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Untangling Complex Systems A Grand Challenge for Science Pier Luigi Gentili University of Perugia, Italy
SUMMARY Complex Systems are natural systems that science is unable to describe exhaustively. Examples of Complex Systems are both unicellular and multicellular living beings; human brains; human immune systems; ecosystems; human societies; the global economy; the climate and geology of our planet. This book is an account of a marvelous interdisciplinary journey the author made to understand properties of the Complex Systems. He has undertaken his trip, equipped with the fundamental principles of physical chemistry, in particular, the Second Law of Thermodynamics that describes the spontaneous evolution of our universe, and the tools of Non-linear dynamics. By dealing with many disciplines, in particular, chemistry, biology, physics, economy, and philosophy, the author demonstrates that Complex Systems are intertwined networks, working in out-ofequilibrium conditions, which exhibit emergent properties, such as self-organization phenomena and chaotic behaviors in time and space.
FEATURES • • • • • • • • •
An interdisciplinary textbook that sparks the enthusiasm in the new generations for the investigation of Complex Systems. A breathtaking scientific journey from equilibrium up to very-far-from equilibrium systems. Contains the description of the laws of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics. Demonstrates that in Non-Linear Dynamics we observe the emergence of order and chaos in space and time. Presents the power of the Natural Computing. Includes homework problems with solutions, lists of key-questions and key-words in every chapter, for a better comprehension of the different subjects. Some chemical laboratory experiments are proposed and solved as exercises. This book traces a didactic route and a research path that will be useful to untangle Complex Systems. The author demonstrates that Natural Complexity is interlinked with Computational Complexity and he paves the way for the formulation of a new theory regarding the comprehension of the Complex Systems.