zika virus (zikv)

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NEONATAL CLINICAL PRESENTATION. • Congenital abnormalities. • Neonatal microcephaly (head size
GENETIC AND MOLECULAR APPROACH OF ZIKA VIRUS (ZIKV): RECENT KNOWLEDGE AND UNCERTAINTIES Kopsida Angela – Raphaella1, Bozidis Petros2, Sakkas Hercules2 1 Faculty

of Biological Applications and Technologies, School of Health Science, University of Ioannina, Working on a graduation thesis at the Anatomy Department of the Faculty of Medicine, UOI, under the supervision of Dr. Ant. Charchanti 2 Faculty of Medicine, Microbiology laboratory, School of Health Science, University of Ioannina

ZIKA VIRUS (ZIKV) • arbovirus, family of Flaviviridae

• Mosquito-borne, mosquitoes Aedes spp. • Isolated strains: • 1st in Uganda in 1947 (MR766)

• 2nd in Malaysia in 1966 (P6-740) • Micronesia 2007 (EU545988) • Cambodia 2010 (JN860885)

• French Polynesia 2013 (KJ77679) • Sao Paolo, Brazil 2015 (KU321639)

WORLDWIDE OUTBREAKS ➢ Africa (1947) ➢ Asia (2007) ➢ French Polynesia (2013)

➢ Brazil (2015) ➢ Sweden (2016) (?) Fig. 1. Map showing the known distribution of Zika virus based on serosurveys, virus detection, and laboratory-diagnosed cases. Blue arrows show recent patterns of spread deduced from phylogenetic. The yellow star shows the location of the Zika forest where the virus was discovered in 1947.

PHYLOGENETIC APPROACH Fig. 2. Phylogenetic tree of the genus Flavivirus showing the position of Zika virus within the group of viruses vectored by Aedes spp. mosquitoes. The tree was based on NS5 nucleotide sequence. Most of phylogenetic trees are based on NS1 or NS5 sequence to show the relationships between Flaviviruses. ZIKV is closer with DNV, but WNV and YFV are more distantly related.

ADULT CLINICAL PRESENTATION • Asymptomatic, mildy symptomatic  Less than 20% showing signs or symptoms of infection • Most common symptoms (last 2-7 days): • “Zika Fever”, low grade (