horizontal position computation by traverse - Google Groups
Recommend Documents
capital development in Nairobi, Kenya. IDEX is ... Business Development and Fundraising ... Use other tools, such as soc
Launch IDEX's program presence in Nairobi by identifying and managing relationships with ... Use other tools, such as so
Development Project and South Omaha Development Project master plans. ESSENTIAL JOB ... administration, business or othe
the code above for exclusive content. .... RemoteLinkTM3 and myChevrolet4
mobile apps for the ability to lock/unlock doors and start5 your ... and can use
GPS technology to pinpoint your exact location and request immediate ... With
more horsepowe
up to eight,2 award-winning safety technology and premium details that ... Honda
Pilot and Toyota Highlander, Traverse lets you ... that helps maintain a controlled
stride in all types of weather and road conditions. uncurbed .... vision camera
pr
BACKGROUND: Recent data suggest that during mechanical ventilation the lateral-horizontal ... and estimated costs of $40,000 per case.1 VAP prevention is a major ... Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Penn- ...... Auto- mat
Greater Phoenix metropolitan area. CTI embodies the polytechnic values of engaged learning, applied research, engagement
ResultsLab Senior Consultant, Performance Management and Evaluation. Capacity Building. ResultsLab is a Denver-based str
Work with latest technologies: As we continue to lead the industry, we require expertise across a broad spectrum of tech
In accordance with the requirements of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title IX of the. Education Amendments o
TAIR7 Annotations (green=protein-coding gene, red=pseudogene/transposon, others=various RNA types). Log_2 Ratio Columbia
*2 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha ..... [6] Nathanson , Jerry , Lanzafama , Michael T. and Kissam , Philip ,.
The Company is responsible for recruiting and assessing managers for the ... be responsible for the planning, implementa
Organization and development of tools and processes to facilitate result based management. - Knowledge Management experi
Mr. Harrison and the organization have been profiled in Fast Company, Inc Magazine, and by Nick. Kristof in the New York
horizontal position computation by traverse - Google Groups
Department of Geodetic Engineering. Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry. GE 10 â General Surveying
HORIZONTAL POSITION COMPUTATION BY TRAVERSE TRAVERSE COMPUTATIONS AND ADJUSTMENTS
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
1
At the end of the lecture, the student should be able to: • Define traverse and traverse stations • Enumerate purposes of traverse • Enumerate and differentiate general classes and types of traverse • Identify formulas for traverse adjustments and apply them correctly Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
2
I. Traverse A. B. C. D.
Definition Purposes General Classes Types
II. Traverse Computations A. Latitude and Departure B. Relative Error of Closure
III. Traverse Adjustments A. Compass Rule B. Transit Rule Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
3
consists of a series of straight lines connecting successive points whose lengths and directions have been determined from field observations points defining the ends of traverse lines are called traverse stations or traverse points
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
4
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
5
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
6
1. Property surveys to locate or establish boundaries. 2. Supplementary horizontal control for topographic mapping surveys. 3. Location and construction layout surveys for highways, railways and other private and public works. 4. Ground control surveys for photogrammetric surveys.
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
7
1. Open Traverse - originates at a point of known position and terminates at a point of unknown position
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
8
2. Closed Traverse - originates at a point of known position and terminates at a point of known position
Closed Loop Traverse – a closed traverse that originates and terminates at a single point Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
9
Closed Traverse
Closed Loop Traverse
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
10
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Deflection-angle traverse Interior-angle traverse Traverse by angles to the right Azimuth traverse Compass traverse
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
11
In dealing with a closed traverse, we have computations in: 1) Determining latitudes and departures 2) Calculating total error of closure 3) Balancing the survey 4) Determining adjusted positions of traverse stations 5) Area computation 6) Area subdivision Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
12
Projection of a line onto a reference meridian or North-South line
Lines with Northerly bearings (+) LAT Lines with Southerly bearings (-) LAT
Equal to distance*cosine of bearing angle
Latitude = d*Cosb Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
13
Projection of a line onto a reference parallel or East-West line Lines with Easterly bearings (+) DEP Lines with Westerly bearings (-) DEP Equal to distance*sine of bearing angle
Departure = d*Sineb Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
14
Is usually a short line of unknown length and direction connecting the initial and final traverse stations
Note: In computing for q, use the absolute values for SDep and SLat. Determine the quadrant where the line lies using corresponding signs of the 2 sums. Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
15
Ratio of the linear error of closure to the perimeter or total length of the traverse
REC = Relative Error of Closure LEC = Linear Error of Closure D = Total Length or perimeter of the traverse Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
16
Methods of adjustment are usually classified as: I. Rigorous Least Squares Method
II. Approximate Compass Rule (or Bowditch Rule) Transit Rule Crandall Method Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
17
Named after the distinguished American navigator Nathaniel Bowditch (1773-1838) Based on the assumption that: 1. All lengths are measured with equal care 2. All angles taken with approximately the same precision 3. Errors are accidental 4. Total error in any side is directly proportional to the length of the traverse Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
18
clat = correction to latitude cdep= correction to departure CL= total closure in lat = SLat
CD= total closure in dep= SDep d = length of any course D = total length of the traverse Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
19
No sound theoretical foundation since it is purely empirical Not commonly used but best suited for surveys where traverse sides are measured by stadia or subtense-bar method Based on the assumption that:
1. Angular measurements are more precise than linear measurements 2. Errors in traversing are accidental Not applicable in some instances (lines in E , W, N or S) Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
20
Where: clat = correction to latitude
cdep= correction to departure CL= total closure in lat = SLat CD= total closure in dep= SDep
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
21
Line
Length(m)
Azimuth (from South)
Line
Length (m)
Azimuth from (South)
AB
495.85
185o30’
DE
1020.87
347o35’
BC
850.62
226o02’
EF
1117.26
83o44’
CD
855.45
292o22’
FA
660.08
124o51’
Compute for: 1. Latitude and Departure of each line 2. Bearing of the side error, LEC, REC 3. Adjust the traverse using Compass Rule 4. Adjust the traverse using Transit Rule Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
22
1. Latitude and Departure of each line Line
Distance (m)
Bearing
Lat (N+, S-)
Dep (E+, W-)
AB
495.85
N 05o30' E
+493.57
+47.53
BC
850.62
N 46o02' E
+590.53
+612.23
CD
855.45
S 67o38' E
-325.53
+791.09
DE
1020.87
S 12o25' E
-996.99
+219.51
EF
1117.26
S 83o44' W
-121.96
-1110.58
FA
660.08
N 55o09' W
+377.19
-541.70
SLat=+16.81
SDep=+18.08
S=5000.13
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
23
2. Bearing of the side error, LEC, REC Bearing of the side error:
Bearing of the side error is S 47o05’ W Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
24
2. Bearing of the side error, LEC, REC
LEC = 24.69 m
REC = 1/200 Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
25
3. Traverse Adjustment by Compass Rule Line
Distance (m)
Latitude
Departure
Correction (by Compass Rule)
dLat
dDep
Lat_adj
Dep_lat
AB
495.85
493.57
47.53
-1.667
-1.793
491.903
45.737
BC
850.62
590.53
612.23
-2.860
-3.076
587.670
609.154
CD
855.45
-325.53
791.09
-2.876
-3.093
-328.406
787.997
DE
1020.87
-996.99
219.51
-3.432
-3.691
-1000.422
215.819
EF
1117.26
-121.96
-1110.58
-3.756
-4.040
-125.716
-1114.620
FA
660.08
377.19
-541.7
-2.219
-2.387
374.971
-544.087
Sum:
5000.13
16.81
18.08
-16.810
-18.080
0.000
0.000
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
26
3. Traverse Adjustment by Compass Rule Adjusted Values (By Compass Rule) Line
Latitude
Departure
Distance (m)
Bearing
Azimuth (from South)
AB
491.903
45.737
494.025
N 5o19' E
185o19'
BC
587.670
609.154
846.419
N 46o02' E
226o02'
CD
-328.406
787.997
853.692
S 67o23' E
292o37'
DE
-1000.422
215.819
1023.436
S 12o10' E
347o50'
EF
-125.716
-1114.620 1121.687
S 83o34' W
83o34'
FA
374.971
-544.087
N 55o26' W
124o34'
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
660.783
GE 10 – General Surveying I
27
4. Traverse Adjustment by Transit Rule Line
Lat
Dep
|Lat|
|Dep|
Correction by Transit Rule
Adjusted Lat/Dep
dLat
dDep
Lat_adj
Dep_adj
AB
493.57
47.53
493.57
47.53
-2.855
-0.259
490.715
47.271
BC
590.53
612.23
590.53
612.23
-3.416
-3.331
587.114
608.899
CD
-325.53
791.09
325.53
791.09
-1.883
-4.305
-327.413
786.785
DE
-996.99
219.51
996.99
219.51
-5.768
-1.194
-1002.758
218.316
EF
-121.96
-1110.58
121.96
1110.58
-0.706
-6.043
-122.666 -1116.623
FA
377.19
-541.7
377.19
541.70
-2.182
-2.948
375.008
-544.648
Sum:
16.81
18.08
2905.77 3322.64 -16.810
-18.080
0.000
0.000
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
661.266
Azimuth (from South)
GE 10 – General Surveying I
29
SUPPLEMENT TO LAB EXERCISE #2
AZIMUTH ADJUSTMENT
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
30
Azimuth Adjustment • A baseline is usually established first to provide angular check to the traverse • Errors to the observed directions are computed when the baseline is re-observed
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
31
Azimuth Adjustment • AEC (Angular Error of Closure) for an Azimuth Traverse is the deviation between the last observation and the fixed direction of the closing line (baseline) • For Lab Exercise #2,
Note: is an observed quantity is a computed quantity from the given coordinates of the 2 stations Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
32
Azimuth Adjustment Correction to Azimuth:
where: n = number of traverse stations
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
33
Davis, R.E., et. al (1981). Surveying: Theory and Practice. USA: McGraw-Hill, Inc. La Putt, J.P. (2007). Elementary Surveying. Philippines: National Book Store.
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
GE 10 – General Surveying I
34
Department of Geodetic Engineering Training Center for Applied Geodesy and Photogrammetry
