riekki, and T. Ojala, “Mobile Agents for Integration of Internet of Things and Wireless Sensor Networks,” in 2013 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 2013, pp. 14–21.
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Mobile agents(II) Traditional (W)SN
Mobile agents
• Data sent to the backend system for analysis
• Data processed at the node
• Requires networking infrastructure (e.g gateways)
• Does not need networking infrastucture:
•
• Consumes node battery in communications (lot of effort focuses on optimization)
• Quality issues due to large amount of data (noisy, incomplete)
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pre-processing, filtering, etc.
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Real-time response: no round-trip to the backend
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Energy-efficient: reduces the amount of transmitted data and increases its quality
• Cost-efficiency •
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reduced communication infrastructure, reduced latencies, data transmitted without effort
Nomadic tag NFC transponder(tag) that opportunistically moves in a system through a physical carrier while storing a mobile agent in its memory
Mobile agent
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Use Case. Road Tunnels.
© PA (Press Association)
Migrate
Migrate
Entrance
Exit
Inject
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Read
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Use Case. Pipeline monitoring.
Write / Read
Write / Read
Entrance
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Write / Read
Exit
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Use Case. Mine safety.
CC by Freepik @ Flaticon
• Keep track of worker location • Monitor environment and warn about dangers • In case of emergency – Communicate with the outside world on behalf of workers – Provide real-time situational information to workers (by data analysis) – Find safe evacuation routes . Provide info through user’s device. 12
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© "Wieliczka" Salt Mine Tourist Route Ltd.(http://www.wieliczka-saltmine.com/)
Evaluation • WSN nodes accessed through nomadic tag: – Program the nodes – Collect data from nodes
• WSN Nodes (Arduino Micro). Uses XBee for communication. • NFC Gateway Node (Arduino Mega + PN532 NFC reader)
• NFC tag inserted in a pipeline of 4 m and 10 cm of diameter and let it flow with the water Mobile agent operations NFC reader
Gateway / WSN Node
XBee radio
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Operation
Latency (ms)
Detect tag by polling
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Read CoAP message
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Write CoAP message Parse CoAP message, execute mobile agent, update result and compile new CoAP message Send CoAP message and wait for acknowledge
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Read+execution of agent in 20 nodes+write
