ATM Software System Development

Pervasive System ______________________________________________________________________________________

Pervasive System Nasreen Iqbal De Montfort University Abstract Chronic and elderly patients required special care with low cost medical system. In the current scenario the increasing percentage of this population, and their requirement becomes the pressure on healthcare providers. Several new technologies are compliance with the existing new age technology, but not much approachable to the target population. Development of wireless remote patient monitoring system for such a group has been relatively intensive in the previous era, which is highly dependent on telecommunication infrastructure, coverage in the rural area, additionally, the availability of expert staff to collect data from the patient bedside. Thus, the proposed system on the new invention for the remote health monitoring system based on WBAN1 sensors, attached to the patient's body area, controlled by a computer based interface called RobApps, that will eliminate the distance barrier between physician and patients, relieving from the costly long term treatments. The proposal presented the solution for the medical practitioner being able to monitor the patient located outside the clinical boundaries. Pervasive health exposed impressive growth in the recent years, which mainly designed to provide emergency and preventive health care to people anywhere using wireless technology, defined from two perspectives, application of pervasive technology for healthcare and, is to provide healthcare anywhere anytime to anyone. The pervasive healthcare relates to the BME2 and MI3, which targeted the improved and evaluated new healthcare system or overlap the existing health delivery monitoring prototype. Therefore the proposed system developed with the properties of pervasive, aiming to develop autonomous, disappear, independent, distributed, intelligent and contextual health care system. B.1.1. Background The study found that in the 2015, the EU population will have 37% that over 60 years of age, which indicates the numerous demand on medical care givers. These unavailability percentages of caregivers could be balanced with the home location, and improve the quality of life by providing smart homes and assistive robotic system. Although a lot system already developed in order to present robot system, but not affordable because of overpriced. Worldwide more than 17.5 million population are neglected or ignored due to their physical condition or their geographical location, it is reported 245 million people suffering from diabetes, 20 million deaths from Cardiac vascular disease from the targeted population, and so on, these numbers are expected to be rising in 2015. Regularly monitoring allows continued dosing and eases the threat of sudden illness. According to, the continues flow of chronic and elderly patient data around the world and the rising health care cost have generated the requirement to invent technology-driven expansion of the current health care system, aiming aged and chronic patients enhancement approach to the individual to monitor their health independently. This proposal presents a Robotic interface, an assistive assembly with various efforts towards robotic exertions consist of related hardware and technology, aim to bring down costs, and available for all. Recent years WBAN promote the health system by its innovative properties, like tiny sensors, lightweight and ultra low power monitoring device, executable algorithm instant transfers data from personnel serves to medical servers, promoting pervasive healthcare system. ___________________ 1 Wireless Body Area Network 2 Biomedical Engineering 3 Medical Informatics

Copyright © 2014, De Montfort University. All Rights Reserved 1


In this research, the analysis will approach to the cloud based wireless body area network (WBAN) consist of sensor. These various small sensors attached to the patient's body, establishing a communication link, operated by a computer based interface that will work on Android Operation System based environment. This system will provide constant health monitoring and a authentic data available for the medical practitioner or patient. The RobApps intelligent interface will capability to speak and indicate to the patient for their vital sign, reminding for the medication and allow patients to contact or speak with their doctor. On the other side, the data would transfer from the local computer to the cloud distributed system and then the cloud based interface would be responsible to alert the hospital on their dashboard, medical devices, a nursing room and nearest ambulance which locate to the patient in the emergency and enabling medical aid in a very short period. B.1.2. The Aim Merge diverse knowledge thru examining WBAN based on cloud computing system and valuable added feature, to strengthen the new patient monitoring techniques and offered interface services, in order to eliminate the work load of the medic dedicated team and provide fully automated monitoring system with the use of dashboard and cloud based centric system that informed to the medics and patients with the authenticated user ID. This system will also help patient to request their reports available online. Develop the algorithm to convert raw data collected from number of expertise into knwoledge, to evaluate the success on data security and privacy, provided technology for the robust and independent cloud based system for the medical practitioner, construct a theoretical framework for the implementation of WBAN based RobApp system, reports on finding and investigative study on literature will conduct, evaluate the benefits and implications towards this new pervasive health monitoring system and provide the successful expert system for the patients and medics. To establish efforts to pursue risk management in the ISO 31000 international standard as “the effect of uncertainty on objectives”, though defined and maintained the risk table, listed the risk probability, its impact, risk management & mitigation; risk register focus on the specific high priority expected risk which required well plan system and resolution. The risk involved the system technical and its hardware, security and privacy, database, cloud service provider availability and reliability, risk in meeting final objectives, system dependency, context of cultural, system quality inadequacy, risk management etc. The aim is to propose an innovative solution that target the elderly and chronic patients and provides 24x7 medial support using WBAN and cloud technology, reducing the restrains of coverage area to reach to the doctor and alert the hospitals and ambulance if the patient is required attention. Explore the properties and exploit research assessment, study the process, system methodology, gather requirement, establish hypotheses and identify the role of sensor technology on a cloud in the remote healthcare system. Rob health care cloud based monitoring system that promotes the existence of pervasive remote health monitoring system for the target population and exploit the sensor techniques. B.1.3. The Objectives: 

To evaluate the pervasive health monitoring system and exploit their properties.



To achieve and facilitate the technology for the chronic and elderly patient using new effective WBAN sensor technology.





Evaluate the innovative solutions for the integrated system for the medical practitioner and staff in their monitoring process.

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To identify and gather the information for the Android technology and its prototype services available, development algorithm and techniques

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Evaluating pricing model, exploiting tangible and non-tangible costs, based on the identified list of business cloud services, which evaluate the revenue analysis opportunities by the medical health organization.

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To achieve success on the challenges related to the medical data security and patient privacy for medical system using cloud technology, assurances, applicable law and service policies and risk analysis.

B.1.4. Methodology The research methodology will focus on the quantitative method to prove the hypothesis, subsequently significant outcomes will be derived from the data exploration fetch from the technical sources of current services, followed by the theorem of „experimental before and after‟ study pattern with the measured environment. Throughout, focused on the „why’, „how’ and „what’ theorem, would measure total changes to assess the impact of an intervention, intent to receive absolute outcomes, based on dependent variables applied on hypothesis. The research methodology applied to infrastructure, selective standard theorem and service categories, such as cloud environment, development module and software services. The chosen experiment design for this research has deliberately imposed a health monitoring system to the cloud in the interest of observing the response, involving the population to get the attention, and test the sets of hypothesis applying data mining techniques, focusing causal effect. B.1.5. The Propsed System The proposed system offered interface based patient monitoring system called RobApps, consists of various sensor nodes that monitor vital signs of the patient, interface running on a personal computer which assists the patient, a network coordinator with the cloud server and medical providers. The WBAN nodes comprise a bio-sensor with the sensing units, these biometric sensors implanted or wearable to the patients, which gathered, processed the data on physical stimuli and report to the network based Android OS3 personal computer, where web based interface assists the patient and communicate with the cloud based server using WBAN network and gateway. The cloud contained protocol for the monitoring system consist of various vital signs signal, ranges along with the high QoS4 to ensure the data has been protected and secured, anticipated with the medical server and transfer the signals to the medics via the interface. The information will convey to the medical devices, hospital dashboard, a nursing room and ambulance for the action. The role of the nearest ambulance, which connected via WiMax5 network, will receive alert message with the patient location, capable to transform the patient's diagnostic images and reports to the hospital and doctors can start diagnosing while patient is on the way to the hospital.

___________________ 3

OperatingSsystem Quality Of Service

4


Pervasive System ______________________________________________________________________________________ Ap o

int me nt H

D ello

or oct

ine dic der e M in m Re

Cloud Provider

SaaS, IaaS, PaaS

Firwal Server

Doctors noticed

Ambulance

Nursing Room Hospital Dash Board

Figure 1. Architecture of Propsed System

B.1.6. Functionality: B.1.7.1. Patient access personal computer: RobApps interface run on user personnel PC or laptop to process the sensor and monitor the patient, operated by Android OS, Android prototypes and a front-end web application which works as an assistant for the patient, mainly assist health professionals to closely monitor their patent and receive current signals. B.1.7.2. Interface RobApps: The web based application design with Android OS using Java and .Net apps. The interface act as a robot which receive the information from the biometric sensor, communicate this information to the cloud server and alert the patient for their medicine, delivered appointment reminders with speech control. It also facilitates the patient to manually operate the RobAps for the various operations, such as emergency call to the hospital, conversation with the doctor etc.

___________________ 5

WirelessMAN, which has strong-secure wireless data transmission over long distance



The chosen Android technology has various applications (free) available for application development. With this facility, the system will developed the interface for the patient assistance, provided functionality such as streaming the video and audio signals of the integrated cameras and microphones. The interface has the following prototype: 

The speech recognition prototype: this prototype (Google speech recognition) will contribute for interaction with the user in the diagnosis and alert the patient by speech or message.



Reminder prototype: this prototype is essential for the medication reminder to the patient. This function will read the data from the WBAN sensor units and calculate the volume of various sensors, such as pulse rate or body temperature. According to these volume rate of the sensor, the function will coordinate with the Android and alert to the patient and transfer the data information to the cloud. The following below diagram designed to provide the clear functional activity of the interface, architect with three layers. Service Layer: this layer present interface and its services for the patient, containing display board, responsible to run the application and act accordingly. This layer also consists of health utilities responsible for running interface with the provided utility services, such as health monitoring services are responsible to monitor sensors and alert, an activity monitoring is responsible for the events between the sensor and network, medicine reminder utility is responsible for checking time and alert reminder to the user by display messages and delivering Text-to-Speech for interaction with the patient. Software Layer: this layer contained graphical user interface (GUI) designed for the user and functional coding algorithm developed in the .NET and Java language. This layer will responsible to create and maintained GUI and provided the extensive service using Google and Android technology. Hardware Layer: responsible for the hardware components of the proposed system, such as monitor, processor, memory, internet, microphone, camera and speakers, that will work for the rest layers.


Pervasive System ______________________________________________________________________________________ Service Layer

Medicine Reminder

Speak Help

Skype Call Doctor

Health Monitoring

Appointment

Activity Monitoring

Emergency Call

Medicine Reminder

Healthcare Utility

Help

Software Layer GUI Medicine Reminder

Movement Command Web Server

Test Messages Parametres

Emergency Call

Assistance Control Center

Hardware Layer

Movement Commands Functional Implementation for RobApps

Figure 2. Functionality of RobApps

B.1.7.3. The cloud functionality: The section divided into two parts, the first will our source data into the cloud using the gateway. The sensor measures the data periodically and pass it to the gateway, the gateway also performs the data integration, operation using hash value conversion for the data security. The hash value store in the cloud as: hi (m)=Hash(Ei (m) ||Keyi) Where Hi(m) is the hash value of the (i) data,and Ei is the encoded value of (i) data and Keyi is the key used for encoding the (i) data. Thus Hi(m) retain the integrity of the encoded data. The gateway forward encrypted data to the virtual sensor cloud where encrypted data with the key and the corresponding hash value stored. The second phase is for observation services to the client, where service invoke with the VM in order to provide services, if user access application services and request to the cloud network. The VM will check the integrated constraints, the disrupted operation performed only if the value is satisfied, these descripeted values further forward to the cloud to display in the required format. Entire system function Algorithm:



Vital Signs Sensor Monitor the Data and forward to the gateway WSN Captured and Transferred

No

Yes

Sensor Data transferred to the RobApps

RobApps process Data

Call Doctor

Function

Data Received by Gateway

Remind Through Speech Protocol

Medic Reminder

Encrypt the data

Connect to the IaaS paradigm to the cloud Dashboard

Transfer Data to VM

Emergency

Alert communica te

Skype Call Connect to Medical Practitiener

Medical Devices

Nursing Room

Figure 3. Functional algorithm

B.1. The Technology: B.2.1. WBAN Sensor: The WBAN technology comprised modest and routine health monitoring, collected data by body network coordination. WBAN (wireless sensor Network) also called Body sensor Network (BSN), consists of special various autonomous sensors to monitor physiological condition and transfer this information to the server through a network. The WBAN has three different devices used, such as medical sensor: responsible to gather data, process and forward it to the network, actuator node: act according to data received from the user or sensor, personal Device gathered information from the sensor transferred to the patient or medics based on display LED screen on the device, frequently used in the hospitals.



Here we used biometric sensor (WBAN) architecture, based on nodes that connected to the sensors. Each sensor network has various parts a micro-control, electronic circuits that interfacing with the sensor and an energy source in the form of embedded battery. Sensor node's interface consists of processing units with computing power and memory. The loaded softwares in the sensor nodes to collect, encode and transmit data through WBAN to the network. The main purpose is to continue monitoring of biomechanical and physiological data, that further connected to network and communicate signals, to support a low intricacy, extremely low power and consistent interactions inside the body to identify the health care services. WBAN traffic, divided into three parts, the first is, on demand initiated by the medics to avail information for the diagnostic purpose, the second is emergency initiated by node, then the normal traffic called data traffic used to monitor normal condition. So it is important to select the WBAN traffic appropriately act with the data, my preferred is normal traffics that will control the data dynamically and read the sensor periodically.

Fig. 4: Wireless Body Sensor Network

B.2.2. Cloud Technology The deployed cloud service providers collect data from the personal computer and transfer to the server hosted on the cloud using gateways. It also received requests from the content service to retrieve data from the load service which provide two functions, responsibility to provide a service to collect or store data and, to provide a platform to the medical provider for the deployment, testing and development of the application required by medical staff. All other medical devices and dash-board interact using content services to access the information.


Pervasive System ______________________________________________________________________________________ Patient Interface

Patient Personnel PC Service Cloud

Virtual Machine

Encrypted Data

Hash Data

Sensor Network with Gatway

Gateway

WBAN Sensor

Figure 5. Cloud Service Architecture

B.2.3. Android OS Technology: The android technology developed by Google consists of topographies such as touch screen and the built in sensors, will introduce low cost and robust system for the proposed system. This application has functions such as data analysis, assessment with medical standard values, GUI for configuration, data visualization for the user, and communication. In essence the apps identifies responsible the gateway and communicate with the cloud server. Thanks to SensorManager from Android retrieves information from the supportive sensors WBAN, no permission required to retrieve the list of sensors and register a SensorEventListener for a sensor. In this way SensorEven triggered by the sensor. Thanks to android, that allow to convert text to speech or voice, AddSpeech (String text, String filename): This method enhances mapping between a string of text and a sound file, the following below coding required object of the below class to install and specify the initListnere: private EditText write; ttobj=new TextToSpeech(getApplicationContext(), new TextToSpeech.OnInitListener() { @Override public void onInit(int status) { } } Here is the example API work for text to speech. package com.example.texttospeech;



public class MainActivity extends Activity { TextToSpeech ttobj; private EditText write; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); write = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.editText1); ttobj=new TextToSpeech(getApplicationContext(), new TextToSpeech.OnInitListener() { @Override public void onInit(int status) { if(status != TextToSpeech.ERROR){ ttobj.setLanguage(Locale.UK); }} }); } @Override public void onPause(){ if(ttobj !=null){ ttobj.stop(); ttobj.shutdown(); } super.onPause(); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu); return true; } public void speakText(View view){ String toSpeak = write.getText().toString(); Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), toSpeak, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); ttobj.speak(toSpeak, TextToSpeech.QUEUE_FLUSH, null);

B.2.4. RFID and WiMax Technology: Radio frequency identification chips can be used to locate the patient by the medical caregivers, technology support ambulance services in order to provide assistance during emergency, a chip with high range capacity, attached to the WBAN sensor on the patient's body. Similarly WiMax technology I will suggest for the ambulance to transmit the diagnostic images with the hospital and doctors to start their diagnosis while the patient is on the way. The WiMax also called WirlessMan is a most powerful and strong, secure wireless data transmission capacity over long distance up to 150km/hours, with the strong QoS capability. B.2. Properties of the Proposed system According to M. Weiser:



“A new way of thinking about computers in the world, one that takes into account the natural human environment and allows the computers themselves to vanish in the background.” And “The most profound technologies are those that disappear. They weave themselves into the fabric of everyday life until they are indistinguishable from it” Consequently, this statement claimed that one infused in the computer and conveys potential, and generously assimilated with the users in order to prove that the technology disappeared. B.3.1. Distributed: Networked: The pervasive system required to distribute system if networked, transparently accessible. The proposed system is fully integrated with the network, composed of wireless and wired, capable enough to connect WBAN through the distributed wireless system and communicate with the cloud system, retrieving transparency between authorized users an medical care would be applied when encrypted data available to the user. The wireless network among the sensor, computational capability and energy awareness among nodes in a distributed environment is undoubtedly posed many challenges depending on application and provided architecture. Transparent: the proposed system acts as a transparent in the environment and allow to work calmly and its present is invisible. Such as the interface RobApps will assist the patient without intervention and user support, allow to move patient anywhere in the environment, capable enough to act for the reminders and assistance with its speech and messaging capabilities and auto configuration of gateway and cloud. B.3.2. IHCI (implicit Human-Computer interaction) Interaction in the current era of computing is explicit, ensuring gap that occurs between the physical and the virtual environment. The purpose is to minimize this gap in communication that are implicit. Implicit support human to achieve their everyday life deeds without intending the requirement of a computing system to obtain their assistance. So in this way, my aim is not to touch the natural flow of patient activities and required minimal involvement of human, a minimal explicit input from the patient or medics to perform implicit action environment, in this approach my system called RobApps. B.3.3. Context Aware: The context denotes the virtual depiction of the physical environment, assessment of environment changes. The proposed system begins with the intention of environmental monitoring and modeling, I know at this stage I cannot claim that the presented system is fully capable to sense and adopt, for this I would like to go into more depth and enhance my system with the sense the environment such as if, the patient is out of the home environment, then transfer the information to hi/her device or if the room is dark then the system should sense disable the speech etc., in terms of active context awareness system. But, on the other hand, this system support physical, the human environment context in the way that, the challenge of independent life for the chronic and elderly patient began a dialogue between medics and technology providers. The proposal enhancing the context aware property, providing location and vital sings awareness, transferring to the medical devices. The robotic interface will sense the vital information and act and communicate accordingly, this may happen with the scheduled workflow in the local and cloud system. This proposed system should have the



capacity to provide handicap and elderly patients with opportunities to improve and increase independence in their routine life without privacy sacrifices. Same as, the biometric sensors attached or implanted to the patient does not require any attention or automatically adjusted on behalf of the patient, such as sensor signals and its reactions directly communicate without any efforts. The cloud communicates with the hospital environment without the need of human intervention and support. Such as alert information to the devices and the dashboard and ambulances, etc. Moreover, the model and monitoring environment automatically dominates on the patient sensors, user profile and its authentication, application meta-data extracted and self descriptive devices. B.3.4. Scalable: This system required minimal human intervention, capable enough to act and perform independently, the embedded interface and encapsulated functionalities are the witness of system automated property with restaurants of storage and space in the cloud environment. This property belongs to application, devices and user management, scalability, autonomous, independent and irresistible application system. Our, proposed system certainly promotes the scalability property when we innovate the system accessible to all. The cloud based environment allows network users to authenticate and access the interface and data, accessible to any number of devices. The patient is also flexible to access their reports and vital signs without interference of medical practitioners, in this way the proposed system heavily resistable to a number of devices for use. B.3.5. Smart and Intelligent: The property of smartness proved when my system behaves more than human thoughts, according to, the RobApps system acquire intelligent property of pervasive system, that will perform multiple tasks dynamically and make decisions to act independently. This system intelligently sense the patient vital signs, understand the emerging and requirement and communicate data to the cloud environment and the cloud. The entire process from local PC to medical devices will handle independently in an efficient manner, where data encryption for the security and user authentication, prioritize user accessibility and availability in the meta-data, sensing and reacting the functionality such as, reminders, data encryption, alert and speak. B.3.6. Portable, robust and User Friendly: The proposed system is very user friendly, robust and easy to use. Moreover, this system designed to provide low-cost assistance for the target group, utilized existing equipment which is more friendly, such as a laptop and home PC with internet connection and other components, which is available in each and every home, thus patient need not to worry in buying an expensive and effortless system. Although the Android application and OS available for free for the developers, there also need not to worry for special investments, whereas the cloud environment is the affordable burden on the medical organizations, that in return will provide a hassle free environment with all its services. B.3. Architecture: The architecture will propose an interface running on a computer operated by Android OS, running a web interface allow to control the biometric sensor and, provided assistance accommodates the patient. The Android introduced various free applications on Google play store, allow to develop new applications. The possible functions can implement in Android: 

Speech recognition will integrate with the sensor and sound.





Medication reminder in android function which create the list of medications on the appropriate interval with alert and arrangement of, such as: o

Skype calls to the doctor

The graphical command interface installed on Android OS will have the following functionalities such as the help function will sound and text, communicate the signals to the cloud, the cloud then informed to the dashboard in the hospital, a call function also established the Skype conversation with the physician. The proposed system framed into three (3) tier system architecture, such as, the WBAN patient monitoring tire, cloud process and storage tier, and access control tier. B.4.1. The Patient monitoring, Tier (1): The WBAN sensor node collects patient Vital signs information and consolidate data for transfer to the RobApps via WiFi. The RobApps monitor patient via android applications using speech control and assists the patient, communicate with the cloud environment using the gateway. B.4.2. Cloud Storage, Tier (2): The purpose of this tier to store the information received from the client network and processor, transfer the information to the client using cloud interface and protocol. B.4.2.1. Sensor Network: B.4.2.1.1.

Gateway:

Gateway, an interface between the cloud network and sensor network. The raw data received from gateway with various parameters, such as sensor ID, geographical location, value observed and manufacturer information. These sensor observation values encrypted by gateway to transfer to the cloud storage using cloud services. Furthermore, the cloud based interface will read the data and pass it to the hospital‟s devices, dash-board, a nursing room and the nearest ambulance.

Figure 6. Interface between the gateway and the Virtual sensors (database)

B.4.2.1.2.

Cloud Virtual Sensor:

The interface between the storage provider from IaaS to store the encrypted data. The VM (virtual machine) extracts this information to process. This information can be communicated to the medical providers. B.4.2.1.3.

Service Cloud:

The SaaS environment provided by the cloud architecture for the end user. The data can be processed and visualize by the SaaS on end-user request. The interface running in the



environment will process the data and transfer it to the dashboard, nursing room, medical devices to display, in the emergency. B.4.2.1.4.

Data security:

The data security and privacy are on the priority in the hospitals and also important for the patient, in order to protect the data, this interface converts entire critical information into machine language or encrypt the data and transfer to the cloud server. Finally the cloud based interface will convert this encrypted data into readable language if the authorized user requested to view. B.4.3. Access Point, Tier (3): The multi-access point in the data available for the caregiver, medical administrators and patients, connect to the cloud and WBAN by the various tools, such as Dashboard, medical devices, nursing room, ambulance, laptop and mobile. Through a cloud network the data can be accessed anywhere, anytime using wireless systems. B.4.4. Conclusion The study evaluated the emergence of assistive efforts for the targeted group and provide special care, attention and cost-effective system. The proposed RobApps system made an effort in the enhancement of a new patient monitoring era, absorbed the properties pervasive system that incorporated with the powerful and reliable technology encrypted QoS standard. I am sure this system helps in current critical emergent situations, that will become prominent apps for the elderly and chronic patients, needed an assistance that evolves in the environment, but not in the privacy, where the patient will feel comfort and security. The system occupied properties of pervasive system in order to prove, M. Washer claims, That dissolved in the environment, should be calm and distributed, one who disappeared.
