qimia testur davalebaTa aRwera davalebis I tipi _ ramdenime ...

qimia testur

davalebaTa

aRwera

davalebis I tipi _ ramdenime savaraudo variantidan erTaderTi swori pasuxis arCeva (e.w. arCeviTpasuxiani testuri davaleba) davalebis aRwera da instruqcia _ davalebaSi dasmulia SekiTxva da mocemulia oTxi an xuTi savaraudo pasuxi, romelTagan mxolod erTia swori. abiturientma unda airCios swori pasuxi da pasuxebis furcelSi aRniSnos Sesabamisi ujra. zogierT davalebaSi mocemulia winadadebebi, romlebSic ramdenime sityva, sityvaTa jgufi an formulaa gamotovebuli, rac mravalwertiliT aris aRniSnuli. savaraudo pasuxTa yovel variantSi mocemulia savaraudo pasuxebi, romelTa nawilebi erTmaneTisgan daxrili xazebiTaa (/) gamijnuli. abiturientma unda airCios is varianti, romlis TiToeuli nawilis Tanmimdevrulad Casma Sesabamis gamotovebul adgilebSi marTebul azrs mogvcems. Sefaseba _ TiToeuli amgvari davaleba fasdeba TiTo quliT. davalebis II tipi _ Sesabamisobis povna. davalebis aRwera da instruqcia _ abiturientma unda ipovos Sesabamisoba cxrilis saxiT warmodgenil or CamonaTvalSi mocemul movlenaTa an obieqtTa Soris. pasuxis Caweris forma da Sefaseba dawvrilebiT iqneba aRwerili TiToeul davalebaSi. davalebis III tipi – mocemuli amocanis amoxsna (e.w. Ria testuri davaleba). davalebis aRwera da instruqcia _ davalebaSi mocemulia amocanis piroba da dasmulia ramdenime kiTxva. TiToeul kiTxvas Seesabameba erTi swori pasuxi. abiturientma unda miiRos swori pasuxi da imavdroulad naTlad unda warmoadginos pasuxis miRebis gza. SesaZlebelia, zogierTi amocana ixsnebodes ramdenime xerxiT. am SemTxvevaSi sakmarisia, abiturientma aCvenos amoxsnis erT-erTi gza. Sefaseba _ TiToeuli kiTxvis swori pasuxi fasdeba 1 an 2 quliT.

davalebis I tipis nimuSi: aminomJavebi .............. bunebisaa, radgan isini Seicaven .............. Tvisebebis mqone aminis da .............. Tvisebebis mqone karboqsilis jgufebs. a) amfoteruli / mJavuri / fuZuri b) amfoteruli / fuZuri / mJavuri

g) mJavuri / fuZuri / mJavuri d) mJavuri / mJavuri / fuZuri

swori pasuxia _ b)

davalebis II tipis nimuSi: naxazze mocemulia nivTierebaTa gardaqmnis sqema, romlis TiToeul etapze xdeba erTi nivTierebis meore nivTierebad gardaqmna. C2 H4

I

IV

i ap t e

et ap i

C2H5OH

II

C2H5OH

et ap i CH3CHO

III

i ap t e

ipoveT Sesabamisoba mimdinare gardaqmnis etapebsa da CamoTvlil procesebs Soris. cxrilis Sesabamis ujraSi dasviT niSani "X". etapi

procesi a. b. g. d. e.

I II III IV

hidrolizi dehidratacia hidratacia hidrireba dehidrireba

swori pasuxebi: a I II III IV

b

g d X

e X

X X

a I II III IV

b

g

d

e

davalebis III tipis nimuSebi:

1.

mocemulia marilis molekuluri formula: Fe2(SO4)3 qvemoT mocemul ujrebSi CawereT: marilis saxelwodeba (metalis valentobis CvenebiT): eleqtrolituri disociaciis gantoleba (koeficientebis CvenebiT): Sesabamisi fuZe oqsidis formula: Sesabamisi mJava oqsidis formula: am marilis natriumis tutesTan urTierTqmedebis reaqcia:

1 2 3 4 5

swori pasuxebi: 1

rkinis (III) sulfati

2 3

Fe2O3

4

SO3

5

2.

40 g magniumis oqsids daamates xsnari, romelic 60 g ZmarmJavas Seicavda: MgO + 2CH3COOH = (CH3COO)2Mg + H2O

1) gamoTvaleT, romeli nivTiereba iyo aRebuli Warbi raodenobiT. 2) gamoTvaleT warmoqmnili marilis raodenoba (molebSi).

amoxsna: M (MgO)   40 g/moli;     (MgO) = 40:40 = 1moli M (CH3COOH)   60 g/moli;     (CH3COOH) = 60:60 = 1 moli reaqciis mixedviT  (MgO) : (CH3COOH    1 : 2. e. i. 1 mol magniumis oqsidTan urTierTqmedebisTvis saWiroa orjer meti ZmarmJava. amocanis pirobis mixedviT ki: (MgO) : (CH3COOH    1 : 1. e. i. ZmarmJava da magniumis oqsidi toli raodenobebiTaa aRebuli, amitom Warbi raodenobiT aRebulia MgO. 1)  

2) radgan Warbia magniumis oqsidi, marilis raodenoba unda gamovTvaloT ZmarmJavas mixedviT: 1 moli       x moli MgO   2CH3COOH    CH3COO 2Mg  H2O 2 moli

1 moli

proporciidan gamomdinare x 0.5 moli pasuxi: 0.5 moli marili.