Message from the Chairs

AMS2009 Asia Modelling Symposium 2009 Third Asia International Conference on Modelling and Simulation 25-26/29 May 2009 Bandung/Bali, Indonesia Sponsored by

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MSS

N O TTING HAM TRENT UNIVERSITY

Edited by David AI-Dabass, Robertus Triweko, Sani Susanto, and Ajith A braham

AMS 2009 Information

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Welcome Message from the Chairs We are very pleased to welcome our colleagues from Asia and other parts o f the world to the Third Asia International Conference on Modelling and Simulation, the Asia Modelling Symposium 2009, held in two locations in Indonesia for the first time: in Bandung on 25 and 26 May and Bali on 29 May. The conference Program Committee has organized an exciting and balanced program comprising presentations from distinguished experts in the field, and important and wide-ranging contributions on state-of-the-art research that provides new insights into the latest innovations in the modelling and simulation o f intelligent systems. The third such event in this region, it follows in the foot steps o f the second held in Kuala Lumpur in May 2008, and the first held jointly with the 11th Thai Annual National Symposium for Computational Science and Engineering, ANSCSE-11, in March 2007 at the Prince o f Songkla University campus in Phuket. We are hopeful that its outstanding technical content contributed by leading researchers in the field from Asia and worldwide will ensure its continued success. No plans have yet been finalized for the location o f next year’s event, but it would be appropriate to choose another interesting location in another neighboring country. The main themes addressed by this conference are: - Intelligent Systems - Hybrid Intelligent Systems and Hybrid Soft Computing - Methodologies, Tools and Operations Research - Bio-informatics and Bio-Medical Simulation - Discrete Event and Real Time Systems - Image, Speech and Signal Processing - Industry, Business and Management - Human Factors, Social & Economic Sciences - Engineering: Civil, Mechanical, Chemical, Industrial, Manufacturing and Control - Energy, Power Generation and Distribution - Transport, Logistics, Harbour, Shipping and Marine Simulation - Virtual Reality, Visualization and Computer Games - Parallel and Distributed Architectures and Systems - Internet Modelling, Semantic Web and Ontologies - Performance Engineering o f Computer & Communication Systems - Circuits, Sensors and Devices AMS 2009 is technically sponsored by UK Simulation Society, Asia Modelling and Simulation Society (AMSS), European Simulation council (EUROSIM), IEEE Computer Society (UK and RI), European Conference for Modelling and Simulation (ECMS), Parahyangan Catholic university (UNPAR), Bandung, Indonesia, University o f Technology, Malaysia (UTM), Norway University o f Science and Technology, and Nottingham Trent University, UK. AMS2009 proved to be very popular and received submissions from over 40 countries. The conference program committee had a very challenging task o f choosing high quality submissions. Each paper was peer reviewed by several independent referees o f the program committee and, based on the recommendation o f the reviewers, 135 papers were finally accepted. The papers offer stimulating insights into emerging modelling and simulation techniques for intelligent and hybrid intelligent systems or employing intelligent methodologies. We express our sincere thanks to the plenary speakers, authors, track chairs, Program Committee members, and additional reviewers who have made this conference a success. Finally, we hope that you will find the conference to be a valuable resource in your professional, research, and educational activities whether you are a student, academic, researcher, or a practicing professional. Enjoy! David Al-Dabass, Robertus Triweko, Sani Susanto, Ajith Abraham General and Program Chairs

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Conference Organization C o n feren ce C hair Robertus Triweko, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung, Indonesia

C o n feren ce Co-Chair Sani Susanto, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung, Indonesia

Program C hair Paulus Sukapto, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung, Indonesia

Program Co-Chairs Paulus Karta Wijaya, Nico Saputro, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung, Indonesia

G eneral Chairs David Al-Dabass, Nottingham Trent University, UK Ajith Abraham, Norwegian University o f Science and Technology, Norway

T ra c k Advisory T ea m s Energy, P o w er G en eratio n and D istribu tio n Janos-Sebestyen Janosy Shukri Zainal Abidin Mohd Mustafa

In te rn e t M odelling, S e m an tic W eb, and O ntologies Jafar Habibi Sadiq Hussain Taha Osman Ali Selamat R K Subramanian

P a ra llel and D istrib u ted A rc h ite c tu re s and S ystem s Rassul Ayani Y M T eo Kamalrulnizam Abu-Bakar

P e rfo rm a n c e Engineering of C o m p uter and C o m m un ication S ystem s Irfan Awan Asfand-E-Yar Nor Khamis Zulkifli Yusof

V is u a lis a tio n and C o m p uter G am es Suiping Zhou Zuwairie Ibrahim Habibollah Haron

In te llig e n t S ystem s Ajith Abraham Patrick Wong Mohd Fauzi Othman

H ybrid S o ft Com puting Ajith Abraham Siti Mariyam Shamsuddin

Tran sp o rt, Lo gistics, H arbor, Shipping, and M a rin e S im u latio n Yuri Merkuryev Teruaki Ito Omar Yaakob Galina Merkuryeva Evtim Peytchev

Ind ustry, Business, and M a n a g em en t Alessandra Orsoni

M eth od olog ies and Tools/O R Gary tan Farshad Moradi Russell Cheng Mohd Ngadiman

B io in fo rm a tic s and B iom edical S im u latio n Norlaili Safri Jasmy Yunus

C ircu its, Sensors and D evices M anaf hashim Ooi Chia Yee

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In te rn a tio n a l Program C o m m itte e Prof. Dr. Abo Al-Ola A tif Prof. Ferda Nur Alpaslan, Turkey Prof. Jiri Kunovsky, Czech Republic Prof. Agostino Bruzzon, Italy Prof. Arpad Kelemen, USA Prof. Yuehui Chen, China Prof. Emilio Corchado, Spain Prof. Shamsudin Amin, Malaysia Prof Benny Suprapto, Indonesia Prof. P. Pichappan, India Prof. Crina Grosan, Romania Prof Paulus Rihardjo, Indonesia Prof. Xiao-Zhi Gao, Finland Prof Wimpy Santosa, Indonesia Prof. Rubiyah Yusof, M alaysia Prof. Marzuki B. Khalid, Malaysia Prof. Daniela Zaharie, Romania Prof. Osamu Ono, Japan Prof Robertus Triweko, Indonesia Prof. Sanjay Chaudhary, India Prof. Sung-Bae Cho, Korea Prof Rosni Abdullah, Malaysia Prof. Jeng-Shyang Pan, Taiwan Prof. Carlos Martin Vide, Spain Prof. Zhou Mingtao, China Prof. Kazunori Sato, Japan Prof. Kunio Igusa, Japan Prof Mohamed Khalil Hani, Malaysia Prof Yuri Merkuryev, Latvia Prof Eduard Babulak, Canada Prof R K. Subramanian, Mauritius Prof K.G. Subramanian, Malaysia Dr Farshad Moradi, Sweden Dr Helen Karatza, Greece Dr. Gaby Neumann, Germany Dr. Rashid Mehmood, UK Dr Cecilia Nugraheni Dr. Fazal Rehman, MAJ University, Pakistan Dr Ferry Permana, Indonesia Dr Richard Zobel, UK Dr. Issakki Kosonen, Helsinki Dr Aloysius Rusli, Indonesia Dr Veronica Moertini, Indonesia Dr Kinley Aritonang, Indonesia Dr Paulus Kartawijaya, Indonesia Dr. Taha Osman, UK Dr Bagus Arthaya, Indonesia

Dr Shamin Ahmad, UK Dr Tri Basuki, Indonesia Dr Dharma Lesmono, Indonesia Prof. Andrzej Dzielinski, Poland Prof Galina Merkuryeva, Latvia Prof Xiangrong Liu, China Prof. Leonid Novitski, Latvia Dr. Hongbo Liu, China Dr Ari Prihatmanto, Indonesia Dr Miryam Wijaya, Indonesia Prof. Hisao Ishibuchi, Japan Dr. D K Pra, India Dr Cecilia Lauw, Indonesia Dr Fengge Gao, UK Dr Xiaohong Gao, UK Dr Budi Bisowarno, Indonesia Dr Buana Girisuta, Indonesia Dr Mo Song, UK Dr Vincent C S Lee, Australia Prof. Gerrit Janssens, Belgium Dr Edward Williams, USA Prof Atulya Nagar, UK Dr Sani Susanto, Indonesia Prof Sadiq Hussain, USA Prof.Mohammad Essaaidi Dr. Alan Crispin, UK Hotna Rosaly, Indonesia Dedy Suryadi, Indonesia Dr Frank Ball, UK Pandian Vasant, Malaysia, Lucky Adhie, Indonesia Ali Sadiyoko, Indonesia Dong-hwa Kim, Korea, Nico Saputro, Indonesia Rian Pratikto, Indonesia Zhang Yi, China Elisati Hulu, Indonesia Min-Shiang Hwang, Taiwan Jeng-Shyang Pan, Taiwan M arihotNainggolan, Indonesia Thedy Yogasara, Indonesia Dr. Saleh A. Al-Jufout, Jordan Dr. Er Meng Joo, Singapore Cynthia Juwono, Indonesia Ignatius Sandy, Indonesia Paramasivan Saratchandran, Singapore Mario Koeppen, Japan

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In te rn a tio n a l R eview ers Abu Khari Ghulam Mohd Zaidi Normaziah Izhal Ruzairi Rosni Dayang Norhayati Hassan Ajith Kamalrulnizam Rohani Syed Abd Rahman Khalid David Dhiya Mikulas Belal Tony Ferda Shamsudin Konar Obinna Irfan Irfan Eduard Kambiz Gurvinder Gurvinder-Singh Preeti Narendra Fabian Felix Adam Agostino Piers Richard Andre Sanjay Russell Monica Roy Jiri Mazlina G Jafar Fazilah Habibollah M anaf

A'ain Abbas Abd Rozan Abdul Aziz Abdul Halin Abdul Rahim Abdulla Abg Jawawi Abolhassani Abraham Abu Bakar Abu Bakar Abu Bakar Al-Begain Al-Dabass Al-Jumeily Alexik Alhaija Allen Alpaslan Amin Amit Anya Awan Awan Babulak Badie Baicher Baicher Bajaj Bawane Boettinger Breitenecker Brentnall Bruzzone Campbell Cant Carvalho Chaudhary Cheng Chis Crosbie Dvorsky Esa Ganesan Habibi Haron Haron Hashim

Vlatka Zuwairie Mohd. Yazid Teruaki Janos-Sebestyen Emilio Esko Helen S. D. Marzuki Hisham Shubha Petia Jiri Caroline Malcolm Yoke Hean Mahdi Khalid Yuri Galina Radziah Samsul Bahari Atulya Gaby Lars Alessandra Taha Mohd Fauzi Charles Gillian Mirjana Evtim Heather Steve Marco Norlaili Zaliman Siti Mariyam Kumbakonam Govindarajan Hissam Palaniappagounder Patrick Wolfgang Fadi Jasmy Suiping Richard Borut

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Hlupic Ibrahim Idris Ito Janosy Macias Juuso Karatza Katebi Khalid Khamis Kher Koprinkova Kunovsky Langensiepen Low M ahfouf Marzuki Merkuryev Merkuryeva Mohamad Mohd-Noor Nagar Neumann Nolle Orson i Osman Othman Patchett Pearce Pejic-Bach Peytchev Powell Presland Remondino Safri Sauli Shamsuddin Subram an ian Tawfik Thangavel Wang Wiechert Yaacoub Yunus Zhou Zobel Zupancic

T ech n ical Sponsors Asia Modelling and Simulation Society UK Simulation Society European Simulation Council (EUROSIM) European Council for Modelling and Simulation (ECMS) Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung, Indonesia (UNPAR) University o f Technology, Malaysia (UTM) Norway University o f Science and Technology Nottingham Trent University, UK

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Proceedings Third Asia International Conference on Modelling and Simulation

AMS 2009 Asia Modelling Symposium 2009 Bandung/Bali, Indonesia

25-26/29 May 2009

Technically sponsored by A sia M odelling and Sim ulation Society U K Sim ulation Society E uropean Sim ulation C ouncil (E U R O SIM ) E uropean C ouncil for M odelling and Sim ulation (E C M S) P arahyangan C atholic U niversity, B andung, Indonesia (U N P A R ) U niversity o f T echnology, M alaysia (U TM ) N orw ay U niversity o f Science and T echnology N ottingham T rent U niversity, U K

Los Alamitos, California C o n fa rv n c a P u b lis h in g Servie«»

Washington • Tokyo

IEEE

Copyright O 2009 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Copyright and Reprint Permissions: Abstracting is permitted with credit to the source. Libraries may photocopy beyond the limits o f US copyright law, for private use of patrons, those articles in this volume that carry a code at the bottom o f the first page, provided that the per-copy fee indicated in the code is paid through the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. Other copying, reprint, or republication requests should be addressed to: IEEE Copyrights Manager, IEEE Service Center, 445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 133, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331. The papers in this book comprise the proceedings o f the meeting mentioned on the cover and title page. They reflect the authors ’ opinions and, in the interests o f timely dissemination, are published as presented and without change. Their inclusion in this publication does not necessarily constitute endorsement by the editors, the IEEE Computer Society, or the Institute o f Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. IEEE Computer Society Order Number P3648 BMS Part Number CFP0909C-CDR ISBN 978-0-7695-3648-4 Additional copies may be orderedfrom : IEEE Computer Society Customer Service Center 10662 Los Vaqueros Circle P.O. Box 3014 Los Alamitos, CA 90720-1314 Tel: + 1 800 272 6657 Fax: + 1 714 821 4641 http://computer.org/cspress [email protected]

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2009 Third Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation

AMS 2009

Table of Contents Welcome Message from the Chairs.................................................................................... xvi Conference Organization......................................................................................................xvii International Program Committee....................................................................................... xix International Reviewers.......................................................................................................... xx Technical Sponsors................................................................................................................ xxi

Plenary Abstracts D N A C om puting M o dels and P r a c tic e ................................................................................................................................... 1 Osamu Ono Future C yberspace and 3D T elep resence C o llaborative E n v iro n m e n ts ......................................................................3 Eduard Babulak A dvances in S upply C h ain S im u la tio n .................................................................................................................................. 5 Agostino Bruzzone and Yuri Merkuryev

TRACK: 01(A) Intelligent Systems D etection o f S teganography Inserted by O utG uess and S teghide by M eans o f N eural N e tw o r k s ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Zuzana Oplatkova, Jiri Holoska, Ivan Zelinka, and Roman Senkerik A Proposed R esearch fo r C on ceptu al M od eling o f P o licy-B ased M ob ile A gent G r o u p s ............................................................................................................................................................................................13 Amir Talaei-Khoei, Pradeep K. Ray, andNandan Parameswaran A n Im m une B idirectional R eg u latio n-B ased D ecoupling C ontrol in Single Shift G as T urbine P la n t.............................................................................................................................................................19 Xiang-feng Zhang, Jan Liu, and Zhi-jie Wang

F itting M em b ersh ip F u n ctio n w ith P S O In ertia W eig h t fo r T ru ck B ack er-U p p er P r o b le m ............................................................................................................................................................. 25 Siti Zaiton M ohd Hashim and Kurniawan Eka Permana C onstrain t-B ased G en etic A lg o rith m s for M achine R equirem ent o f S em ico n d u cto r A sse m b ly In dustry: A P ro p o sed F ra m e w o rk .................................................................................29 Umi Kalsom Yusof and Safaai Deris R eview o f A N N T ech n iq u e fo r M o d elin g S urface R oughness P erform ance M easure in M ach in in g P r o c e s s ...............................................................................................................................................35 Azlan Mohd Zain, Habibollah Haron, and Safian Sharif D esign o f an In tellig en t R oute P la n n in g S ystem U sin g an E nhanced A * -search A lg o rith m ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 40 Wong Poh Lee, M ohd Azam Osman, and Maziani Sabudin F lood P attern D etectio n U sin g S lid in g W in d o w T e c h n iq u e ........................................................................................ 45 Ku Ruhana Ku-Mahamud, Norharyani Zakaria, Norliza Katuk, and M ohamad Shbier A gent B ased M odel fo r C all C en ters U sin g K now ledge M a n a g e m e n t.....................................................................51 Farzad Peyravi and Amin Keshavarzi E xtractio n and R eco g n itio n A lg o rith m in 3D O bject F e a tu re s ....................................................................................57 Zuraini Sukimin and Habibollah Haron A rtificial A nts for C lu sterin g w ith A d ap tive A g g regation C onditions: A pplicatio n to Im age C lu s te r in g ........................................................................................................................................... 61 Akil Elkamel, Mariem Gzara, Salma Jamoussi, andH anene Ben-Abdallah A n E fficient M eth o d fo r L o g g in g S trategy U sing C ase B ased R easoning in Soccer S im u la tio n .................................................................................................................................................................67 AH Hajipour, Yasaman Heydarzadeh, Abolfazl Toroghy Haghighat, and Azam Bastanfard A pplicatio n o f Q uery S en sitiv e Sim ilarity M easu re in IR s y s te m s ...........................................................................73 Shirin Hasanzadeh and Amin Keshavarzi O ptim ised C ell F o rm atio n A lg o rith m C o n sid erin g S equence o f O perations, A lternative R outing an d P a rt-V o lu m e ................................................................................................................................ 79 Sani Susanto, D avid Al-Dabass, and Arijit Bhattacharya

TRACK: 02(B) Hybrid Intelligent Systems and Hybrid Soft Computing S ubspace E x tracting A d ap tiv e C ellu lar N etw o rk for L ayered A rchitectures w ith C ircu lar B o u n d a rie s .........................................................................................................................................................85 Mohit Garg and Joydip Dhar Q uery O p tim izatio n in R elev an ce F eed b ack U sin g H ybrid G A -P S O for E ffective W eb In fo rm atio n R e tr ie v a l........................................................................................................................... 91 Siti Nurkhadijah Aishah Ibrahim, Ali Selamat, and Mohd Hafiz Selamat S peed C ontrol o f B u ck -co n v erter D riv en D c M o to r B ased on S m ooth T rajectory T r a c k in g .................................................................................................................................................................. 97 R.M.T. Raja Ismail, M.A. Ahmad, and M.S. Ramli

W eighted C entral M o m e n t fo r P attern R ecognition: D erivation, A nalysis o f Invarianceness, an d S im u latio n U sin g L etter C h a ra c te r s ...................................................................................... 102 Rela Puteri Pamungkas and Siti Mariyam Shamsuddin R ough Set T h eo ry fo r T o p o lo g ical S paces in In fo rm atio n S y s te m s ........................................................................107 Tutut Herawan and Mustafa Mat Deris

Solving Constrained Multi-objective Optimization Problems Using N o n -d o m in ated R an k ed G en etic A lg o rith m .................................................................................................................... 113 Omar A l Jadaan, C.R. Rao, and Lakshmi Rajamani A D irect P ro o f o f E v ery R o u g h Set is a Soft S e t ........................................................................................................... 119 Tutut Herawan and Mustafa Mat Deris E nhan cem en t o f P article S w arm O p tim izatio n in E lm an R ecurrent N etw ork w ith B ounded V m ax F u n c tio n ............................................................................................................................................. 125 M ohamad Firdaus Ab Aziz, Siti Mariyam H j Shamsuddin, and Razana Alwee

Combination of Harmony Search and Linear Discriminate Analysis to Improve Classification.........................................................................................................................................131 Hossein Moeinzadeh, Ehsan Asgarian, M ohammad Zanjani, Abdolazim Rezaee, and Mojtaba Seidi Intelligent W eb C ach in g for E -le a m in g L og D a ta .........................................................................................................136 Sarina Sulaiman, Siti Mariyam Shamsuddin, Fadni Forkan, Ajith Abraham, and Shahida Sulaiman E v o lu tio n ary-R ed u ced O rd ered B in ary D ecisio n D ia g ra m ........................................................................................ 142 Hossein Moeinzadeh, Mehdi Mohammadi, Hossein Pazhoumand-dar, Arman Mehrbakhsh, Navid Kheibar, and Nasser Mozayani A T ransparent C lassificatio n M o d el U sing a H ybrid Soft C o m p u tin g M e th o d ...................................................146 Raja Noor Ainon, Adel Lahsasna, and Teh Ying Wah

TRACK: 03(C) Methodologies, Tools, and Operations Research T ow ards an E fficien t M eth o d fo r S pread ing In fo rm atio n in Social N e tw o r k ...................................................... 152 H am ed Ahmadi, Arman Mehrbakhsh, and Ehsan Asgarian

Information Security Policy Decision Making: An Analytic Hierarchy Process A p p ro a c h ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 158 Junseok Hwang and Irfan Syamsuddin A n A chievable S erv ice-O rien ted A rch itectu re— A S O A .............................................................................................164 At i f Farid M ohammad O bject-P ro cess M eth o d o lo g y : A H id d en Secret fo r SO A Service D e s ig n ........................................................... 170 A tif Farid M ohammad M odeling and S im u latio n o f H o t M u d flo w M o vem ent P red ictio n U sin g C ellular A u to m a ta .....................................................................................................................................................................176 Achmad Basuki, Tri Harsono, and Kohei Arai Initial P roblem s w ith P o ly n o m ials o n R ig ht-hand S id e s .............................................................................................182 J ifi Kunovsky, Vlastimil Kaluza, Michal Kraus, and Vaclav Satek

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A pplication o f R eg ressio n an d A N N T ech n iq u es for M odeling o f the Surface R oughness in E n d M illin g M ach in in g P r o c e s s ............................................................................................................ 188 Azlan Mohd Zain, Habibollah Haron, and Safian Sharif

Late Hardware/Software Partitioning by Using SystemC Functional M odels ......................................................194 Peter Brunmayr, Jan Haase, and Florian Schupfer E valuating the B est o f K n o w led g e M an ag em en t T ech n o lo g y for Sm all M edium E nterprise B ased on F u zzy A n alytic H ierarchy P ro c e s s ............................................................................ 200 Ferdinand Murni Hamundu, Lelyzar Siregar, and Rahmat Budiarto M ethodology o f the T ay lo r Series B ased C o m p u ta tio n s .............................................................................................206 Jifi Kunovsky, Martina Drozdova, Jan Kopriva, and Milan Pindryc A M odel-free M obility M etric B ased on N ode A ffiliation for Sim ulation o f A d H oc and Sensor N e tw o r k s ..................................................................................................................................................... 212 Matthias R. Brust and Carlos H. C. Ribeiro N ogood R ecording w ith T ab u Search for C SP (A p plication to F A P ) .................................................................... 218 Mohammad Dib, Alexandre Caminada, and Hakim Mabed M onte C arlo S im ulation o f M icro T raffic w ith U npredictable D is tu rb a n c e ........................................................ 224 Tri Harsono, Achmad Basuki, and Kohei Arai D ynam ically W eigh ted C on tin uo us A n t C olony O p tim ization for B i-O b jective Portfolio S election U sing V a lu e -a t-R is k .......................................................................................................................... 230 Modjtaba Khalidji, M ohammad Zeiaee, Ali Taei, Mohammad Reza Jahed-Motlagh, and Hamid Khaloozadeh

TRACK: 04(D) Bio-informatics and Bio-Medical Simulation Online Signature Verification with Neural Networks Classifier and Fuzzy In fe re n c e ......................................................................................................................................................................................236 Marzuki Khalid, Hamam Mokayed, Rubiyah Yusof, and Osamu Ono E ffect o f Inclined R o w in g M achine on F E S -A ssisted In d oo r R ow ing E xercise P e rfo rm a n c e ............................................................................................................................................................................... 242 Z. Hussain, M.O. Tokhi, R. Jailani, S. Ahmad, a nd B .S K S M K a d er Ibrahim A P opulation-B ased A n t C o lony O ptim ization A p proach for D N A Sequence O p tim iz a tio n ..............................................................................................................................................................................246 Tri Basuki Kurniawan, Zuwairie Ibrahim, Noor Khafifah Khalid, and Marzuki Khalid

Automation of DNA Computing Readout Method Implemented on L ightC ycler S y s te m ..........................................................................................................................................................252 Muhammad Faiz M ohamed Saaid, Zuwairie Ibrahim, Marzuki Khalid, and Nor Haniza Sarmin P rotein T ertiary S tructure P red ictio n U sing A rtificial B ee C olony A lg o rith m .................................................. 258 Hesham Awadh A. Bahamish, Rosni Abdullah, and Rosalina Abdul Salam C ross L ayer D esign o f W ireless LA N for T elem edicine A p p lic a tio n ................................................................... 264 E.H. Putra, E. Supriyanto, J. Din, and H. Satria

N u m erical M o d elin g o f F u sifo rm A n eu ry sm w ith H igh and N o rm al B lood P r e s s u r e ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 270 Badreddin Giuma S.K., Kahar Osman, and Mohamed Rafiq Abdul Kadir W ireless M ed ical In terface U sin g Z ig B ee and B luetooth T e c h n o lo g y ..................................................................276 Indra H. Mulyadi, Eko Supriyanto, Norlaili M. Safri, and M uhammad H. Satria E nhancing N -G ram -H irsch b erg A lg o rith m b y U sing H ash F u n c tio n .................................................................... 282 Muhannad A. Abu-Hashem and Nur 'Aini Abdul Rashid

TRACK: 05(E) Discrete Event and Real Time Systems A M o dified B C E A lg o rith m fo r F au lt-T o leran ce S cheduling o f P eriodic T asks in H ard R eal-T im e S y s te m s ................................................................................................................................................. 287 M. Asadi, M.B. Menhaj, and E. Yavari S im ulation o f P o sitio n -B ased R o u tin g P rotocol in W ireless M obile A d H oc N e tw o rk .......................................................................................................................................................................................292 L.A. Latiff, N. Fisal, and S.S. Ariffm

Characterization o f Electrolytic Pot Signal by Autoregressive Model w ith E x ogenous I n p u t ............................................................................................................................................................ 298 Nilton Freixo Nagem, Antonio José da Silva, and Joâo Viana da Fonseca Neto

TRACK: 06(F) Image, Speech, and Signal Processing C hirp let B ased D en o isin g o f R eflected R A D A R S ig n a ls ........................................................................................... 304 Reza Amiri, M ohammad Alaee, Hussein Rahmani, and Mohsen Firoozmand A utom atic G ap Id en tificatio n to w ard s E fficient C o ntour L ine R econstruction in T opog rap h ic M a p s ............................................................................................................................................................. 309 B. Sandhya, Arun Agarwal, C. Raghavendra Rao, and Rajeev Wankar A P ro p o sed M eth o d fo r B rain M ed ical Im age R eg istration by H ierarchical C lustering A lg o r ith m ............................................................................................................................................................. 315 Hamidreza Pooshfam andR osni Abdullah G aussian V ario g ram M o d el fo r P rin tin g T ech n o lo g y Id e n tific a tio n ......................................................................320 M. Uma Devi, Arun Agarwal, and C. Raghavendra Rao Im age P ro cessin g U sin g E y elid B lin k in g and M outh Y aw n in g to M easu re H u m a n ’s F atigue L e v e l..........................................................................................................................................................326 Helmi Adly Mohd. Noor and Rosziati Ibrahim C on ten t-B ased Im age R etriev al fo r B lo o d C e lls ........................................................................................................... 332 Mohammad Reza Zare, Raja Noor Ainon, and Woo Chaw Seng Isolated D ig it S p eech R e c o g n itio n in M alay L anguage U sing N eu ro -F u zzy A p p ro a c h .................................................................................................................................................................................... 336 Reem Sabah and Raja N. Ainon D op p ler S p ectro g ram C a lc u la tio n U sin g C F F T A lg o rith m in a D igital S ignal P ro cesso r B ased S y s te m ........................................................................................................................................................ 341 D. Balasubramaniam and D. Nedumaran

Phase Space P o in t D isrib u tio n P aram eter for S peech R e c o g n itio n ......................................................................... 345 N.S Sreekanth, Supriya N. Pal, Girish Arunjith, and N.K. Narayanan Jaw i C h aracter S p eech -to -T ex t E n g in e U sing L inear P redictive and N eu ral N etw o rk fo r E ffectiv e R e a d in g ............................................................................................................................................ 348 ZainiArifah Othman, Zaidi Razak, N or Aniza Abdullah, and Mohd. Yakub Zulkifli Bin Mohd. Yusoff H idden M arkov M odel fo r C o n ten t-B ased V ideo R e tr ie v a l...................................................................................... 353 LiliN.A. T ile P asting P S y stem M o d el fo r P attern G e n e ra tio n ................................................................................................... 359 K.G. Subramanian, T. Robinson, andA tulya K. Nagar M alay sian V ow el R eco g n itio n B ased on S pectral E nvelope U sing B an dw idth A p p ro a c h ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 363 Fadzilah Siraj, Shahrul Azm i M. Y, Paulraj M.P., andSazali Yaacob

TRACK: 07(G) Industry, Business, and Management A d o p tio n F acto rs and Im p le m e n ta tio n Steps o f IT S M in the T a rg e t...................................................................... 369 Masarat Ayat, Mohammad Sharifi, Shamsul Sahibudin, and Sulaimi Ibrahim The D esign o f K n ow led ge M anagem en t fo r Strategy E x e c u tio n ............................................................................. 375 Okfalisa, Rose Alinda Alias, and Naomie Salim C M D B Im plem en tatio n A p p ro aches and C on siderations in S M E /S IT U ’s C o m p a n ie s .................................................................................................................................................................................. 381 Masarat Ayat, Mohammad Sharifi, Sulaimi Ibrahim, and Shamsul Sahibudin O ptim ized A llocatio n o f E x pert H um an R esources to P r o je c t................................................................................. 386 Mohammad Hasan Sebt, Am ir Akrami, Mohammad Tagi Banki, and Vahid Shahhosseini O n the A nalytical F ram ew o rk o f R esilien t S upply-C hain N etw o rk A ssessin g E x cursion E v e n ts ......................................................................................................................................................................392 Arijit Bhattacharya, John Geraghty, and Paul Young

Evaluating Effective Factors of Implementing Knowledge Management Based on FA H P M e th o d ..................................................................................................................................................................... 398 K. Rezaie, M. Byat, and S. Nazari Shirkouhi A Positive Study on the C o rrelatio ns betw een D ebt R atio o f C hinese E nterprises and E conom ic G row th and In fla tio n .......................................................................................................... 404 Yingnan Zhang, Haozhi Wang, Shengkai Fang, Yiwei Cheng, and Xiaolong Mao R esearch M etho do log y fo r A ssessin g M alay sian SM Es Perspective o n E R P .................................................... 407 Siti Shafrah Shahawai and Rosnah Idrus U ncovering H idden In fo rm ation W ithin U n iv e rsity ’s Student E n rollm en t D ata U sing D ata M in in g .................................................................................................................................................................. 413 Fadzilah Siraj and Mans our Ali Abdoulha C ritical Factors to E n su re the Successful o f O S -E R P Im plem entatio n B ased on T echnical R eq uirem ent P oint o f V ie w ........................................................................................................................419 Zirawani Baharum, Mohd. Salihin Ngadiman, and Habibollah Haron

R enovating In tellig en t O p eratio n s in S u p erm arket C h a in s ...................................................................................... 425 Agostino G. Bruzzone, Enrico Bocca, and Simonluca Poggi

TRACK: 08(H) Human Factors, Social and Economic Sciences TRACK: 09(J) Engineering: Civil, Mechanical, Chemical, Industrial, Manufacturing, and Control C o m p ariso n o f A ctive S w ay C o n tro l o f a G antry C rane S y s te m ............................................................................. 431 M.A. Ahmad, H. Ishak, A.N.K. Nasir, and M.S. Ramli A n E ducational A p p ro ach to D esign an d E v aluate D escriptor S y s te m s ............................................................... 436 Vasilis Tsoulkas and Athanasios A. Pantelous M ulti-sensor A uto n om ou s R o bo t B ased M anipu latio n o f V alves for P rocess C o n tro l.........................................................................................................................................................................................442 Prabhakar Mishra, H.N. Shankar, Jayesh Sudhir Bhat, Sumanth R. Kubair, Sameera Bharadwaja H, Anudhan S, Divya Kamath Hundi, and Goutham Kamath M odeling and S im ulation o f an A ctiv e V ibration C ontrol System for a F lexible Structure U sing F inite D ifference M e th o d ..................................................................................................................... 448 A/i Reza Tavakolpour, Intan Z. Mat Darns, and Musa Mailah R ejection o f Y aw D isturb ance in a T w o -W h eeled W heelch air S y s te m ................................................................ 454 Salmiah Ahmad, M.O. Tokhi, and Zakaria Hussain

Evaluating and Selecting Flexible Manufacturing Systems by Integrating Data Envelopm ent A nalysis and A n aly tical H ierarch y Process M o d e l........................................................................... 460 K. Rezaie, S. Nazari Shirkouhi, and S.M. Alem A n E xact D ifferential F latness C on tro l fo r a N on M inim um Phase M odel o f an Inverted P e n d u lu m ............................................................................................................................................................ 465 AH Mansour andH oussem Jerbi O ptim ization o f W arpage D efect in Injection M ou ld in g P rocess U sin g A B S M a te r ia l.......................................................................................................................................................................................470 A.H. Ahmad, Z. Leman, M.A. Azmir, K.F. Muhamad, IV.S. W. Harun, A. Juliawati, and A.B.S. Alias D esign and C ontrol o f the Stew art P latform R o b o t......................................................................................................475 Indrawanto and Anindito Santoso D uration E stim ation, a N ew A p p ro ach in C ritical C hain S c h e d u lin g .................................................................... 481 K. Rezaie, B. Manouchehrabadi, and S. Nazari Shirkouhi Sim ulation and M athem atical M o dellin g in E thanol F erm entation by A. aceti into A cetic A cid P r o d u c t.............................................................................................................................................485 Ign. Suharto, Arenst Andreas, and Maria Inggrid B oundary E lem ent M odel C o up led w ith F inite E lem ent M odel for D ynam ic

Soil-Pile Interaction.................................................................................................................................................491 Paulus Karta Wijaya

TRACK: 10(K) Energy, Power Generation, and Distribution M odeling and S im u latio n o f P h o to v o ltaic W a te r P u m ping S y s te m ...................................................................... 4 9 7 Akihiro Oi, Makbul Anwari, and M ohammad Taufik Perform ance A n alysis o f Shunt R eactive P o w er C o m p e n s a to rs ............................................................................. 503 Emili Schaefer, Makbul Anwari, and Mohammad Taufik C om puter Sim ulation o f L eakag e C urren t on C eram ic In su lator un der C lean F og C o n d itio n ........................................................................................................................................................................... 508 Suwarno and F. Pratomosiwi T he Im pact o f E m b edd ed G en eratio n D ue to H arm onic P e rfo rm a n c e .................................................................. 514 Aziah Khamis, Matthew Armstrong, and Marizan Sulaiman

TRACK: 11 (L) Transport, Logistics, Harbour, Shipping, and Marine Simulation M odeling G roups o f P ed estrian s in L east E ffort C row d M ovem ents U sing C ellular A u to m a ta ....................................................................................................................................................................520 Siamak Sarmady, Fazilah Haron, and Abdullah Zawawi Hj. Talib Supply C hain Sim ulation in the E C L IPS Project: R eal-life B e n e fit.......................................................................526 Yuri Merkuryev, Galina Merkuryeva, Roel De Haes, Bram Desmet, An De Wispelaere, and Jonas Hatem A M ethod to E xtract F u tu re W arsh ips in C om plex S ea-Sky B ackground w hich M ay Be V irtu ally In v is ib le ...................................................................................................................................... 533 G.K. Santhalia, Nitin Sharma, Sanatya Singh, Milan Das, and Jitesh MulChandani Sim ulation-B ased Study U sing a S tair C lim bing W h e e lc h a ir.................................................................................. 537 Teruaki I to

Modeling Green Logistics......................................................................................................................................5 4 3 Agostino G. Bruzzone, Alberto Tremori, Marina Massei, and Federico Tarone

TRACK: 12(M) Virtual Reality, Visualization, and Computer Games A L ow C ost A p proach to P ed iatric Pedestrian Safety in V irtual R e a lity ............................................................. 549 Kuldeep Pandey, Gary J. Grimes, and D avid C. Schwebel Isosurface E xtraction o f V olum etric D ata U sin g Im plicit Surface P o ly g o n iz a tio n .......................................................................................................................................................................... 555 Pan Zheng, Bahari Belaton, and Iman Yi Liao V isualizing the Y ield P attern fo r M ulti C lass C la s s ific a tio n ....................................................................................560 Megat Norulazmi Megat M ohamed Noor and Shaidah Jusoh A n O verview o f R obotic S im ulation E -le a m in g ........................................................................................................... 566 Norhazlan AbdH am id, Habibollah Haron, M uhammadIkhwan Jambak, and Zuraini Sukimin

TRACK: 13(N) Parallel and Distributed Architectures and Systems M odeling o f a L ad d er L ogic P ro c e sso r for H igh P erform ance P rgram m able Logic C o n tro lle r....................................................................................................................................................................... 572 Zulfakar Aspar and M ohamed Khalil-Hani A utonom ic R an k in g an d C h aracterizatio n o f D ata S ources and Q uery

Processing Sites Using Ant Colony T h e o ry ................................................................................................................... 578 Eliana Valenzuela Andrade and Manuel Rodiguez-Martinez PG S: P erv asiv e G rid S im u lato r L ib r a r y .......................................................................................................................... 584 Rebbah Mohammed, Mokhtari Chakir, Souane Naima, and Ghezal Kheira O n a Stable M atch in g P ro b lem o f H y b rid M u lti-sta g e In terconnection N e tw o r k s .................................................................................................................................................................................... 590 Nitin Nitin and Ruchi Verma A L ow -C o m p lex ity T a sk S ch ed u lin g A lg orithm for H eterogeneous C o m p u tin g

Systems ........................................................................................................................................................................................596 Foad Lotfifar and Hadi Shahriar Shahhoseini D istriB it: A D istrib u ted D ynam ic B in ary E x ecution E n g in e .................................................................................... 602 Lin Ling, Chu Chao, Sun Tingtao, Liang Alei, and Guan Haibing E fficient H igh P erfo rm an ce C o m p u tin g F ram ew o rk fo r S hort R ate M o d e ls ........................................................608 T.P. Dampahala, H.D.D.D. Premadasa, P. W. W. Ranasinghe, J.N.P. Weerasinghe, and K.A.D.N.K. Wimalawarne

A Performance-Enhancing Fault-Tolerant Routing Algorithm for N etw o rk -o n -C h ip in U n ifo rm T ra f f ic ........................................................................................................................ 614 Arshin Rezazadeh, M ahmood Fathy, and Amin Hassanzadeh A L igh tw eig h t S p ecialized M eta-sch ed u ler for B u siness-O riented A p p lic a tio n s ............................................. 620 Jérémie Chevalier and Stéphane Mouton H igh-Speed S hortest P ath C o -p ro cesso r D e s ig n ........................................................................................................... 626 Mohd Yamani Idna Idris, Suraya Abu Bakar, Emran M ohd Tamil, Zaidi Razak, and Noorzaily M ohamed Noor

TRACK: 14(P) Internet Modelling, Semantic Web, and Ontologies M eta-m odel D esign for Internet M u ltim ed ia N europ hy sio lo gy In te r f a c e ............................................................632 Alexander P. Kamyshanov Travel O ntology for Intelligent R ecom m en dation S y s te m ....................................................................................... 637 Chang Choi, Miyoung Cho, Junho Choi, Myunggwon Hwang, Jongan Park, and Pankoo Kim Supply C hain M odel for P erson alized C ar W eb Services D is c o v e ry .....................................................................643 M. Alade Rahman, H.O.D. Longe, FalakNawaz, andH . Farooq Ahmad

xiii

TRACK: 15(R) Performance Engineering of Computer and Communication Systems P erform ance S im u latio n o f P y ram id al and W edge M icro w av e A b s o r b e r s ......................................................... 649 H.

Nornikman, P.J. Soh, A.A.H. Azremi, and M.S. Anuar

M athem atical A nalysis o f W av elen g th -B ased Q oS M anagem ent in O ptical B urst S w itched N e tw o r k s ..................................................................................................................................................... 655 Ali Rajabi, Aresh Dadlani, AhmadKianrad, AhmadKhonsari, andFarzaneh Varaminian A C ase Study o f N etw o rk s S im u latio n T ools fo r W ireless N e tw o rk s .................................................................... 661 S. Mehta, Niamat Ullah, Md. Humaun Kabir, Mst. Najnin Sultana, and Kyung Sup Kwak D esign fo r Security O p eratin g S y s te m .............................................................................................................................667 Wenzheng Zhu and Changhoon Lee A S im plified C o upling P o w er M odel o f Single M ode F iber Fusion at C oupling L e n g th .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 671 Saktioto, Jalil Ali, and Mohammed Fadhali P erform ance E valu atio n o f V ideo T ran sm issio n O ver U ltraw id eb an d W P A N ..................................................676 Norazizah Mohd Aripin, Nor sheila Fisal, and Rozeha A. Rashid CSI F eedback M odel in the C o ntex t o f A daptive C ognitive R adio S y s te m s .......................................................681 Haleh Hosseini, Anis Izzati Ahm ad Zamani, Sharifah Kamilah Syed Yusof, and Norsheila bt. Fisal

Design and Application of a Novel Dielectric Loaded Helical Antenna to W L A N P ro d u c ts ..................................................................................................................................................................687 A.A.M. Ezanuddin, P.J. Soh, A.A.H. Azremi, and M.S. Anuar EM P-D SR : A n E n hanced M ulti-p ath D ynam ic Source R outing A lgorithm for M A N E T s B ased on A n t C olon y O p tim iz a tio n .......................................................................................................692 Ehsan Khosrowshahi Asl, Morteza Damanafshan, Maghsoud Abbaspour, Majid Noorhosseini, and Kamran Shekoufandeh A R M T and P C A -B ased M eth o d o f M on ito ring the L arge-S cale T raffic P a tte rn .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 698 Jia Liu, Depeng Jin, Jian Yuan, Wenzhu Zhang, Li Su, and Lieguang Zeng A N ovel T ransm ission N etw o rk D esign M ethod for B eyond 3G N e tw o rk s ....................................................... 704 Zoltdn Faigl, Tamas Radvanszki, and Tamas Orvos Im plem entation o f C olou red Stochastic A ctivity N etw orks w ithin the PD E T ool F ra m e w o rk ...................................................................................................................................................... 710 Amir Jalaly Bidgoly, Ali Khalili, and Mohammad Abdollahi Azgomi

TRACK: 16(S) Circuits, Sensors, and Devices N ew H a n d o ff Initiatio n A lg orith m fo r C ellu lar M obile C o m m u n ic a tio n ............................................................. 716 G.S. Tomar D esign o f M icrostrip P atch A nten nas U sing N eural N e tw o rk .................................................................................. 720 Vivek Singh Kushwah and Geetam Singh Tomar

xiv

M odeling and S im u latio n o f M u ltip le-In p u t C o n v erter System w ith E qually D raw n Source P o w e r ............................................................................................................................................................ 725 Brian Butterfield, Makbul Anwari, and M ohammad Taufik

Physics-Based Modelling o f Ballistic Transport in Nanoscale Transistor......................................................729 Ismail Saad, Razak M.A Lee, Razali Ismail, and VijayK. Arora P hysics-B ased S im u latio n o f C a rrie r V elo city in 2 -D im ensional P-T ype

M O SFET................................................................................................................................................................. .. Munawar Agus Riyadi, M ohammad Taghi Ahmadi, Jatmiko E. Suseno, Kang Eng Siew, Ismail Saad, Razali Ismail, and Vijay K. Arora Invited Paper: M o d elin g o f N a n o scale M O S F E T U sing M A T L A B ..................................................................... 739 Vijay K. Arora Study o f E lectro m ag n etic In terferen ce to ECG U sing F arad ay S h ie ld ................................................................. 745 R. Sudirman, N.A. Zakaria, M.N. Jamaluddin, M.R Mohamed, andK.N. Khalid

Design and Simulation of an Improved Soft-Switched Synchronous Buck Converter........................................................................................................................................................................ . \ N.Z. Yahaya, K M . Begam, and M. A wan Study on the P erfo rm an ce o f T ag -T ag C o llisio n A voidance A lgorithm s

in RFID System s...................................................................................................................................................... 7 5 7 Zhi-Ying Yang, Jun-Liang Chen, and Zhi-Jun Mao E xtraction o f SP IC E M o d el for D o u b le G ate V ertical M O S F E T ............................................................................ 761 Jatmiko E. Suseno, M uhammad Taghi Ahmad, Munawar A. Riyadi, and Razali Ismail

TRACK: 17(T) Supply Chain Simulation A D ecision M aking M eth o d o lo g y fo r V en d o r S election P roblem B ased

on D EA , F D E A and C C D E A M o d e ls.................................................................................................................. 767 Seyed Mostafa Alem, Ali Azadeh, Salman Nazari Shirkouhi, andK am ran Rezaie A Status A u th en ticatio n M ech an ism in G rid E n v iro n m e n t........................................................................................ 771 Li Ma and Yongmei Zhang

Author Index.......................................................................................................................... .

XV

Author Index A bbaspour, M ag h so u d ....................................... 692

A riffin, S .S ......................................................... 292

A bdoulha, M ansour A li...................................413

A ripin, N orazizah M o h d ....................................676

A bdullah, N or A n iza........................................ 348

A rm strong, M atth ew ........................................ 514

A bdullah, R osni..........................................258, 315

A rora, V ijay K ................................ 739, 735, 729

A braham , A jith.................................................. 136

A runjith, G irish ................................................. 345

A bu-H ashem , M uhannad A ............................. 282

A sadi, M ................................................................. 287

A garw al, A ru n ........................................... 320, 309

A sgarian, E h san ........................................... 152, 131

A hm ad, A .H ....................................................... 470

Asl, Ehsan K hosrow shahi................................. 692

A hm ad, H. F arooq............................................ 643

A spar, Z u lfak ar.....................................................572

A hm ad, M .A ................................................431, 97

A w an, M ................................................................. 751

A hm ad, M uham m ad T aghi............................... 761

A yat, M asarat........................................... 381, 369

A hm ad, S ............................................................. 242

A zadeh, A li............................................................767

A hm ad, Salm iah................................................ 454

A zgom i, M oham m ad A bdollahi......................710

A hm adi, H am ed....................................................152

A ziz, M oham ad Firdaus A b .......................... 125

A hm adi, M oham m ad T ag h i.......................... 735

A zm ir, M .A ........................................................ 470

A inon, R aja N .....................................................336

A zrem i, A .A .H ......................................... 649, 687

A inon, R aja N o o r..................................... 332, 146

Babulak, E duard........................................................3

A kram i, A m ir.....................................................386

B aham ish, H esham A w adh A ....................... 258

Alaee, M oham m ad........................................... 304

Baharum , Z iraw an i..............................................419

A l-D abass, D avid................................................. 79

Bakar, Suraya A b u ........................................... 626

Alei, L iang...........................................................602

B alasubram aniam , D ........................................341

Alem , S.M ...........................................................460

B anki, M oham m ad T a g i.................................... 386

Alem , Seyed M ostafa...................................... 767

Bastanfard, A zam ...................................................67

A li, Jalil............................................................... 671

Basuki, A ch m ad ...................................... 224, 176

A lias, A .B .S ........................................................ 470

B egam , K .M ....................................................... 751

A lias, Rose A linda...............................................375

Belaton, B ahari..................................................... 555

Alw ee, R azana....................................................125

B en-A bdallah, H anene..........................................61

Am iri, R eza........................................................ 304

Bhat, Jayesh S udhir.............................................442

A ndrade, Eliana V alenzuela.......................... 578

B hattacharya, A rijit................................... 392, 79

A ndreas, A renst................................................. 485

B idgoly, A m ir Jalaly........................................710

A nuar, M .S ................................................. 649, 687

Bocca, E nrico.....................................................425

A nw ari, M akbul.............................. 725, 497, 503

B runm ayr, P eter....................................................194

A rai, K ohei................................................. 224, 176

Brust, M atthias R ................................................. 212

777

Author Index B ruzzone, A go stin o ..................................................5

Firoozm and, M o h sen ........................................304

B ruzzone, A gostino G ............................ 543, 425

Fisal, N .......................................... ..................... 292

Budiarto, R ahm at.................................................200

Fisal, N o rsh eila.......................... .......................676

B utterfield, B rian ................................................. 725

Fisal, N orsheila b t...................... .......................681

Byat, M ................................................................... 398

Forkan, F ad n i.............................. .......................136

Cam inada, A lexandre......................................... 218

G arg, M ohit.................................. ........................85

Chakir, M okhtari..................................................584

G eraghty, Jo h n ............................ .......................392

Chao, C hu.............................................................. 602

G rim es, G ary J ............................ .......................549

Chen, Jun-L iang................................................ 757

Gzara, M ariem ............................ .........................61

Cheng, Y iw ei........................................................ 404

H, Sam eera B haradw aja........... ..................... 442

Chevalier, Jérém ie............................................... 620

H aase, Ja n ..................................... ...................... 194

Cho, M iyoung.......................................................637

H aes, Roel D e .....................................................526

Choi, C hang...........................................................637

H aghighat, A bolfazl T oroghy. ......................... 67

Choi, Junho............................................................637

H aibing, G u a n ............................. ..................... 602

Dadlani, A resh ......................................................655

H ajipour, A li............................... ......................... 67

D am anafshan, M o rteza...................................... 692

H am id, N orhazlan A b d ............ .......................566

D am pahala, T .P ....................................................608

H am undu, F erdinand M urni.......................... 2 0 0

Darus, Intan Z. M a t.......................................... 448

H aron, F azilah ............................. ......................520

Das, M ilan..............................................................533

H aron, H abibollah ........... 566, 188, 35, 57, 419

Deris, M ustafa M at.....................................107, 119

H arsono, T ri................................ ............. 224, 176

Deris, Safaai............................................................ 29

H arun, W .S .W ............................. ..................... 470

Desm et, B ram ....................................................... 526

H asanzadeh, S hirin.................... .........................73

Devi, M. U m a....................................................... 320

H ashim , Siti Z aiton M o h d ....... .........................25

Dhar, Joydip........................................................... 85

H assanzadeh, A m in ................... ...................... 614

Dib, M oham m ad.................................................. 218

H atem , Jo n a s............................... ..................... 526

Din, J .................................................................... 264

H eraw an, T u tu t........................... ............. 107, 119

D rozdova, M artina.............................................. 206

H eydarzadeh, Y asam an .....................................67

Elkam el, A kil...........................................................61

H oloska, Jiri................................ ........................... 7

Ezanuddin, A .A .M .............................................. 687

H osseini, H aleh .......................... ..................... 681

Fadhali, M oham m ed ........................................... 671

H undi, D ivya K am ath .............. .......................442

Faigl, Z o ltán.......................................................... 704

H ussain, Z .................................... .......................242

Fang, Shengkai.....................................................404

H ussain, Z ak aria..................

Fathy, M ahm ood............................................... 614

H w ang, Ju n seo k ......................... .......................158

778

454

Author Index H w ang, M y unggw on........................................637

K halid, N oor K h afifah....................................... 246

Ibrahim , B.S K SM K ad er............................... 242

K halidji, M o d jtab a.............................................. 230

Ibrahim , R osziati...............................................326

K halil-H ani, M o h am ed ...................................... 572

Ibrahim , Siti N urkhadijah A ish a h .................... 91

K halili, A li............................................................. 710

Ibrahim , S ulaim i...................................... 381, 369

K haloozadeh, H am id .......................................... 230

Ibrahim , Z uw airie.................................... 246, 252

K ham is, A ziah ...................................................... 514

Idris, M ohd Y am ani Id n a ............................... 626

K heibar, N av id ................................................... 142

Idrus, R osnah........................................................ 407

K heira, G hezal......................................................584

Indraw anto............................................................. 475

K honsari, A h m ad ................................................. 655

Inggrid, M aria....................................................... 485

K ianrad, A hm ad................................................... 655

Ishak, H ............................................................... 431

K im , P ankoo..........................................................637

Ism ail, R.M .T. R aja............................................... 97

K opriva, Ja n .......................................................... 206

Ism ail, R azali.................................... 735, 729, 761

K raus, M ichal...................................................... 182

Ito, T eruaki............................................................ 537

K ubair, Sum anth R ..............................................442

Jadaan, O m ar A1................................................. 113

K u-M aham ud, K u R uhana.................................. 45

Jahed-M otlagh, M oham m ad R e z a ..................230

K unovskÿ, Jiri.......................................... 182, 206

Jailani, R .................................................................242

K um iaw an, Tri B asuki.......................................246

Jam aluddin, M .N ..................................................745

K ushw ah, V ivek S ingh...................................... 720

Jam bak, M uham m ad Ik h w an ........................ 566

K w ak, K yung S up............................................... 661

Jam oussi, Salm a...................................................... 61

L ahsasna, A d el................................................... 146

Jerbi, H oussem .................................................. 465

Latiff, L .A ..............................................................292

Jin, D epeng............................................................ 698

Lee, C hanghoon................................................... 667

Juliaw ati, A ............................................................470

Lee, R azak M .A ................................................... 729

Jusoh, S haidah...................................................... 560

Lee, W ong P o h ....................................................... 40

K abir, M d. H um aun.............................................661

Lem an, Z ................................................................470

Kadir, M oham ed R afiq A b d u l......................... 270

Liao, Im an Y i...................................................... 555

Kaluza, V lastim il..................................................182

Ling, L in.................................................................602

K am ath, G outham ............................................ 442

Liu, Jia .................................................................... 698

K am yshanov, A lexander P ............................... 632

Liu, Ju n ..................................................................... 19

K atuk, N o rliza.........................................................45

L onge, H .O .D ....................................................... 643

K eshavarzi, A m in .........................................73, 51

L otfifar, F o ad ........................................................596

K halid, K .N ........................................................... 745

M .P., P aulraj......................................................... 363

K halid, M arzuki................................ 236, 246, 252

M .Y ., Shahrul A zm i........................................... 363

779

Author Index S

M a, L i................................................................... 771

N eto, Joäo V iana da F onseca........................ 298

M abed, H akim ....................................................218

N gadim an, M ohd. S alihin..............................419

M ailah, M u sa.........................................................448

N itin, N itin ............................................................. 590

M anouchehrabadi, B ........................................481

N oor, H elm i A dly M o h d ................................ 326

M ansour, A li.......................................................... 465

N oor, M egat N orulazm i M egat M oham ed. 560

M ao, X iaolong ...................................................... 404

N oor, N oorzaily M o h am ed ............................... 626

M ao, Z hi-Jun......................................................757

N oorhosseini, M a jid ............................................692

M assei, M arina.................................................. 543

N om ikm an, H ....................................................... 649

M ehrbakhsh, A rm an ............................... 152,

142

Oi, A kihiro.............................................................497

M ehta, S .................................................................. 661

O kfalisa............................................................... 375

M enhaj, M .B ..........................................................287

O no, O sam u....................................................236, 1

M erkuryev, Y u ri........................................... 526, 5

O platkova, Z u zan a................................................... 7

M erkuryeva, G alin a.............................................526

O rvos, T am äs........................................................ 704

M ishra, P rabhakar............................................ 442

O sm an, K ah ar....................................................... 270

M oeinzadeh, H o ssein ............................. 131, 142

O sm an, M ohd A zam ............................................. 40

M oham ed, M .R ..................................................... 745

O thm an, Zaini A rifah ......................................... 348

M oham m ad, A tif F arid ..............................164, 170

Pal, Supriya N ....................................................... 345

M oham m adi, M ehdi.......................................... 142

Pam ungkas, R ela P u teri......................................102

M oham m ed, R ebbah........................................ 584

Pandey, K u ld eep .................................................. 549

M okayed, H am am ............................................ 236

Pantelous, A thanasios A ....................................436

M outon, Stéphane................................................ 620

Param esw aran, N an d an ...................................... 13

M ozayani, N asser............................................... 142

Park, Jo n g an .......................................................... 637

M uham ad, K .F ......................................................470

Pazhoum and-dar, H ossein................................. 142

M ulC handani, Jitesh ............................................533

Perm ana, K um iaw an E k a .................................... 25

M ulyadi, Indra H ..................................................276

Peyravi, F arzad ........................................................51

N .A ., L ili............................................................. 353

Pindryc, M ila n ......................................................206

N agar, A tulya K ................................................ 359

Poggi, Sim onluca.................................................425

N agem , N ilton F reixo.........................................298

Pooshfam , H am id reza...................................... 315

N aim a, Souane......................................................584

Pratom osiw i, F ......................................................508

N arayanan, N .K .................................................... 345

Prem adasa, H .D .D .D .......................................... 608

N asir, A .N .K ..........................................................431

Putra, E .H ...............................................................264

N aw az, F alak.........................................................643

R advänszki, T am äs............................................. 704

N edum aran, D .................................................... 341

R ahm an, M. A lad e.............................................. 643

780

Author Index R ahm ani, H ussein..............................................304

Santoso, A nin d ito ............................................. 475

Rajabi, A li........................................................... 655

Sarm ady, S iam ak...............................................520

R ajam ani, L akshm i........................................... 113

Sarm in, N o r H aniza.......................................... 252

R am li, M .S .................................................. 431, 97

Sâtek, V aclav......................................................182

R anasinghe, P .W .W .......................................... 608

Satria, H ............................................................... 264

Rao, C. R aghavendra................................ 320, 309

Satria, M uham m ad H ...................................... 276

Rao, C .R .............................................................. 113

Schaefer, E m ili.................................................. 503

Rashid, N u r’A ini A b d u l..................................282

Schupfer, F lorian............................................... 194

Rashid, R ozeha A ............................................. 676

Schw ebel, D avid C ........................................... 549

Ray, Pradeep K ....................................................... 13

Sebt, M oham m ad H asan .................................... 386

Razak, Z aidi.................................................626, 348

Seidi, M ojtaba.................................................... 131

Rezaee, A bdolazim ..............................................131

Selam at, A li.............................................................. 91

R ezaie, K .......................................... 4 8 1 ,4 6 0 , 398

Selam at, M ohd H afiz............................................. 91

R ezaie, K am ran................................................. 767

Seng, W oo C h aw ...............................................332

R ezazadeh, A rshin ............................................ 614

Senkerik, R om an.......................................................7

R ibeiro, Carlos H .C .......................................... 212

Shahaw ai, Siti S hafrah....................................407

Riyadi, M unaw ar A .......................................... 761

Shahhoseini, H adi S hahriar........................... 596

Riyadi, M unaw ar A g u s......................................735

Shahhosseini, V ah id .........................................386

Robinson, T ........................................................ 359

Sham suddin, Siti M ariy am ................... 136, 102

Rodiguez-M artinez, M an u el............................ 578

Sham suddin, Siti M ariyam H j.......................125

S, A nudhan..........................................................442

Shankar, H .N ...................................................... 442

S.K., B adreddin G iu m a...................................270

Sharif, S afian............................................... 188, 35

Saad, Ism ail............................................... 735, 729

Sharifi, M oham m ad................................ 381, 369

Saaid, M uham m ad F aiz M o h am ed ................252

Sharm a, N itin .........................................................533

Sabah, R eem ....................................................... 336

Shbier, M o h am ad ................................................... 45

Sabudin, M aziani...................................................40

Shekoufandeh, K am ran...................................692

Safri, N orlaili M ................................................ 276

Shirkouhi, S. N azari...................... 481, 460, 398

Sahibudin, Sham sul................................. 381, 369

Shirkouhi, Salm an N a z a ri................................. 767

Saktioto...................................................................671

Siew , K ang E n g .................................................... 735

Salam , Rosalina A b d u l.................................... 258

Silva, A ntonio José d a ........................................ 298

Salim , N aom ie....................................................375

Singh, Sanatya.......................................................533

Sandhya, B ............................................................ 309

Siraj, Fadzilah........................................... 413, 363

Santhalia, G .K ....................................................533

Siregar, L elyzar................................................. 200

781

Author Index Soh, P .J....................................................... 649, 687

W ah, Teh Y in g .................................... ............. 146

Sreekanth, N .S ............................ .......................345

W ang, H aozhi...................................... ..............404

Su, L i............................................. ..................... 698

W ang, Z h i-jie...................................... .................19

Subram anian, K .G ..................... ...................... 359

W ankar, R a je ev ................................... ............. 309

Sudirm an, R ................................ .......................745

W eerasinghe, J.N .P ............................ ............. 608

Suharto, Ig n ................................. ..................... 485

W ijaya, Paulus K a rta ......................... ..............491

Sukim in, Z u rain i........................ ................566, 57

W im alaw am e, K .A .D .N .K .............. ............. 608

Sulaim an, M arizan..................... .......................514

W ispelaere, A n D e ............................. ............. 526

Sulaim an, S arina........................ .......................136

Y aacob, S azali..................................... ............. 363

Sulaim an, S hahida..................... ...................... 136

Y ahaya, N .Z ......................................... ............. 751

Sultana, M st. N a jn in .................. .......................661

Y ang, Z h i-Y in g ................................... ............. 757

Supriyanto, E ..................................................... 264

Y avari, E ................................................ .............. 287

Supriyanto, E k o .......................... ...................... 276

Y oung, P au l.......................................... ............. 392

Susanto, S ani............................... ........................79

Y uan, Jia n ............................................. ............ 698

Suseno, Jatm iko E ...................... ............ 7 3 5 ,7 6 1

Y usof, R u b iy ah .................................................. 236

S uw am o ....................................... .......................508

Y usof, Sharifah K am ilah S yed ....... ............. 681

Syam suddin, Irfan ...................... ..................... 158

Y usof, U m i K also m ........................... .................29

Taei, A li.................................... ..................... 230

Y usoff, M ohd. Y akub Z ulkifli B in M ohd.

T alaei-K hoei, A m ir................... ...................... 13

........... 348

Talib, A bdullah Z aw aw i Hj. ........................520

Zain, A zlan M o h d ............................ .......188,35

Tam il, E m ran M o h d .................. ....................626

Zakaria, N .A ...................................... ............ 745

Tarone, F ederico...................... .......................543

Zakaria, N orharyani........................... .................45

Taufik, M oham m ad ................... ... 7 2 5 ,4 9 7 ,5 0 3

Z am ani, A nis Izzati A h m a d ............. .............. 681

Tavakolpour, A li R e z a ............. ..................... 448

Zanjani, M o h am m ad ......................... ............. 131

Tingtao, Sun................................ ..................... 602

Zare, M oham m ad R eza................... ............ 332

Tokhi, M .O ................................ ............. 4 5 4 ,2 4 2

Z eiaee, M o h am m ad ......................... ............ 230

Tom ar, G .S ................................ .................... 716

Z elinka, Iv an ..................................... ................. 7

Tom ar, G eetam S ingh............. ..................... 720

Zeng, L ieg u an g ................................. ............. 698

Trem ori, A lberto ...................... .......................543

Z hang, W enzhu................................... ............. 698

Tsoulkas, V asilis........................ ...................... 436

Z hang, X ian g -fen g .............................. .................19

U llah, N iam at.............................. .................... 661

Zhang, Y ingnan................................ ............ 404

V aram inian, F arzan eh ............. ...................... 655

Z hang, Y o n g m ei............................... ............ 771

V erm a, R u ch i.............................. ..................... 590

Z heng, P an ......................................... ..............555

782

Author Index Zhu, W enzheng ................................................. 667

783

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784

2009 T hird A sia International Conference on M odelling & Sim ulation

Optimised Cell Formation Algorithm Considering Sequence of Operations, Alternative Routing and Part-Volume

Sani S usanto1, David A l-D abass 2 and A rijit B hattacharya 3

'Department o f Industrial Engineering, Faculty o f Industrial Technology, Parahyangan Catholic University, Jl. Ciumbuleuit 94, Bandung-40141, Indonesia. 2School o f Computing & Informatics, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK. Enterprise Process Research Centre (EPRC), School o f Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland. 1{sirh(a),bds.centrin.net, id ssusanto(d),home.unoar.ac.id}. 2david.al-dabass(d),ntu.ac.uk. Jarijit. bhattachan’a2005C(i>,smail.com

Abstract

similar in geometry or sequence of process [2], CM has been proven to lower work in process levels, reducing production lead-time while retaining flexibility for new products [2]. The design phase of the CM system is classified as follows [3]: (a) selection of parts and part families generation, (b) selection of machines and process and grouping of these into cells, (c) selection o f tools, fixtures and pallets, (d) selection of material handling equipment and (e) plant layout. This paper focuses on stages (a) & (b) in the design of a new manufacturing system considering sequence of operation, alternative routing and part-volume. One of the crucial steps in the design o f a cellular manufacturing system is the cell formation problem, which involves grouping the parts into part families and machines into machine groups. This step allows manufacture of the parts with similar processing requirements within the same cell [4], The organisation o f the paper is as follows: Section 2 deals with a brief literature review. Section 3 outlines optimised cell formation algorithm. A numerical illustration has been presented in Section 4. Finally, the paper is concluded with a discussion on the algorithm and its application in Section 5.

A novel cell formation algorithm has been introduced in this paper. The motivation o f the research is the lack o f attention in important information, e.g., production demand (or part-volume), in the most o f the cell formation techniques. For example, one o f the crucial steps in the design o f a cellular manufacturing system is the cell formation problem, which involves grouping the parts into part families and machines into machine groups. It has been fou n d that 80% o f the cell formation problems consider only 0-1 (binary) machine-part incidence matrix that ignores the sequence o f operations in manufacturing parts. Further, literature reveals that only a fe w studies consider alternative routing. In order to cope with this situation a new cell formation algorithm, considering the factors sequence o f operation, alternative routing and part-volume, is introduced.

1. Introduction Cellular Manufacturing (CM) involves grouping of machines, processes and man power into cells according to the philosophy o f Group Technology (GT). For the last three decades, Cellular Manufacturing (CM) has received huge interests among practitioners and academicians [1]. In CM different parts are produced intermittently in small lot sizes. Thus, it is considered as an alternative to conventional batch-type manufacturing [2], CM is considered as a tool to improve the productivity of manufacturing systems. CM is the grouping of discrete multi-machines that produce part families that are

978-0-7695-3648-4/09 $25.00 © 2009 IEEE DOI 10.1109/AMS.2009.145

2. Background Numerous algorithms have been proposed till date to the cell formation problem. Cheng et al. [5] view the cell formation problem as a travelling salesman problem (TSP). The solution to their TSP is based on genetic algorithms. Their model consider only 0-1

79

cb computer society

(binary) machine-part incidence matrix that ignores the sequence of operations in manufacturing parts. A genetic algorithm based cell design considering alternative routing has been proposed by Lee et al. [6]. It has been claimed in their work that it takes into account the relevant production data such as production volume, alternate routings and process sequences. The algorithm selects the ‘best’ alternative routing in terms of cell formation for each part before attempting to cluster the machines and the parts. Finally their proposed model considers genetic algorithm for solving the minimisation problem. It is argued that the ‘best match’ between part-families and machine groups is not present in Lee et al.’s [6] proposed model. Vitanov et al. [7] report “HEuristic Rules-Based logic ALgorithm” (HERBAL) as a decision support tool (i.e., a cell formation algorithm) to facilitate the design of cellular manufacturing layouts. HERBAL employs a set of heuristic rules based on sorting the machine-component incidence (MCI) matrix to obtain a quasi-optimal solution for cell formation problems. The solution has been made from component routing information and production data, such as operation times, set-up times and demand volumes. Again, as that of other cases, Vitanov et al. [7] do not consider sequence o f operation, alternative routing and part­ volume criteria in their tool. Beaulieu et al. [8] propose a heuristic method that provides a solution to the cell formation and machine selection design stage. The heuristic method takes into account criteria like the machines and material handling costs, machine utilisation and the alternative routings of each operation. The method is divided into two resolution phases - (i) formation of independent cells and (ii) introduction of inter-cell movements. This method does not consider the important production criteria. Kaebemick and Bazargan-Lari [9] present an approach to address both intra and inter-cell designs. Further, Mahdavi et al. [10] present a mathematical model to obtain optimal performance of cells. In order to achieve higher performance o f cell utilisation the objective of the model has been focused on minimisation o f the exceptional elements (EE) and number of voids in cells during cell formation. Both the approaches do not consider important production criteria. The models do not locate ‘best match’ between part-families and machine groups using Hungarian (assignment) algorithm. Further, both the approaches do not employ the c-means clustering algorithm to form part families and machine groups. It has been reported in the literature that 80% of the cell formation problems consider only 0-1 (binary) machine-part incidence matrix. The adoption of binary

incidence matrix ignores the sequence o f operations in manufacturing parts [1], Literature [11] reveals that in most cell formation studies it is assumed that each part has only one fixed routing while in most of the manufacturing firms the parts usually have alternative routes. Only a few studies have considered alternative process plans (or alternative routing) [1], In addition, most o f the cell formation techniques totally or partially neglect important information such as production demand (or part-volume) [1], Literature reveal that there is a need to integrate the three factors, i.e., sequence of operations, alternative routing and part-volume, so as to form the cell formation decision-making considering the said three factors at a time. The devised algorithm allows in forming part families and machine groups separately, each by A'-means clustering algorithm. Additionally, the term “part families” indicates ‘part’ and thus, the possible alternative routings to manufacture the ‘parts’ is achieved. The devised algorithm further allows in forming manufacturing cells by assigning machine groups to part families by the Hungarian (assignment) method. A Linear Programming (LP) model determines and optimises the part-volume to be manufactured in each manufacturing cells. The LP model minimises the inter-cell travels. Inter-cell travel is the sequence of operations factor. Therefore, the devised algorithm considers all the three factors, i.e., sequence of operations, alternative routing and part­ volume, required for the CM process.

3. Optimised cell formation algorithm The proposed optimised cell formation algorithm consists of five major steps as indicated in Figure 1. As a first step, the machine-part-routing matrix (M ; , P ., R a.(j)) is determined. The matrix is for a particular situation and the number o f manufacturing cells (i.e., the number o f part-families and machine groups) to be formed (i.e., c). In the 2nd step, the sequence of operations is ignored initially. The c part families and the c machine groups are formed. Such formation is carried out utilising the c-means clustering algorithm. Next step allows formation of the c manufacturing cells by finding the ‘best match’ between part-families and machine groups. The ‘best match’ is the manufacturing cells with maximum non-zero elements in the machine-part incidence matrix. The ‘best match’ is found by applying the Hungarian (assignment) algorithm. The 4th step of the algorithm calculates .) which

is

the

number

of inter-cell

travels

experienced by part j ( P .) when it is manufactured by

80

its /r-th routing ( R A .(y)). This step of the algorithm considers the sequence o f operations start. The last step of the algorithm relates to optimisation. This step considers the volume of part and part routing start. A detailed description of the symbols used in the algorithm is summarised below: Symbols________________Description_____________ i,j, k Indices for machine, part and part routing ________ respectively______________________________ C Number o f part families, machine groups as ________ well as manufacturing cells_________________ p Machine i and part j respectively

2’ i=l where,

p

• • (2)

are the decision variables and t t , ^ are

the objective function coefficients.

4. Numerical experimentation and results The devised optimised cell formation algorithm is illustrated with the help of a numerical example. Let us consider a machine-part-routing incidence matrix as elucidated in Table 1.

81

The part families were formed based on the similarity of the columns in Table 2, and the results are: Part Family 1 (PF-1) = {Rl(2), R3(2), Rl(3)}

Part Family 2 (PF-2) = {R1(1),R2(1),R2(2),P2(3), R4(3)} Part Family 3 (PF-3) = {R3(3)}

Table 1. The machine-part-routing incidence matrix Part-1

Part-2

**■1(1)

**■2(1)

M,

1

0

M2

0

Part-3

**■2(2)

**-3(2)

**-1(3)

**-2(3)

**-3(3)

**-4(3)

1

0

1

1

0

0

0

1

0

1

0

0

1

0

1

1(2)

m3

2

0

2

0

0

0

2

1

0

m4

0

0

3

2

2

0

0

0

0

M5

3

2

0

0

3

2

3

0

2

m6

0

0

0

0

4

3

0

2

0

m7

0

0

0

3

0

4

4

3

0

M8

4

4

4

0

0

0

0

0

3

m9

0

3

0

4

0

0

5

0

4

0

0

5

0

5

5

0

4

0

M io

D, = 1000

D 2 = 2000

D 3 = 3000

Table 2. The binary version of machine-part-routing incidence matrix in Table 1 P a rt-1

P a rt-2

P a rt-3

R i( i)

**-2(1)

**-1(2)

**-2(2)

**■3(2)

**-1(3)

**-2(3)

M ,

1

0

1

0

1

1

0

0

m

2

0

1

0

1

0

0

1

0

1

m

3

1

0

1

0

0

0

1

1

0

m

4

0

0

1

1

1

0

0

0

0

m

5

1

1

0

0

1

1

1

0

1

m

6

0

0

0

0

1

1

0

1

0

0

0

1

0

1

1

1

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

1

1

0

m

7

0

m

8

1

1

1

0

m

9

0

1

0

1

0

0

1

M

io

0

0

1

0

1

1

0

v, = looo

V2 =

V3 =

2000

Step 3: Step 3 involves Hungarian (assignment) algorithm. As an initial solution Machine Group-c (MG-c) to Part Family-c (PF-c) is assigned so as to form Manufacturing Cell-c (MC-c). This assignment leads to generation of Table 3 which indicates the number of non-zero element in each cell.

**-3(3)

**•4(3) 0

3000

In this step, a software package named QM for Windows Version 2.1 is utilised in order to obtain the final solution to the assignment problem. The final solution to the assignment problem is presented in Table 4.

82

Table 3. Initial solution using the Hungarian method PF-I

PF-2

PF-3

MC-1

10

2

2

MC-2

3

15

0

MC-3

2

4

2

Table 4. The formed manufacturing cells 1 (2 )

R 3 (2 )

R i ) and MC-2 (using routing R2(2)). Further, Table 4 illustrates that the Part-3 is manufactured in three different manufacturing cells, i.e., MC-1 (using routing R,n)), MC-2 (using routing R2(3) and and MC-3 (using routing R3(3)). Step 4: In this step it is required to calculate the number of inter-cell travel occurred when manufacturing certain part using certain routing, i.e., computation of

Values for

are computed in these fashion as

described above. The complete results are as follows: *1(1) =

*2(1) = 0

*1(2) = 4 ’ *2(2)= 3 ’ t 3(2) = 2 1(3) = 4 ’

* 2 (3 ) = 4 ’

* 3 (3 ) = 3 ’

* 4 (3 ) = 0 .

Step 5: The LP model is formed. Equations (3) - (6) are obtained from equations (1) & (2): M in z = 2.V1(1) +0.V2(1) +4.V1(2) +3.V2(2) h ...(3 )

the values for t t ( j ) . This calculation is required to be

2-Yj(2) + 4.V1(3) +4.V2(3) +3.V3(3) +0.V4(3)

fed to the LP model in Step 5. The procedures of calculation are indicated below by way o f examples from Table 4. Let us manufacture Part-2 using routing R 1(2) in MC-1. In order to perform this operation four inter­ cell travels are demanded, viz., M i—>M2, M2—>M3,

subject to

M3->M4 and M4->M 5. This leads to t l(2) = 4.

for all non-negative integer constraint. In addition to the manufacturing cells formed (see Step 3), a solution to the LP model formulated above is as follows:

V 1 (1 )+ v 2 ( 1 ) > 1 0 0 0

...(4 )

^i(2) + V2(2) + V3(2) > 2000

-(5 )

V |< 3 ) + V 2 (3 ) +

Similarly, manufacturing of Part-3 using routing R4(3) in MC-2 do not call for inter-cell travels. This is because all the machines listed in this routing are all members o f MC-2. Therefore, this situation leads to

v 3 (3 ) +

V 4 (3 ) ^

3 0 0 0

- ( 6)

V2{1) = 1 0 0 0 , V3{2) = 2000, V4(3) = 3 0 0 0 , Vv l ( l ) = V1 (2 ) = V 2 ( 2 ) = V1(3) = V 2 (3 ) = V3 (3 ) = 0

t 4 (3 ) = 0

and z= 4 0 0 0 .

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5. Discussion and Conclusions

[3] U. Wemmerlov, and N.L. Hyer, “Research issues in cellular manufacturing”, International Journal o f Production Research, 25(3), 1987, pp. 413 -4 3 2 .

From step 5 of the proposed algorithm it is noticed that the best decision is 4000 inter-cell travels while considering the demand of each part. This is achieved through the production of 1000 units o f Part-1 (Pi) with its second routing, 2000 units of Part-2 (P2) with its third routing and 3000 units o f Part-3 (P3) with its fourth routing. The parts with other routings are not recommended to be manufactured. The numerical experimentation indicates the efficacy of the proposed cell formation algorithm that integrates the three manufacturing criteria, i.e., sequence of operations, alternative routing and part­ volume. The algorithm optimises three aspects: (i) the clustering o f machines to form machine groups, and the clustering of part-routings to form part-routing families (or simply, part families), both through the c-means clustering algorithm, (ii) the formation of manufacturing cells, through the Hungarian (assignment) algorithm and (iii) the total number o f inter-cell travel through the Linear Programming model. The proposed optimised cell formation algorithm opens a new direction of research. Future trends of research may be directed towards framing of fuzzy cmeans clustering algorithm instead of the current hard c-means applied in the step 2 of the algorithm. In fuzzy c-means, each object (machine or part) can have non 0-1 degree o f membership to belong to a certain group (i.e., part family or machine group). Therefore, it is possible to have alternative group in the case when some groups have large number of members and some has too few. Sequence mining can be applied to the proposed algorithm in order to improve the efficiency of the cell formation. The sequence is ignored in the proposed algorithm until its 3rd step. Thus, sequence mining would be of much help so that the sequence can be considered at the beginning.

[4] A.R. Xambre, and P.M. Vilarinho, “A simulated annealing approach for manufacturing cell formation with multiple identical machines”, European Journal o f Operational Research, 151, 2003, pp. 434-446. [5] C.H. Cheng, Y.P. Gupta, W.H. Lee, and K..F. Wong, “A TSP-based heuristic for forming machine groups and part families”, International journal o f Production Research, 1998, 36(5), pp. 1325- 1337. [6] M.K. Lee, H.S. Luong, and K. Abhary, “A genetic algorithm based cell design considering alternative routing”, Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 10(2), 1997, pp. 93-108. [7] V. Vitanov, B. Tjahjono, and I. Marghalany, “A decision support tool to facilitate the design of cellular manufacturing layouts”, Computers & Industrial Engineering, 52, 2007, pp. 3 8 0 ^ 0 3 . [8] A. Beaulieu, A. Gharbi, and Ait-K.adi, “An algorithm for the cell formation and the machine selection problems in the design o f a cellular manufacturing system”, International Journal o f Production Research, 35(7), 1997, pp. 1857-1874. [9] H. Kaebernick, and M. Bazargan-Lari, “An integrated approach to the design o f cellular manufacturing”, Annals o f the CIRP, 45(1), 1996, pp. 421 - 425. [10] 1. Mahdavi, B. Javadi, K. Fallah-Alipour, and J. Slomp, “Designing a new mathematical model for cellular manufacturing system based on cell utilization”, Applied Mathematics and Computation, 190, 2007, pp. 662-670. [11] M.S. Akturk, and A. Turkcan, “Cellular manufacturing system design using a holonistic approach” . International Journal o f Production Research, 38(10), 2000, pp. 2327­ 2347.

6. References [1] C.-H. Chu, Recent advances in mathematical programming for cell formation. In: (Eds. Kamrani, A.K., H.R. Parsaei, and D.H. Liles) Planning, design, and analysis o f cellular manufacturing systems, Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1995, pp. 3­ 46. [2] M. Murugan and V. Selladurai, “Optimization and implementation o f cellular manufacturing system in a pump industry using three cell formation algorithms” , The International Journal o f Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 35(1-2), 2007, pp. 135-149.

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