validation of an experimental device simulating ...
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VALIDATION OF AN EXPERIMENTAL DEVICE SIMULATING STANCE PHASE DURING WALKING IN CANINE HINDLIMB: AN IN VITRO 3D KINEMATICS STUDY Julien Clément1-2-3 ; Emna Jaafar1-2-3 ; Yvan Petit1-2-3 ; Bertrand Lussier4 ; Nicola Hagemeister1-2-3. 1) École de technologie supérieure ; 2) Laboratoire de recherche en imagerie et orthopédie ; 3) Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal ; 4) Faculty of veterinary medicine of University of Montréal. Project funded by CRSNG. OBJECTIVE: Rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (RCCL) is the most common orthopedic disorder afflicting dogs. It modifies kinematics and internal loads of the stifle, and leads to quick-deterioration of the joint. Several surgical techniques correcting RCCL have been developed, but none are able to restore kinematics of an intact stifle. Most in vitro studies analyzing kinematics of the canine stifle were made in 2D under low static loads. Our goal is to design an experimental device simulating the stance phase during walking of the canine hindlimb under near physiologic conditions. METHODS: A theoretical model of the canine hindlimb was developed in order to calculate relative movements of bones during stance phase. An experimental device was built from this model, and then validated by simulating three times the stance phase during walking on six cadaveric hindlimbs loaded at 44% body weight. Validation consisted in evaluating intra and inter-specimen variability of the 3D kinematics curves of the stifle, and in comparing the latter with in vivo curves described in the literature. RESULTS: Data recorded during in vitro simulations highlight average intra-specimen variability lower than 0,8° and 0,7 mm for the three rotations and translations of the stifle respectively, compared with 5,8° and 1,3 mm for the interspecimen variability. The comparison of the six average curves of movements collected on the tested stifles to those from in vivo trials reveals similar patterns in every case. However, amplitudes of movements are slightly greater on in vivo curves. CONCLUSION: Results show that the device generates reliable movements which are representative of the in vivo 3D kinematics presented in the literature. Finally, this device will allow for the comparison of various surgical reconstruction techniques of the CCL and will be adjusted to the human knee.
