School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Royal Mel- ..... automatically regulate its mode of operation with the changing heat load. For input .... [8] W. B. Bienert, W. J. Krotiuk, and M. N. Nikitkin, âThermal control with low
Miniature loop heat pipe with a flat evaporator. Thermal modelling; Experimental results. A.A.M. Delil and V. Baturkin*. * National Technical University of Ukraine ...
MINIATURE LOOP HEAT PIPE USING WATERâ. NICKEL NANOFLUID. Roger R. Riehl*. National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Space Mechanics and.
Solid State Lighting (SSL) systems, powered by light-emitting diodes (LEDs), are revolutionizing the light- ing industry with energy saving and enhanced ...
Loop heat pipe (LHP) is a two-phase thermal management device, usually applied in the thermal control of ... flight model aboard the Columbia Space Shuttle.
cc compensation chamber c condenser e evaporator h heater hp heat pipe i inlet o outlet t total ... Computer cooling is another field where the thermal potential of the ... laptops with limited thickness, flat evaporator geometry is the best option.
Oct 20, 2017 - PAPER ⢠OPEN ACCESS. Chlorine condenser-evaporator simulation. To cite this article: E A Muraveva 2017 IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.
The recent design of desktop and notebook computer performance necessitates higher per- ..... HP envelope (3.7 Ã 8 mm), 2. porous wick, and 3. vapor channel.
heat dissipation is higher than 45 watt in notebook computer, and the estimate approach 80 watt .... device is showed in Figure 9. The heating die area is 13.97 ...
The conductance depends upon the thermal resistance of bayonet wall and the heat transfer coefficient between bayonet and vapor-liquid mixture in reservoir, ...
Nov 23, 1998 - University of Warwick institutional repository: http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap. This paper is made available online in accordance with publisher ...
gated under conditions characteristic for combustion exhaust from diesel engines and oil or ... development and exhaust gas treatment. In many applications,.
previous experimental tests, a mini experimental apparatus based on a ... surface with a cooling plate surface located on the back of the video in a notebook.
Koko, 1987) for the design of multiple-effect evaporator systems with backward feed is ... subsystem of heat transfer equations can be solved separately from the mass and ... (rather than temperature alone) as auxiliary unknowns, the problem.
1.2 Problems associated with multiple effect evaporators. 1.3 Objectives. Chapter
2. LITERATURE REVIEW. 2.1 Different types of evaporators. 2.1.1 Horizontal ...
Feb 29, 2016 - Smart Control of Multiple Evaporator Systems with. Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks. Apolinar González-Potes *, Walter A. Mata-López â ...
Grab samples of feed to MEE and condensate from MEE were collected every day for a week. ... plunger pump that will enable the removal of hard scale.
In this paper we incorporate dipolar potential fields used for nonholonomic navigation into a novel po- tential function designed for multi â robot naviga- tion.
and releases a free token after its packet transmission. The ... the fraction of time spent in information transfer is small. .... This rotation time is random as the num- ..... [9] J. Medhi. ... Stochastic Processes in Queueing and Reliability, page
Comparison of equilibrium and nonequilibrium models of a CSTR with total condenser focused on the multiple steady states and dynamic behaviour was carried ...
San Francisco, CA 94080; â¡School of Pharmacy, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United ... The technical difficulty of .... ments, Sarasota, FL).
open loop pulsating heat pipe (OLPHP), where several issues related to its performance were evaluated. Tests were conducted with different working fluids for ...
Temperature oscillation characteristics of loop heat pipes (LHPs) for alpha magnetic spectrometer (AMS) cryocoolers during thermal vacuum and thermal ...
Acknowledgement This study is a joint effort funded by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and Swales Aerospace Inc. Special thanks to Laura Ottenstein and Jentung Ku at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for their valuable and constant support during this program.
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Objectives Miniaturized dual-evaporator and dual-condenser LHP Prototypical of a centralized thermal bus for a small satellite. The focus of design and development was optimization of performance: Maximizing
heat transport Maximizing overall conductance Minimizing auxiliary power requirements Minimizing total system mass Reduce Integration constraints
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Classical LHP Advantages: 1. LHPs are capable of passively transporting large heat loads over long distances with small temperature gradients. 2. Small diameter, flexible transport lines, which can be used for deployable radiators or to simplify integration. 3. LHPs are reasonably insensitive to adverse elevation, which simplifies pre-launch system-level testing. 4. LHP is a natural thermal diode. Disadvantage:
Reservoir Reservoir
Evaporator Qin
Primary
Primary Wick Wick
In application to date, devices Limited to single evaporator.
Secondary Secondary Wick Wick
Liquid Line
Main Pump
Vapor Line d
Secondary Pump
Condenser Primary Flow Path
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Dual Evaporator Dual Condenser LHP Advantages:
SSC05-XI-5
Primary Wick
Secondary Wick Compensation Chamber
Vapor Line
Evaporator
Liquid Line
1. Viable light-weight design alternative 2. Removing heat from multiple sources 3. Isothermalize the heat sources. 3. Heat from one source can be shared with unpowered heat sources, minimizing survival heater power. 4. If one radiator is warmed, it will be isolated automatically (dioding nature of LHP). The heat will be diverted to the radiator facing the colder sink. 5. Small diameter, flexible transport lines simplify integration.
Condensers
Flow Isolator
4
Requirements Evaporator operating range: -10 to 30oC Condensers operating range: -60 to -10oC Heat load: 5 to 100W Adverse elevation: 10cm
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Design Summary Evaporators: Heat
Flow Isolator
load acquisition interface
Provide
Vapor Transport Line
heat load sharing
Radiator 1
Compensation Chambers: Store
Liquid Transport Line
excess fluid
Adequate
fluid inventory
Control
operating temperature of mini-LHP
Compensation Chamber
Parameter Heat Load 5-100 W Evaporator Diameter 8mm (0.32in) Evaporator Length 50mm (2.0in) Liquid Transport line 1.5mm (0.06in) Vapor Transport Line 2.5mm (0.09in) o 340J/ C Thermal Mass Thermal Device Total Weight 316 grams SSC05-XI-5
Radiator 2 Evaporator 1 Thermal Mass
Vapor Manifold
Evaporator 2
6
Design Summary Transport Lines: Transport
21
vapor and liquid
11
Flexible,
small diameter and
22
10
35
34
23
24 29
16
20
33
coiled Condensers: 19
Imbedded
17
28
15
into semi-circular
12
radiator
13
Flow Isolator: operation with nonuniform sink conditions
32
25
26
18
Allows
30
31 14
27
TC locations with respect to the condenser tubing
Thermally
isolate warm condenser
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Test Setup and Instrumentation Evaporators assembly leveled within +/- 1.5 mm and 10cm above condensers. Each component was individually insulated to minimize heat exchange between the mini-LHP and ambient. The condensers were not insulated Tests performed in an environmental chamber to control sink conditions 50 type “T” thermocouples Cartridge heaters for electrical heat input with an active length of 2 in 400 gram aluminum thermal masses
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Startup, Conductance and Maximum Power to Evaporator 20 15
Conclusions Dual evaporator/dual compensation chamber system operated successfully under all test conditions
One or both evaporators powered One condenser superheated Evaporator power switching and sink cycling Non-uniform heat load
Operating temperature depends on power applied to evaporator of controlling CC Temperature oscillations observed with one evaporator powered at 50W and other evaporator unpowered.
Believed to be due to to bubbles expanding and collapsing in liquid-filled CC
Flow isolator successfully permits operation with one condenser superheated
