Primer Function Sequence (5' to 3') β-Actin* Housekeeping ... - PLOS

Primer

Function

Sequence (5’ to 3’)

β-Actin*

Housekeeping Gene

Forward GTGGGCCGCCCTAGGCACCAG Reverse CACTTTGATGTCACGCACGATTTC

RUNX2

Transcription

factor Forward CAGCAGCAGCAACAGCAG

associated

with Reverse GGCGATGATCTCCACCAT

osteoblast differentiation ACVR1A

Binds BMPs to then Forward GCCAAGGGGACTGGTGTAAC form complexes with Reverse GAGAATAATGAGGCCAACCTCCA SMADs

SMAD1

Mediates signals with Forward GCTGCTCTCCAATGTTAACCG BMPs by receptors

SMAD2

Mediates signals with Forward CCACGGTAGAAATGACAAGAAGG BMPs by receptors

SMAD3

Reverse GGGATGGAATGGCTGTAGTCG

Receptor for activated Forward TCCATACCTTGACCAGCTTG C kinase 1

SMAD4

Reverse GATTACAATTGGGGCTCTGCAC

Mediates signals with Forward GTCTGCGTGAATCCCTACCAC BMPs by receptors

GNB2L1*

Reverse CACTAAGGCATTCGGCATACAC

Reverse GCAGATTGTCTCTGGATCTC

Common

mediator Forward GGGTCAACTCTCCAATGTCCAC

SMAD,

enhances Reverse GTCACTAAGGCACCTGACCC

SMAD signaling SMAD5

Mediates signals with Forward TGGGTCAAGATAATTCCCAGCCT BMPs by receptors

SMAD6

Inhibitory block activation

Reverse GGCTCTTCATAGGCAACAGGC

SMAD, Forward CTCCCTACTCTCGGCTGTCT R-SMAD Reverse AGAATTCACCCGGAGCAGTG

SMAD7

Inhibitory

SMAD, Forward CCATCACCTTAGCCGACTCT

block

R-SMAD Reverse CCAGGGGCCAGATAATTCGT

activation SMAD9

Mediates signals with Forward CTTATCATGCCACAGAAGCCTCT BMPs by receptors

BMPR1A

Bone

Reverse GCTCCTCGTAACAAACTGGTCG

morphogenetic Forward ACGCCGGACAATAGAATGTTGTC

protein receptor, type Reverse GAGCAAAACCAGCCATCGAATG IA (CD292) TWY1*

Wyosine

biosynthesis Forward ATTGTCATCAAGACGCAGGGC

protein BMPR1B

Bone

Reverse GTTGCGAATCCCTTCGCTGTT morphogenetic Forward GGTTCAGACTTCTGCTGATTCAT

protein receptor type- Reverse CGCAAAAGCATGTTATCAAGG 1B (CDw293) BMP2-EL

Osteoinductive cytokine,

Forward CTTCTAGCGTTGCTGCTTCC

linked

to Reverse AACTCGCTCAGGACCTCGT

hedgehog pathway and TGF beta signaling BMP2-HW

Osteoinductive cytokine,

Forward AGACCTGTATCGCAGGCACT

linked

to Reverse CCACTCGTTTCTGGTAGTTCTTCC

hedgehog pathway and TGF beta signaling BMPR2

Serine/threonine receptor binds

kinase

Forward AGCCTCTCACACCCACTCC that Reverse GCAGAACAACCGTGAGAGG bone

morphogenetic proteins

ACVR1B

Binds

ACVR2A

ACVR2B

to

or Forward GACATTGCCCCGAATCAGAGG

recruit Reverse GCCCGAGGGCATAAATATCAGC

SMADS 2/3. BMP4

BMP4 is found in early Forward CAGCACTGGTCTTGAGTATCCT embryonic

Reverse AGCAGAGTTTTCACTGGTCCC

development CYCR*

Bacterial housekeeping Forward ACTGCGGGAAGGTCTCTACTT gene

with

adenylate Reverse GGGTGCCATCGTCAAACTCTA

cyclase activity

BMP7

BMP10

Phosphorylates

Forward CAGGCCTGTAAGAAGCACGA

SMAD1 and SMAD5

Reverse TGGTTGGTGGCGTTCATGTA

Involved

in

trabeculation

the Forward ACCCACCAGAGTACATGTTGG of

the Reverse GCCCATTAAAACTGACCGGC

heart Nestin

A type VI intermediate Forward GCTCAGGTCCTGGAAGGTC filament,

mainly

a Reverse AAGCTGAGGGAAGTCTTGGA

nerve stem cells marker CD63

A

transmembrane Forward CCCTTGGAATTGCTTTTGTT

protein, signaling cell Reverse TATTCCACTCCCCCAGATGA growth,

development

and motility ALCAM

(CD1660)

A Forward TTCCAGTCCCTCTACTCAGAGC

transmembrane glycoprotein, mediating adhesions

Reverse GCTAAGAAGGACTCGCAGGA

Osterix

A

master

regulatory Forward TGGGCTCCCAACACTATTTC

transcription factor for Reverse GGGAAGACTGAAGCCTGGA osteogenesis UBE2D2*

RUNX1T1

Ubiquitin-conjugating

Forward CCATGGCTCTGAAGAGAATCC

enzyme E2 D2

Reverse GATAGGGACTGTCATTTGGCC

A

zinc

finger Forward ATCACAACAGAGAGGGCCAA

transcription factor, that Reverse CTGCAGGTTTCACTCGCTTT blocks

hematopoietic

differentiation SMURF1

E3

ubiquitin-protein Forward ATGCAGTTCGTGGCCAGATA

ligase regulates SMAD Reverse CAGGCCCGGAGTCTTCATAC proteins SMURF2

E3

ubiquitin-protein Forward GACAGGATCCTCTCGAGTGC

ligase regulates SMAD Reverse AGCTTTCATAGGGTGGAATGTCT proteins INHBA

Inhibin

beta

A,

a Forward AAGTCGGGGAGAACGGGTAT

differentiation factor ACVR2A

Forms

a

activate

dimer

Reverse GGTCACTGCCTTCCTTGGAA to Forward ACCATGGCTAGAGGATTGGC

TGF-Beta Reverse GCCAACCCAAAGTCAGCAAT

pathway. ACVR2B

Forms

a

activate

dimer

to Forward CTGCAACGAACGCTTCACTC

TGF-Beta Reverse CAGGACGATGAGGGAAAGGC

pathway. Binds with a 3-4 higher affinity than ACVR2A RNF20*

E3

ubiquitin-protein Forward GGTGTCTCTTCAACGGAGGAA

ligase BRE1A

Reverse TAGTGAGGCATCATCAGTGGC

TGFB1

Cytokine of the TGF- Forward CGACTCGCCAGAGTGGTTATC beta superfamily, that Reverse GTTATCCCTGCTGTCACAGGAG controls cell growth, differentiation

and

proliferation TGFBR1

The

receptor

for Forward CGTTCGTGGTTCCGTGAGG

TGFB1, that transduces Reverse TAATCTGACACCAACCAGAGCTG further signalling TRAF6

Tumor necrosis factor Forward CGCACTAGAACGAGCAAGTGA receptor,

transduces Reverse GCCACACAGCAGTCACTTTCA

signaling for MAP3K pathways SNAIL2

Regulator of osteoblast Forward TCCTTCCTGGTCAAGAAGCA differentiation

Vimentin

Reverse GGTATGACAGGCATGGAGTA

A type III intermediate Forward GGAGAAATTGCAGGAGGAGA filament

protein Reverse TGCGTTCAAGGTCAAGACGT

expressed in MSC IL-08

Chemokine involved in Forward GTGTGAAGGTGCAGTTTTGCC immune response and Reverse GTGGTCCACTCTCAATCACTC angiogenesis

B2M*

MHC class I molecule Forward TTGTCTTTCAGCAAGGACTGG present on all nucleated Reverse ATGCGGCATCTTCAAACCTCC cells

CathepsinB

Marker for cell death Forward TGTGTATTCGGACTTCCTGC and inflammation

CathepsinD

Reverse TTAAAGAAGCCATTGTCACCC

A lysosomal aspartyl Forward GGTGCTCAAGAACTACATGG protease

Reverse ATTCTTCACGTAGGTGCTGG

CathepsinG

CathepsinL

Protease found mainly Forward AACAGATACACTCCGAGAGG in immuno cells

Reverse ACGACTTTCCATAGGAGACG

Lysosomal

Forward GACTCTGAGGAATCCTATCC

endopeptidase enzyme Reverse CTTAGGGATGTCCACAAAGC initiating

protein

degradation CathepsinS

lysosomal protease

GAPDH*

cysteine Forward GCGTCATCCTTCTTTCTTCC Reverse CCAGCTGTTTTTCACAAGCC

Enzyme catalyzing a Forward TCAAGGCTGAGAACGGGAA step of the glycolysis Reverse TGGGTGGCAGTGATGGCA pathway