performance evaluation of hybrid network using eigrp ...

Inderjeet Kaur et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF HYBRID NETWORK USING EIGRP & OSPF FOR DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS INDERJEET KAUR1 Deptt. Of Computer Engineering, Pt. J.R Govt. Polytechnic College Hoshiarpur, Punjab

MANJU SHARMA2 Deptt. Of Information Technology, DAV Institute of Engg. & Technology Jalandhar, Punjab Abstract: Researchers have proposed a number of routing protocols in literature. Each one is based on different characteristics and properties. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of hybrid network using EIGRP, OSPF & BGP routing protocols for different applications in low load campus network. We perform simulations using OPNET IT GURU Academic Edition simulator. In the performance evaluation of the protocol, the protocols are tested under the realistic conditions. Tests are performed against various types of applications (Email, FTP, Remote Login, http & Print Server) in Hybrid Networks. This OPNET simulation shows the impact of IP routing protocol for hybrid networks for different types of applications. KEYWORDS: Hybrid; Email response time; Traffic Sent Traffic Received; EIGRP; OSPF; BGP; Delay; Throughput. 1. INTRODUCTION

Forwarding of The Internet Protocol (IP) packets is the primary purpose of Internet routers [1]. The speed at which forwarding decisions are made at each router or “hop” places is a fundamental limit on the performance of the network. For Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4), the forwarding decision is based on a 32-bit destination address carried out in each packet’s header. The use of Classless Inter Domain Routing (CIDR) complicates the lookup process, requiring a lookup engine to search a route table containing variable-length address prefixes in order to find the longest matching prefix for the destination address in each packet header and retrieve the corresponding forwarding information. In high-performance routers, each port employs a separate LPM search engine. Routing protocols employ one of two basic strategies to communicate/ propagate routing information: • Distance vector routing protocols work by passing copies of their routing tables to their neighbors. • Link State routing protocols work by advertising a list of neighbors and the network attachment state to their neighbors until all routers have a copy of all the lists, routers then run the Shortest Path First Algorithm to analyze all paths and determine the best paths available [2]. Distance vector routing are less processor and memory intensive than link state routing, but can have loops because routing decisions are made on incomplete information. Link state routing is loop-proof because routers know all possible routes, but link state routing requires more CPU time and memory. Link-state and distance vector routing is that link-state uses algorithms derived from the Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm, where distance vector uses distributed Bellman-Ford[3]. EIGRP [4] (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) is often categorized as a hybrid protocol since it advertises its routing table to its neighbors as distance vector protocols do, however it uses the hello protocol and creates neighbor relationships, similarly to link state protocols. EIGRP’s[5] link discovery and recovery is the mechanism that routers use to dynamically learn of other routers on their directly attached networks. Routers must also discover when their neighbors become unreachable or inoperative. There are five components for the interworking of EIGRP protocol: neighbor tables, topology tables, route states, route tagging, and routing tables [6]. OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) is an interior gateway protocol. OSPF [7] is a classless link state protocol. OSPF is standardized and widely deployed in public and private networks. OSPF is link-state protocol. Link-

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Inderjeet Kaur et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

state refers to the idea of that OSPF advertise information about each route instead of sending periodic routing table updates like a distance vector protocol. OSPF is also known as hierarchical routing protocol because of its ability to divide the large areas into small multiple areas. This includes the concept of area routers and edge routers. Area routers routes within the area while edge routers provide the facility for routing between the multiple areas. Each area is associated with an area number (also known as autonomous number system). The backbone area is always having area number 0. The areas are also divided into the backbone area, stub area, totally stub area and not-so-stubby area based upon the organization requirements. Extending OSPF to work will allow new heterogeneous networks to exist, encompassing both wired parts and multi-hop wireless parts in the same routing domain [8]. OSPF uses the SPF (Shortest Path First) algorithm to calculate the cost. SPF works in tree structure to calculate the cost from root. Root is the router from which cost is calculated to other routers. This algorithm is known as the DijKstra’s algorithm [9]. OSPF is an intra-domain routing protocol that uses link weights to make routing decisions and compute the shortest paths [10]. II. OUR APPROACH Among the various simulators available, Optimized Network Engineering Tools (OPNET) IT Guru Academic Edition is a simulator which is comprehensive and technology neutral in its capabilities. OPNET IT Guru [11] enables the network designers to create a virtual network consisting of relevant hardware, protocols, and application software. This virtual network is a pure software entity that can run on an individual workstation. The network devices like routers, switches etc. can be modeled in IT Guru virtual network. This network can be scaled from a small LAN to wide area network. Once a virtual network has been created it can be manipulated according to the need of the application. The network devices can be changed, removed or inserted into the virtual network as desired to find out the most appropriate configuration and also implement the given application. The effects of various manipulations can be quantifiably examined and analyzed. OPNET simulator is built on top of discrete event system (DES) and it simulates the system behavior by modeling each event in the system and processing it through user defined processes. OPNET is very powerful software to simulate heterogeneous network with various protocols. It has several distinct methods of creating topologies. Modeler supports almost all network types and technologies. OPNET runs on top of a C compiler and provides a GUI. OPNET Modeler is based on a series of hierarchical editors that directly parallel the structure of real networks, equipment, and protocols. These editors are Project editor, node editor and process editors. OPNET IT GURU provides the set of complete tools and a complete user interface for topology design and development [12]. III. SCENARIOS AND SETTINGS In this section, we will firstly consider the case of connecting multiple LANs and WLANs through a Router by applying EIGRP and OSPF routing protocols to check the performance of Email Download Response Time, Print File Size, CPU utilization, FTP Server Task Processing Time, WLAN Throughput, WLAN Delay, WLAN Load, and WLAN Media Access Delay. EIGRP and OSPF routing protocols are used for both the scenarios. Here, it has been considered that Hybrid Network with EIGRP and OSPF is the combination of wired and wireless network connected with FTP Server, ATM and Router. Two different scenarios & settings have been considered to optimize the network. Scenario I: Hybrid Network with EIGRP routing protocol Scenario II: Hybrid Network with OSPF routing protocol

Figure 1: SCENARIO I

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Inderjeet Kaur et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

Figure 2: SCENARIO I I

Figure 3: Site 1LAN

Figure 4: Site 2 Mix of FTP & HTTP Clients

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Inderjeet Kaur et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

Figure 5: Site 3 FDDI LAN with Switched Technology TABLE I: APPLICATION DESCRIPTION

Applications Web Browsing Homework Posting

Attribute FTP server, ATM, Remote Login FTP

Load Light Light

TABLE II: SIMULATED PARAMETERS

Application Remote Login

FTP server

ATM EMAIL

WLAN

PRINT

Parameter Traffic Sent Traffic Received Response Time Download Response Time Upload Response Time Traffic Sent Traffic Received Cell Delay Traffic Sent Traffic Received Response Time Load Media Access Delay Throughput Delay

File Size

Unit Bytes/sec Bytes/sec Seconds Seconds Seconds Bytes/sec Bytes/sec Seconds Bytes/sec Bytes/sec Seconds Bits/Second Bits/sec Bits/sec

Bytes/Sec

IV. SIMULATION EVALUATION & RESULT ANALYSIS Ten graphs are selected after simulating our models. All graphs show a combination of the two scenarios. It has been investigated that the average FTP download response time with OSPF is recorded from 2.3m to 29.35m and with EIGRP is 2.8m to 29.35m respectively. FTP upload response is recorded between 1.34m to 29.42m with EIGRP routing protocol. From starting point it increased up to 13.33m & then from this it remains almost constant. FTP upload response is recorded between 1.39m to 29.45m with OSPF routing protocol. We have kept the same settings & scenarios for recording measurements for both FTP download and upload response time. Our investigation reveal that with the help of OSPF at the starting point of downloading, the download response time increased

ISSN : 0975-5462

Vol. 3 No. 5 May 2011

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Inderjeet Kaur et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

but after some time it varies up to 29.35m. Thus, it is evident tht the use of OSPF routing protocol in hybrid networks is recommended for up linking processes. the two scenarios for following parameters: • Average FTP download and upload response time (sec) • ATM global cell delay(sec) • Average FTP Traffic sent(Bytes/Sec) and received(Bytes/Sec)

average(in Ftp.Download Responce Time(sec)) 2 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0

OSPF: Ftp.Download Response Time (sec).none EIGRP: Ftp.Download Response Time (sec).none

1

8 15 22 29 36 43 50 57 64 71 78 85 92 99

Times in Secods Figure 6: Average FTP downloads response time (sec)

Figure 6:

Ftp Uploa Responce Time(sec)

Ftp Uploa Responce Time(sec)

2.5 2

OSPF: Ftp.Upload Response Time (sec).none

1.5

EIGRP: Ftp.Upload Response Time (sec).none

1 0.5 0 1

12 23 34 45 56 67 78 89 100 time in second

Figure 7: Average FTP uploads response time (sec)

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Inderjeet Kaur et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

Ftp Traffic SEnt (packets/sec

Ftp Traffic SEnt (packets/sec) 0.5 OSPF: Ftp.Traffic Sent (packets/sec).n one

0.4 0.3

EIGRP: Ftp.Traffic Sent (packets/sec).n one

0.2 0.1 0 1

16

31

46

61 76

91

Time in second

Figure 8: Average FTP Traffic sent (packet/sec)

average(in Ftp.Traffic received(packets/se)) 0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.1 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0

OSPF: Ftp.Traffic Received (packets/sec). none EIGRP: Ftp.Traffic Received (packets/sec).

1

8 15 22 29 36 43 50 57 64 71 78 85 92 99

Times in Secods Figure 8: Average FTP Traffic received (packet/sec)

It has been noticed that in both the cases the difference of ATM Cell delay is less in scenario where OSPF protocol IS used. In Figure 6.15, ATM cell delay with EIGRP varies from 0.0ms to 29.33ms and with OSPF it varies from 0.0ms to 29.25ms.The cell delay slightly increased & decreased in both scenarios as shown in Figure 6.15. Therefore it is concluded that the results are better with OSPF routing protocol. Further in Figure 6.15 it has been pointed out that there is significant improvement in the ATM Cell delay with OSPF.

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Inderjeet Kaur et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

average (in ATM.Cell Delay(sec)) 0.00009 0.00008 0.00007 0.00006

OSPF: ATM.Cell Delay (sec).none

0.00005 0.00004

EIGRP: ATM.Cell Delay (sec).none

0.00003 0.00002 0.00001 0 1

9

17 25 33 41 49 57 65 73 81 89 97

Figure 10: Average ATM cell Delay(sec)

It has been investigated that the average Email Download Response Time with EIGRP is recorded from 1.47ms to 29.39ms. From starting point it started decreasing up to value 3.9ms in network with EIGRP routing protocol & then remains constant up to value 8.22ms in EIGRP network & then it start increasing up to 10.56m and then remains constant. In the Network with OSPF, the Email Download Response Time is recorded between 1.27ms & 29.34ms respectively & from starting points its increases up to 1.57ms in network & then varies time to time and starts increasing again. The two scenarios for following parameters: • Average email Traffic sent(Bytes/Sec) and received(Bytes/Sec) • Average FTP download response time (sec)

Email Download Responce Time(sec)

Email Download Responce Time(sec) 0.0014 OSPF: Email.Download Response Time (sec).none

0.0012 0.001 0.0008 0.0006

EIGRP: Email.Download Response Time (sec).none

0.0004 0.0002 0 1

12 23 34 45 56 67 78 89 100 Time in second

Figure 11: Average Email Download Response Time(Sec)

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Inderjeet Kaur et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

Email Traffic Sent (Packets/sec)

Email Traffic Sent (Packets/sec) 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0

OSPF: Email.Traffic Sent (packets/sec).none EIGRP: Email.Traffic Sent (packets/sec).none

1

12 23 34 45 56 67 78 89 100 Times in second Figure 12: Average Email Traffic sent (packet/sec)

Emal Traffic Received (Packets/sec)

Emal Traffic Received (Packets/sec) 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0

OSPF: Email.Traffic Received (packets/sec).none EIGRP: Email.Traffic Received (packets/sec).none

1

12 23 34 45 56 67 78 89 100 times in seconds Figure 13: Average Email Traffic Received (packet/sec)

The Print File Size is better in the network where OSPF protocol is used. The Print File Size with EIGRP network is found to be 3536.42 bytes initially and then decreased up to 2980.88 bytes & reduces gradually to a constant value 3006.62 bytes at the final value and with OSPF networks it varies from 2728.47 bytes & then started increasing to 3178.80 bytes. After this value the file size remains almost constant as shown in Figure 6.21.

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Inderjeet Kaur et al. / International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST)

average(in client print.file size(bytes)) 4000

OSPF: Campus network.ENGINEERIN G.Client Print.File Size (bytes)