Automatic Lid Controller For Laptop Using ...

International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol. 10 No.93 (2015) © Research India Publications; http/www.ripublication.com/ijaer.htm

Automatic Lid Controller For Laptop Using Microcontroller S. Mohankumar 1*, V.K. Gobinath 1, D.R.P. Rajarathnam 1, D. Jayanth 2, P. Sathish Kumar 2, P. Nandagopal 1 1

Department of Mechatronics Engineering, 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, 1 Paavai Engineering College, Namakkal– 637 018, Tamil Nadu, India. 2 Kongu Engineering College, Erode – 638 052, Tamil Nadu, India. * Correspondence author, Tel.: +9195003 84502 e-mail [email protected]

makes and models of laptops. Portable computers, which later advanced into modern laptops, were originally treated to be a small niche market, mostly for functional field applications, like as the military, accountancy, for sales representatives etc. As portable computers matured and became more alike modern laptops, becoming smaller, lighter, competitive, and more powerful, they became very widely used for a variety of purposes.

Abstract - Automatic Lid controller (ALC) is a device which will control the operation of lid (Display Panel) of the laptop. This device will open the lid automatically when the supply has been given to the microcontroller. At the same time, it will close the lid automatically when the power has been removed from the device. Automatic Lid controller comprises of Microcontroller, Motor Drive Unit, Servo motors, and then software’s for programming the device. An Automatic Lid controller does not need any external supply for functioning the microcontroller, it will acquire the power from USB port of the laptop itself. The Motor drive in the device will use 9 V power supply to run the motor. Automatic Lid Controller use the ATmega8 Microcontroller for the operation of the entire device. When the Power is obtained from USB port, the microcontroller will make the motor to run in forward direction for the required period of time. At the same time if the laptop has been turned off the power will be removed from the microcontroller so that it will make the motor to run in reverse direction for the required period of time.

II. EXPERIMENT SETUP The developed Automatic Lid Controller (ALC) comprises the following systems.  Microcontroller  Motor Drive Unit  Power Supply  Programming Software A. Microcontroller ALC uses the AVR Development Board shows below and used for operation of the display panel of the laptop.

Keywords – Microcontroller; Servo motor; Motor Drive Unit; USB Connector

I. INTRODUCTION A laptop or a notebook is a compact personal computer with a clamshell form factor, suitable for mobile use. Although there used to be a difference between laptops and notebooks (the former were massive and heavier than the latter), there is often no longer any difference in practice. A laptop associate the components and inputs of a desktop computer, including display, keyboard, and speakers and pointing device (such as a touchpad or a track pad) into an individual device. Utmost modernday laptops also have a unified webcam and a microphone. A laptop can be powered either from a rechargeable battery, or by essential electricity via an AC adapter. Laptop is a diverse class of devices and other more specific terms, such as craggy notebook or convertible, refer to specialist types of laptops, which have been advance for specific uses. Hardware specifications change much between different types,

Fig. 1 AVR Board

1) AVR Board Description  Incorporate Atmel’s ATmega8 microcontroller with 8kb flash memory working at 16MIPS.  On-board motor driver for associating 2 DC motors or 1 stepper motors.

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International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol. 10 No.93 (2015) © Research India Publications; http/www.ripublication.com/ijaer.htm

 On-board have 5v regulated power supply.  12 MHz external crystal and exposed all 21 I/O pins.  One tact switch for external input and one tact switch for reset.  Four test LEDs for status and debugging purpose.  Two supply index LEDs and On board USB programmer.  Dual power supply through DC source (6V to 16V) or USB powered.  Separate power supply option for microcontroller and motor driver



M3 - PortD7

C. Power Supply The power supply comprises of three types for the switching ON and OFF the microcontroller device. The three supply [LS (Logic Supply), DS (Driving Supply), USB Connector] has an individual ports for providing the voltage for the microcontroller board. D. Programming Interface The AVR is a altered Harvard architecture 8-bit RISC single chip microcontroller which was advanced by Atmel in 1996. The AVR was one of the early microcontroller families to use onchip flash memory for program storage, as opposing to OneTime Programmable ROM, EPROM, or EEPROM used by alternative microcontrollers at the time. In case you program in C or assembly, the tuned AVR instructions downturn program size and development time. The well-defined I/O structure limits the demand for external components and reduces progress cost. The AVR microcontrollers are branched into 4 families tiny AVR, mega AVR, XMEGA and Application explicit AVR.

B. Motor Drive Unit The motor drive used in this device is L293DNE for the movement of the motor. This is basically a motor driver IC which takes input from microcontroller and is capable to drive the DC and stepper motors by using separate power supply.

1) ISP (In-System Programming) Interface The in-system programming interface to the main board which can be used to connect any ISP programmer to download the programs for the microcontroller. It can further to be used in SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) communication. The pins provided for ISP are given below: MOSI……. Master Out Slave in……. PortB3 MISO……. Master in Slave out……. .PortB4 SCK……… Serial clock…………….. PortB5 RST………. Reset…………….………Reset GND…….. Ground………………...... Ground 2) Programming The steps for writing a code using WinAVR programmer for the microcontroller board is as follows.  Open the Programmer’s Notepad and write your code.  Create a new folder and save your code in that folder with extension name “.c” & minimize the notepad  Now open the make file and edit it as mentioned bellow:  Make file→ main filename (give your file name here without extension)  Make file→ MCU type→ ATmega→ (choose your UC)  Make file→ enable editing make file→ then in your make file edit the following things  F_CPU = 12000000 (change it as for your crystal frequency)

Fig. 2 Motor Drive Unit 1) Motor Driver Connections The motor driver is used to run the DC motors/stepper motor that may be connected to the board according to the data from the microcontroller. The motor driver links with microcontroller is as follows:

  

M0 - PortD4 M1 - PortD5 M2 - PortD6 262

International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol. 10 No.93 (2015) © Research India Publications; http/www.ripublication.com/ijaer.htm

 Save the make file in your folder (above you have created) without changing its name.  Now maximize the programmer’s notepad.  To compile your code and to generate hex file go Tools→ make all. 3) Source Code #include #include int main ( void ) { DDRC=0x00; PORTC=0x01;

DDRD=0xF0; PORTD=0x00; while(1) { if((PINC & 0x01)==0x00)

III RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Automatic Lid controller (ALC) is a device which will control the operation of lid (Display Panel) of the laptop. ALC has simpler in construction. It will be available in low cost when compared to other models and also does not need frequent maintenance. The source code used here is the basic C programming.If micro motors are used it will be available in small size.The supply given to the motor drive unit should be changed periodically.Nowadays, Flip type lids are available in the market.An occurrence of small problem in microcontroller will lead to malfunction of the entire device.

//This is the header for AVR Microcontroller. //header file to generate time delay. // initialization of port C as all bits low. // Port C data direction configuration as Input Port. // Port B data direction configuration as output port //Port D all pins are low.

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// Checking Switch press at PortC0

{ PORTD=0x60; _delay_ms(7000); } else { PORTD=0x90; _delay_ms(7000);

// Motor rotate in Forward direction // Time for rotation of motor

// Motor rotate in Reverse direction // Time for rotation of motor

}}}

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