Orthographic Software Modeling â A Practical ...
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Outline Ë
Modern software engineering paradigms
Ë
Review of KobrA
Ë
Orthographic Software Modeling H
View-based software engineering
H
Dynamic view generation
H
Dimension Based Navigation
Ë
Case study
Ë
Conclusion
Modern Software Engineering Paradigms Ë
Model-driven Software Development (MDSD) H
Ë
Component (service) - based Development (CBD) H
Ë
Product families
Other Paradigms H
Ë
Composition hierarchy
Product-line Engineering (PLE) H
Ë
Levels of abstraction
Aspect-oriented
Using those Paradigms H
lots of different views
H
different notations
Observations Ë
New software engineering paradigms dramatically increase number of views H
traditional source code is also “just a view”
Ë
“Enterprise Architecture” adds more information and more views
Ë
Executability is only one property of a system. Others include –
Ë
H
Checkability
H
Predictablity
H
Testability
To support these effectively we need … H
Inherently View-oriented Methods
H
Dynamic View Generation
H
Dimension Based Navigation
Orthographic Software System Service Modeling
Basic Philosophy of the Proposed IDE Ë
Support for multi-views H
Ë
Views as Projections H
Ë
Multiple inter-related diagrams and representations
Should be as “orthogonal” as possible
Multi-Dimensional Navigation Space H
Every view exists at a particular set of coordinates
Ë
Flexible infrastructure that can be extended with new tools and views
Ë
Single underlying representation of the software system
Component Views in KobrA Specification
Behavioral View (UML statechart diagram)
Operational View (operation specifications)
Behavioural View (UML activity diagrams)
Business Component
Operational View (UML collaboration communication diagrams)
Structural View (UML class/object diagrams)
Structural View (UML class/object diagrams)
Realization
Modeling Principles Uniformity Ë all behavior rich elements should be viewed as components, including (sub)systems Ë component assembly = component development Parsimony Ë minimal set of concepts (no redundancy) Locality Ë all models should be local to a component Encapsulation Ë component specifications (what) must be separated from component realizations (how)
Component Nesting in KobrA UML-based modeling of nested components attempts to reconcile MDD, CBD and PLE key ideas Ë
Three fundamental development dimensions
Ë
three fundamental viewpoints
Ë
strict separation of black box and white box views
key benefits Ë
full power of UML available to model components
Ë
OCL available for formality and precision
Separation of Development Dimensions Abstraction (MDA)
Genericity (PLE)
Application Composition (CBD)
Framework instantiation decomposition refinement
9
View-Based Modeling Frameworks – Current Status CD XMI OpSpec
test cases code
RegEx software component
Java source
UML classes
Behavior
Goal – On-Demand View Generation
Java source
UML classes
Behavior
A Simple View-Based "Modeling" Metaphor Ë
other engineering disciplines have a long and successful tradition of technical drawing H
Ë
orthographic projection
so why don't we do this in software engineering?
Views as Projections
Structural projection system object Functional projection
Behavioral projection
Separation of Specification and Realizations
Structural projection
Functional
system object
projection Behavioral projection
Hierarchical (De)Composition
Single Underlying Model - Package Structure
Ë
Component model derived from KobrA (KobrA 2.0)
Ë
fully integrated into UML
Ë
formalized definition through OCL constraints
Ë
views generated on demand via ATL transformations
Single Underlying Model – Core Metamodel
The Navigation Jungle
Java source
UML classes
Behavior
Navigation Ë
In every dimension, exactly one dimension element can be selected
Ë
Once an element is selected in every dimension, an appropriate view is generated (i.e. a transformation is launched and an editor is started)
Ë
Unified navigation
Cell
(Component-based) Software System
Dimension Explorer
dimensions
dimension elements
editor
Navigation Ë
Dimension configuration example H
Component (Composition)
H
Abstraction Level
H
Information Hiding / Encapsulation
H
Projection
H
Variant
H
Language
H
Notation
Software Modeling Environment Roles Ë
Methodologist H
Ë
creates rules for dimensions and its contents I
predefined elements
I
source of dimension elements (e.g. dynamically generated from the single underlying model)
I
changeability rights by developer
Developer H
uses dimension based navigation
H
manipulates software system through “views”
Case Study: Mobile Tourist Guide
Mobile Tourist Guide
Name
searchTouristAttractions
Description
Searches for tourist attractions depending on the user’s preferences and the current context (e.g. location, time, weather)
Receives
-
Returns
TouristAttractionList
Sends
TouristGuideService.getTouristAttraction()
Reads
ContextSet, Preferences
Changes
TouristAttractionList
Body
-
Precondition
Preferences have been set up, Context Sources are available
1 Is the mobile client device capable of playing videos?
2 What visibility should be assignable to context item the mobile client? (Public context items are transm to the server, private context items not) MobileTouristGuide MobileTouristGuide Private Private Structural Structural --Boolean ValueSet {Public, Private, PublicAndPrivate} ResolutionValue: True ResolutionValue: Public (1) remove stereotype at Class Video (1) remove PrivateContex (2) remove association PrivateContextMatcher (2) remove stereotype on operation MobileTouristGuide.getVideo() TouristGuide ResolutionValue: False (1) remove Class Video (2) remove operation MobileTouristGuide.getVideo()
ResolutionValue: Private (1) remove stereotype at Komponen PrivateContextMatcher
ResolutionValue: PublicAndPrivate (1) remove stereotype at Komponen PrivateContextMatcher Stakeholder
Application Engineer
Application Engineer
Mobile Tourist Guide
Context Manager
Context Manager
ID Description Component Abstraction Projection Constraints ResolutionSet Effects
Stakeholder
3 Is the mobile client device capable of playing videos? ContextManager Specification Structural -Boolean ResolutionValue == True (1) remove stereotype at Komponent 3rdPartyContextServices ResolutionValue == False (1) remove Komponent 3rdPartyContextServices (2) remove association 3rdPartyContextServicesMobileTouristGuide Application Engineer
Conclusion Ë
Orthographic modeling offers a simple but powerful paradigm for supporting the multi-view development of software systems Orthographic System Modeling = view generation mechanism + navigation paradigm + View-based method
Ë
Ongoing work H
Consolidation of architecture
H
Addition of more views
H
Adaptation to other frameworks
On-demand generation from single underlying model Orthographic (dimension-based) KobrA 2.0
