1 ONLINE APPENDIX Appendix A: Data Table A1

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$10k–$25k. Topcoder. 2000. 400,000 +. Computer science and web design problems, mostly modular. Software engineers, computer scientists, web designers.
ONLINE APPENDIX Appendix A: Data Table A1. Data Collection*

Key Milestones at NASA SLSD May 2009 First review and meeting regarding open innovation platforms June–July 2009 Strategic challenges workshop for 2009 September 2009 Contract with open innovation platforms November 2009 Open innovation introduction workshop December 2009 Launch of open innovation experiment March 2010 Evaluation of open innovation solutions October 2010 End of open innovation experiment, award distribution January 2011 Next steps workshop April 2012 Launch of international space applications hackathon June 2012 Results of international space applications hackathon and awards November 2012 Use of open innovation methods to solve a new strategic and urgent medical device problem at SLSD * The areas marked in gray signify the times I collected data throughout the period of the study.

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Appendix B: NASA’s Open Innovation Experiment

Table B1. The Online Platforms Established 2001

Registered solvers 375,000 +

Type of problems posted Scientific and technological problems, modular and complex

Topcoder

2000

400,000 +

Computer science and web design problems, mostly modular

Yet2

1999

130,000 +

Technological problems, mostly modular

Platform Innocentive

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Range of participants Wide range of scientists, technologists, entrepreneurs (often with advanced degrees) Software engineers, computer scientists, web designers Engineers, technologists, entrepreneurs and small businesses

Range of awards $10k–$25k

$1k–$20k

$5k–$100k

Figure B1. The geographic distribution of solvers*

* More than 3,000 individuals from 80 countries self-selected to work on NASA’s 14 strategic challenges in its 2009 experiment.

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