Introduction to Ecotect v5.6 – Modeling

INT RO D UCT IO N T O E COT E CT V5 .6 - MO D ELI N G Jui nto w Li n As si st ant Prof es sor | Cal Po ly Pomo na De par tme nt of Ar chi te ctur e 3801 W. T emp le A ve | Po mona C A 91 768 | 909 869 67 74 | j ui nto wl in at csu pom ona do t e du Oct ober 2 9, 200 7 Sum m ar y Thoug h m ore ad van ce d a n d a ccur ate pr ogra ms ex is t, E cot ec t i s grea t d ue to it s ea se of use and su peri or grap hi c int erf ace . T h e s of tw are wa s d es ign ed by A ndre w M ar sh, C o- Fou nder and He ad of Re se arc h & D eve lop men t a t Sq uare O ne . Mar sh i s a n ar ch ite ct , a n d de si gne d the so ft ware fo r ar ch ite ct s , no t f or e ng ine ers . Ec ote ct i s a t o ol for ar chi t ect ’s to te st the ir de sig ns . It is no t a v al ida ti on too l t o e xtra ct abs olu te va lue s at end of proj ect . I t sho ul dn’ t b e u s ed t o d eter mi ne the am ou nt o f e nerg y use d, i.e . wat ts per da y, e tc. T he to ol i s b est u sed t o c ompa re sc hem es. Som e mor e a cc ura te progr ams i nc lud e DO E - 2 a nd En erg yP lu s. Ec ote ct us es a si mp ler alg orit hm ca lle d t he adm it tan ce m eth od for it s ther ma l cal cu lat io ns. This i s a n int erna ti ona ll y r egard ed met hod u sed b y e ngi neer s ( CI B S E = Th e Ch arter ed Ins tit ute of Bu ild in g Ser vi c es En gi neer s) and de si gne rs. Oth er p rogr am s u se A S HR A E formu la s. Ho we ver , e ve n t he m ost a cc urat e s of tw are is u sin g t he sa me we ath e r fi le s. We ath er f il es are us ua ll y aver age s over 30 y ear s . E ach mon th repr es ent s t he one tha t b es t matc he s t he av erag e, i. e. May of 20 03, Mar ch of 199 7. The sof tw are sh oul d b e u s ed a t t he ver y beg inn in g o f de si gn , i n p ara lle l wi th o ther 3d mode ls . I t wi ll ne ver be ab le to r epl ac e your ca d dra wi ngs . Th e ide al s cen ari o is to us e t he too l a s you w oul d a s tud y mode l o r s ke tch , a nd per f orm q ui ck an al ys es to the mode l , an d sub seq uen tl y cha nge y our de sig n. Ha rd wa re Re q u i rem en ts A grap hi cs ca rd wi th 224 m b i s g ood fo r t he ope nGL r equ irem ent s. Down load an d in st all E c o tect Pur ch ase an d d ow nl oad th e s oft war e a t http: // ww w. squ1. com /bu ynow . Yo u w il l n eed to firs t ins ta ll a tria l ver si on, and th en in sta ll th e ful l v ersi on. I al so su gge st th at yo u dow nl oad an d i ns tal l ver si on 5 .6 B eta fro m ww w.s ym p h y sis .n et/ sq u 1 /E co tec t_v 560 _r c1. zip . Squa r e On e T u to ria ls Foll ow th e li nk to h ttp :// s q u 1.com /a rch ive /ec otect / tutor ial s/ tuto r ial s.htm . H ere you w il l fin d a num ber of tu tor ial s. P lea se co mp let e t he fo llo wi ng: o Si mp le Ho use – we w il l do th is tut ori al to get her  Be fore do in g t he S imp le H ous e t utor ia l, ch ang e y our un its te mpor ari ly to metr ic, i .e. se le ct S I Un its and mi l lim eter s. The se sh oul d re ver t b ac k n ex t time y ou ope n Ec ote ct . Yo u s hou ld al so ch ang e your gri d s ett in gs to a dif fere nt gri d, su ch as 10 0 0 x 10 00. Ma ke sur e your sna p d is tan ce is s et to 1 000 . o Cl as sroo m – do th is on e o n y our ow n o T herma l P erfor man ce – Int rodu cti on – we w il l d o t hi s tog eth er. Sta rt ing a New P ro je ct Go to the P roj ec t T a b

Introduction to Ecotect v5.6 – Modeling © Juintow Lin 2007

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Load y our we ath er f il e. If you do n’t ha ve th e wea the r fi le, do wn lo ad it fro m t he En erg yP lu s web s ite h ttp :// ww w.e e re. en e rg y .g ov/bui lding s/en e rgyplu s/ cfm /w eath er _dat a.cf m , a nd con vert th e .ep w fi le to a . wea f ile u sin g We ath er To ol ( li cen se d cop y). S ev era l .we a f il es are a vai la ble on S quar e One ’s w ebs it e h ttp :// ww w.sq u 1. co m /d o wnload s/ weat he rdat a . Und er S ite Lo cat io n,  Se t y our la ti tud e a nd lo ngi tude . Yo u c an fi nd th is in f ormat io n b y u si ng Goo gle Eart h.  Se t t he nort h o ff set . Yo u s hou ld al wa ys mod el w ith A rchi te ctur al N orth up .  Se le ct the l oca l terra in

Bas ic Na vig a tio n an d Us er P r efe re nce s Pa nni ng, z oom ing an d orbi tin g - in th e 3 d e dit or t ab : o righ t c li c k t o or bit o hol d d ow n t he mid dl e m ou se but ton to pa n o use th e s cro ll w hee l to zo om i n a nd ou t Zoom ing o Us e t he but ton s in the l ow er ri ght ha n d cor ner to zo om t o gr id , z oom e xte nts , etc . Grid o Che ck y our gri d s ett in gs b y g oin g t o t he mod el se tt in gs too lbar . Se le ct an appro pri ate gr id si ze , f or exam pl e, 4’ x 4’ . Use r P r efe ren ce s Go to Us er Pre fer enc es by cl ic ki ng on Fi le | U ser Pr efere nc es, or S hi ft+ Ctr l+ P . c li ck on the lo ca li zat ion t ab. Go to the C urs or Sn ap tab . Sel ec t Al ig n, Ort hogr aph i c, Gri d, P oin ts , M id - Po in ts , an d Inter se ct ion s. T he se ca n a lso be c han ged by c li ck in g on the l ow er l ef t h and cor ner o f your s cree n. Y ou ca n a ls o us e t he fol lo w i ng sh ort cut s – A , C, G, I, L, M, O, an d P t o togg le th e s nap s on and of f. Se t t he S nap D is tan ce t o 1 ’ a nd Sn ap A ng le to 15 ° (T he defa ul t u nit of me as ure is feet , a nd not i nch es , so if you ty pe 1, the n t he pro gr am ass ume s thi s to be 1’) Und er M ode li ng se tt i ng s, cha nge th e s el ect io n h ig hl igh t t o Fa t L in e. Yo u can a lso c han ge your se le ct ion h igh li ght to a d if fere nt co lor, bu t if yo u do th is , d on ’t se le ct ye ll ow or r ed. Yo u c an ch ang e your ba ck groun d col or on thi s scr ee n. Und er Gen era l, se lec t Cu s tom, an d i n the rig ht bo x, sel ec t t he fol lo wi ng un it s of m eas ure (som e h ave be en le ft out) : Dim en sio ns – fee t Sur fa ce area - squ are fee t Vo lum e – C ub ic F ee t Mas s/ We igh t – Pou nds T emper atu re – F a hren he it Po wer /W ork – W att s En erg y/ Hea t – W att H our s Ill umi na nce – Lu x T herma l Re si st anc e – U S R- Va lue T herma l Co ndu ct anc e – U S U- Va lue T herma l Co ndu ct iv it y – W att s/Me ter K el vi n Den si ty – Po un ds/ Cu bi c F oot Ve lo cit y – M eter s per S ec ond F lo w Rat e – C ubi c F eet / S eco nd Hea t Gai ns – Wa tt s/M eter Sq uare d En erg y/ Are a – W att H our s /Met er Sq uare d An gle s – Degr ee s ( °) Make s ure tha t M ode l Di m ens ion s are se t a t Fe et an d In ch es, an d Curr enc y sy mbol i s set to $

Introduction to Ecotect v5.6 – Modeling © Juintow Lin 2007

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Vi sual isat io n S ettin g s T ry cha ngi ng the ba c kgro u nd t o wh ite T ry cha ngi ng the O pen GL Se tti ng s t o Pe nc il or F uz z y Sk etc h. Try in cre as ing a nd decr eas in g t he sk et chi ne s s. Shad ow S ettin g s T ry d is pl ay ing sh ad ow s [F 10]. C han ge the da te and time , a nd se e h ow th e sha dow s cha nge . T ry d is pl ay ing th e Da il y S un Pa th and Ann ual Sun P ath by to ggl in g t he bo xes at t he top of S had ow Set tin gs . A gai n, t ry ch ang in g t he dat e an d t ime , and se e h ow t he sun pos it ion ch ang es . An oth er h and y fun ct ion i s the V ie w f rom S un P os it io n bu tto n. T hi s is us efu l wh en tryi ng to de si gn a s had in g dev ic e o pti mi zed fo r a cer t ain da te/ tim e. from th is v i ew, i f you ca n’ t s ee the w in do w t hroug h t he sh ad ing de vi ce , th en no so lar rad iat io n w il l pene trat e t ha t w in do w a t t hat tim e/d at e. Zones Z one s ar e sim il ar t o la yer s i n o ther pr ogra ms su ch as Au to C AD or pho to sho p. Ho we ver, th ey di ffer i n t ha t th ey sh ou ld r epre se nt th erma l z one s. Wh en to crea te zo ne s, an d w hen s hou ld the y be the rmal ? o Sh adi ng de vi ce s s hou ld b e on th e o ut sid e o r t hei r o wn non- the rma l zon e. T hey w on’ t b e ac cou nte d f or i n t he ther ma l a nal ys is but w il l b e c on sid ere d whe n a na ly zin g sol ar r ad i ati on. o Ba sem ent an d a tt ic s sho ul d be th eir o wn ther ma l z on e. o Yo u s hou ld cr eat e a zo ne for e ac h ro om in yo ur b ui l din g. Ho we ver, i t is pos si ble to c omb ine mu lt ip le r oom s in to one z one . I t is a lso po ss ib le to div id e o ne r oom in to mu lti ple zo ne s. F or e xa mpl e, w hen tw o b edro om s ar e dir e ct ly ad ja cen t t o e ach o ther, th es e cou ld be mod el ed a s one zo ne, an d t he wa ll bet we en the m a s a p a rtit ion . o If clo se d, sta ir s c an be mo del ed as the ir ow n t herm al zo ne – v ert ic al cir cul at ion . o Pa tio s are not c ond it ion ed and s hou ld not be th erm a l. Par ti tio n s are u sed to se p arate s pac es w it hin on e t h erma l z one . Par ti tio n e le m ent onl y a cc oun t f or ther mal m ass , a nd wo n’ t a dd to so la r rad iat io n. T he zon e m ana gem ent ta b (on rig ht) i s s im il ar t o l ay er ma nag er in oth er p rogr ams. o Yo u c an sh ow /h ide zo ne s (lig ht bu l b). Whe n h idd en , item s are not d isp la ye d, but are st il l part of th e cal cul at ion s. o Yo u c an al so tur n z one s o n an d o ff ( su ns hin e), th ey are n o lon ger in th e cal cu lat io ns wh en of f Yo u c an al so cre ate gr oup s. F or e xa mpl e, yo u c an cr eate a grou p for eac h f lo o r. Th en all oc ate th e z one s in to the appr opr iat e g rou p. Modeli ng It is po ss ibl e t o imp ort mo del s f or d ay li ght in g a nd sh adi ng ana ly si s stu di es. F or t herm al st udi es , you s hou ld m od el dir ect l y i n Ec ote ct. Ev ery z one ne eds to b e c l ose d. If you i mag ine th at i t w as fi ll ed w ith w ater , t he re sho uld be no l eak s. Wa ll th ic kne ss es are no t n ece ss ary for th erma l ana ly si s. T here ar e t wo te chn iq ues for dea lin g wi th wa ll th ic kn es ses . Ei the r m ode l a ll z one s a s t ou chi ng (rec omm end ed) o r crea te non - tou ch ing z one s w ith s lac k spa ce be tw een the m. If tra cin g a p lan , f o r exam pl e, yo u c an ch oos e t he cen ter li ne of al l int eri o r wa ll s, an d t he ex teri or e dge of peri met er wal l s. St air s o St air s sho uld be mo de led wi th a v oi d i n t he ce il in g o f th e zon e b elo w and a voi d in the fl oor of th e z on e ab ov e. Introduction to Ecotect v5.6 – Modeling © Juintow Lin 2007

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Ea ch ri ser sh oul d b e m ode led as a pl ane . Yo u o nl y n eed to mod el th e tr ead s. Rem emb er t o kee p t he m o del s imp le. Wh il e mo de li ng, yo u sho ul d c hec k you r s urfa ce nor m als , b y cl ic ki ng on D isp la y - > Sur fa ce Nor mal s [C trl + F 9]. Y ou can t urn the s e off by cl ic ki ng Di sp la y - > Mo d el [F9] . It’ s e as ie st to is ol ate zo ne s t o h elp s ee the arro w s. En sur e t hat th ese a lw ay s poi nt to the ex teri or. T o r ev ers e n orma ls, c li ck on Mo dif y - > Re vers e Norm al s [C trl + R ] . Mov ing It ems o Us e t he M ov e ico n (u pp er lef t) o Us e t he nud ge com man d ( very u sef ul) . Th e n udg e c omma nd wi ll mo ve th e item a def au lt num ber of u nit s in the ax is y ou ty pe, u sin g t he but ton s, x, shi ft+ x, y, s hif t+ y, z, sh ift +z. X mo ve s t he it em over the am oun t o f u ni ts spe ci fie d u nde r Curs or Sn ap. Ch ild O bje ct s o Us e a pa nel to mo de l a s li din g d oor o T o i nse rt a c hi ld ob je ct, s uch as a w ind ow , d oor, or voi d, fir st se le c t he wa ll , and the n pr es s the in ser t butt on. You c an al so se lec t th e item , and RM C Ins ert - > Chi ld O bje ct . Roo fs o Us e t he pit ch ed r oof i con f or p itc hed ro ofs o Crea te a r oof fro m s cra tc h by us in g p lan es T o l in k i tem s ( pare nt an d chi ldr en), s ele ct th e item s to be li nk ed and c li ck C trl + K. Rea di ngs o It is hi ghl y r ec omme nde d t hat yo u re ad A ndre w Mar s h’s art ic le , e nt itl ed, T herma l Mod el lin g: The E COT E CT Wa y at h ttp ://n atu ralf r eq u en cy. c om /a rti cle s/the rm ale lem e nts . o T he h el p f il e a ls o h as a go od ar ti cl e cal le d Th erma l Mode ll in g. o

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Usin g N o d es One ca n u se no des o f e ac h p lan e t o m odi fy t h e g eo metr y. T o t urn nod es on , s ele ct an item , a nd c li ck F 3. T hi s wi ll hi ghl ig ht al l n ode s of se l ect ed ite m. F rom her e, yo u c an sel ec t n ode s b y cl ic ki ng o n th em, us in g a w in do w t o hi ghl ig ht mul ti ple no de s, or u sin g the co ntro l and sh if t b utt o n to ad d or d e le te nod es fr om y our se le ct ion s et. Sc ri pts Sc rip ts ca n b e u se fu l f or a num ber of fun ct ion s. W e wi ll rev ie w us ing a scr ip t t o crea te a m ov ie. Key s an d Key st ro ke s co m m o n ly u sed F3 Se le ct nod es F4 Iso lat e t he curr ent z one F5 Pl an vi ew F6 Si de vi ew F7 Oth er s id e v ie w F8 Per sp ect iv e vie w F9 Che ck nor ma ls - a ll arro w s s hou ld be fa ci ng out F9 Di sp lay Sha do ws x / sh if t x Nud ge ob jec t in thi s ax is b y gr id sn ap ( sh ift x nu dge s in th e n ega ti ve dir ect io n) y / sh if t y Nud ge ob jec t in thi s ax is b y gr id sn ap ( sh ift y nu dge s in th e n ega ti ve dir ect io n) z / sh if t z Nud ge ob jec t in thi s ax is b y gr id sn ap ( sh ift z nu dge s in th e n ega ti ve dir ect io n) ctrl – tab T ogg les b etw ee n t ool s, i. e . 3d ed it or, vi su al iza ti on, etc . spa ce If you se le ct the c omm on l ine , t he spa ce bar al lo ws y ou t ogg le thr oug h a ll adj ace nt el eme nts (i .e. Fl oor, ce il in g, wa ll s) Gene r al Item s T here are a fi nit e n umb er of u ndo s , aro und 5 - 7 . A s wi th any pro gra m, sa ve oft en, and crea te ne w v ers io ns of yo ur mo de l whe n a ppro pri ate . Introduction to Ecotect v5.6 – Modeling © Juintow Lin 2007

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T he De f au lt but ton a ctu al l y me an s Sa ve as D efa ul t, not r es et va lue s to De fau lt .

Ass ign M ate ri als  Rea di ngs In t he he lp men u, sear ch f or th e t it le, Ma ter ia l As si g nmen ts P ane l In t he he lp men u, sear ch f or th e t it le, Th erma l Pro pe rtie s - Op aqu e M ater ia ls  To ed it a mat eri al, do ub le cl ic k o n i t t he mat eri al in t he M ater ia l A ss ignm en ts t ab (r igh t). Be fore c han gin g a ma ter ia l, fir st ch ang e t he nam e a nd d es cri pt ion un der Pr op erti es. T hen cl i ck A dd Ne w E lem e nt a t t he lo wer l eft .  To ed it a mat eri al: Make c han ge s ma nu a l ly. V alu es for co mmo n U- va lu e s, Ad mi tta nce , So lar Abs o rpti on, T herma l De cre men t, and T herma l Lag are s ho wn in t he re ad ing , Th erma l Pr ope rtie s Opa que Ma teri al s a bo ve. Ad dit io nal i nfor mat io n c an be fou nd in Ste ven Szo ko lay ’s Intro du cti on to A rch it ect ur al S cie nc e: T he B as is of S ust ain ab le De si gn , i n Ta bl es D1. 3 a nd D1 .4 in th e Ap pe ndi x. Us e t he Lay ers ta b t o gr ap hic al ly ch ang e t he ma keu p of yo ur m ater ia l. Ma ke su re to Ap pl y Cha nge s and C al cul ate T herm al Prop ert ies . T ake no te of the fi gur es bef ore a nd after . Yo u wi ll ne ed to upd ate the th erma l lag ma nua ll y. Co nsu lt th e t abl es l is t ed abo ve.  Pr imar y vs. Al tern ate Ma te rial s By de fau lt , pr im ary and a lt ernat e m ater ia ls are th e s ame. F or wal ls , ro of s, fl oors , an d c ei lin gs - a lt erna te mat e rial s are us efu l whe n yo u hav e over lap pi ng zo nes . T he alt ernat e m ater ia l is se le cte d wh en tw o zon es ov erl ap. F or win do ws , d oor s, pan el s, vo ids , a pp lia nc es , a nd sour ce s, the a lter nat e m at eria l is use d wit h Obj ec t Ac ti vat io n. Th is c an be us ed to ope n a w ind ow or turn on a he ater.

Introduction to Ecotect v5.6 – Modeling © Juintow Lin 2007

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