Mapping the Distribution of a Potentially New Tiny ...

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Ashley Schulz, Chris Asaro, David Coyle, Michelle Cram,. Rima Lucardi .... Dan Miller•Dale Starkey•Mike Joyce•Victor Wyant•Jason Rodrigue•Ted Oprean.
Mapping the Distribution of a Potentially New Tiny Terror in Southern White Pine Forests Ashley Schulz, Chris Asaro, David Coyle, Michelle Cram, Rima Lucardi, Angela Mech, and Kamal Gandhi Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia Virginia Department of Forestry USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station

Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus)

Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus)

Eastern White Pine Symptoms: branch flagging, resinosis, and crown thinning.

The Potential Problem

Matsucoccus macrocicatrices

Caliciopsis pinea

Research Objectives Determine the range and severity of dieback of symptomatic eastern white pine trees in the southern Appalachians.

Examine the relationships among the scale insect, cankers and eastern white pine.

Site Selection Range of Eastern White Pine

Methods Eastern White Pine Health Rating Scale

1

2

3

4

5

Methods

1m

1

3

2

Courtesy of forestryimages.com

Health ratings ranged from 2.4-4.2 White Pine Health Rating

4.5

GA

4.0

SC

3.5

TN 3.0

NC WV

2.5

VA 2.0

34°

39°

Latitude

1

2

3

Average

4

5

85% of sites with scales and 87% with C. pinea Num. of Sites with Matsucoccus macrocicatrices

14 12

3

10 8 6

4

2 8

2 0 GA

1 2

3

SC

NC

N 10 6

5 TN

Y

VA

WV

State

Num. of Sites with Caliciopsis pinea

14 1

12

10 8 6 4

3 8

2

1 2

0 GA

SC

3

Y 6

4

NC TN State

N

12

VA

WV

Proportion of Dead Nodes

Positive relationship between cankers/scales and dieback 1.00

P < 0.001

0.80

0.60 0.40

P < 0.001 Observed Predicted

0.20 0.00 Proportion of Scales/Tree SA

Proportion of Cankers/Tree SA

Proportion of Cankers to Tree Surface Area

Positive relationship between cankers and scales 0.6 0.5 0.4

y = 23.518x + 0.0291 R² = 0.2452 P < 0.001

0.3

0.2 0.1 0.0 0 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.01 Proportion of Scales To Tree Surface Area

95% of scales associated with cankers M. macrocicatrices Associations

Canker Types C. pinea Canker

C. pinea Canker

29%

Other Canker

66%

Other Canker No Canker

No Canker

C. pinea

63%

Other Canker

37%

5%

Conclusions Eastern white pine health ratings ranged from 2.4-4.2. Cankers and scales were correlated with white pine sapling dieback. The scale insect was correlated with cankers. 95% of the scales were associated with cankers. C. pinea is prevalent.

Future Work

1. Analyze more site/sapling data

3. Monitor permanent plots.

2. ID other cankers.

4. Evaluate WP elsewhere.

Acknowledgements Funding Sources Virginia Department of Forestry•Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources Sigma Xi Grants in Aid of Research•USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Evaluation Monitoring Grant

Helpers University of Georgia Brittany Barnes•Ansley Silva•Christiane Helbig•Courtney Brissey•Kris Smoot Derek Robertson•Danielle Sank USDA Forest Service-Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina,Virginia, West Virginia Dan Miller•Dale Starkey•Mike Joyce•Victor Wyant•Jason Rodrigue•Ted Oprean Jill Rose•Russ McFarlane•Joan Brown•Virginia Gibbs•Jane Bard•Rondi Fischer Virginia Department of Forestry Chris Thomsen•John Wright•Dennis Anderson Donald Garman•Lori Chamberlin

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