Seismic Performance Evaluation of Indonesian ... - ScienceDirect.com

Available online at www.sciencedirect.com

ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 171 (2017) 1043 – 1051

6XVWDLQDEOH&LYLO(QJLQHHULQJ6WUXFWXUHVDQG&RQVWUXFWLRQ0DWHULDOV6&(6&0

6HLVPLFSHUIRUPDQFHHYDOXDWLRQRI,QGRQHVLDQH[LVWLQJ 5&EXLOGLQJFRQVLGHULQJEULFNLQILOO 0DLGLDZDWLD $JXVDí@$QLQYHVWLJDWLRQRQWZRGDPDJHG5&EXLOGLQJVRQHWRWDOO\FROODSVHGDQGRWKHUPRGHUDWHO\ GDPDJHGZDVFRQGXFWHGE\DXWKRUDIWHUWKH6HSWHPEHU6XPDWUD(DUWKTXDNH>@,WZDVSURPSWO\IRXQGWKDWWKH EULFNZDOOLQVXUYLYHG5&EXLOGLQJFRQWULEXWHGWRUHVLVWVHLVPLFORDGDQGSUHYHQWHGWKHFROODSVLQJRIWKHEXLOGLQJ 

&RUUHVSRQGLQJDXWKRU7HOID[ E-mail address: PDLGLDZDWL#LWSDFLG

1877-7058 © 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license

(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the organizing committee of SCESCM 2016.

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2017.01.450

1044

Maidiawati et al. / Procedia Engineering 171 (2017) 1043 – 1051

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fmƍ LV HYDOXDWHG E\ PXOWLSO\LQJ WKH XQLD[LDO FRPSUHVVLYHVWUHQJWKRILQILOOfmE\DUHGXFWLRQIDFWRUĮZKLFKLVHYDOXDWHGE\(T 7KHGLDJRQDOFRPSUHVVLRQ Csƍ ZKLFK DFWV RQ WKH ERWWRPWRS RI WKH FRPSUHVVLYHWHQVLOH FROXPQ DV VKRZQ LQ )LJ F  LV JLYHQ E\ (T D  +RZHYHUDVVXPLQJUHDFWLRQIRUFHVDWWKHFROXPQHQGVDQXQEDODQFHGPRPHQWFDXVHVDURWDWLRQRIDIUHHERG\RI WKHLQILOODVVKRZQE\WKHVROLGUHGDUURZVLQ)LJG 7KHUHIRUHUHDFWLRQIRUFHVDUHFRQVLGHUHGDWWKHEHDPHQGV DVVKRZQE\WKHGDVKHGDUURZVLQWKHILJXUH$VDUHVXOWWKHWRWDOGLDJRQDOFRPSUHVVLRQCsLVUHSUHVHQWHGWZLFHDV CsƍDVJLYHQE\(TE 7KHQCsLVUHVROYHGLQWRWKHKRUL]RQWDODQGYHUWLFDOFRPSRQHQWVZKLFKDUHUHSUHVHQWHGE\ WKHGLVWULEXWHGIRUFHVDORQJFROXPQKHLJKWDVVKRZQLQ(TVF DQGG  hs

Cs

³ '  y dy  hs

' ave ' PD[

D





' PD[

   w t f m





Cs

W t fm

ch

t f m FRV  T

cv

t f m VLQ T FRV T





D  E F G

LQZKLFKĮUHGXFWLRQIDFWRUǻ(y)GLIIHUHQFHEHWZHHQIOH[XUDOįf(y) DQGVKHDU(įs(y) GHIRUPDWLRQDORQJFROXPQ KHLJKW VR ǻ(y)=įs(y)–įf(y) ǻave DYHUDJHG GLIIHUHQFH EHWZHHQ IOH[XUDO DQG VKHDU GHIRUPDWLRQ ǻmax PD[LPXP

1045

Maidiawati et al. / Procedia Engineering 171 (2017) 1043 – 1051

GLIIHUHQFHEHWZHHQIOH[XUDODQGVKHDUGHIRUPDWLRQwƍKDOIVWUXWZLGWKIURPGLDJRQDOD[LVtWKLFNQHVVRILQILOOW VWUXWZLGWKW=2w ƍșLQFOLQDWLRQDQJOHRIVWUXWDVVKRZQLQ)LJF  $VVXPLQJ WKDW WKH FRPSUHVVLYH FROXPQ \LHOGV LQ IOH[XUH DW WKH ERWWRP WKH PRPHQW GLVWULEXWLRQ DORQJ FROXPQ KHLJKW cM(y) LV REWDLQHGZLWK (T @ 



)LJ0RGHOLQJRIPDVRQU\LQILOOHGIUDPHD 7\SLFDO,QGRQHVLDQ5&EXLOGLQJZLWKEULFNLQILOOE 0RGHOLQJDQGFORVHXSLQILOOIUDPH LQWHUIDFHXQGHUODWHUDOGHIRUPDWLRQF GLDJRQDOFRPSUHVVLRQDWLQILOOG GHULYDWLRQRIVUXWZLGWKH GLVWULEXWHGVWUXWIRUFH

,QWKHFDVHRI0 ” y ”hs c

M  y

y 

D

M u  Qu y    C h y 

,QWKHFDVHRIhs” y ”L c

M  y

Mu

y 

M u  Q u y  C h hs y     C h hs

§ N    a t V y D     N D ¨¨   b D Fc ©

· ¸¸ ¹



E  



1046

Maidiawati et al. / Procedia Engineering 171 (2017) 1043 – 1051

ZKHUH hs LQILOOFROXPQ FRQWDFW KHLJKW DV VKRZQ LQ )LJ E L FOHDU FROXPQ KHLJKW DV VKRZQ LQ )LJ H Mu IOH[XUDOVWUHQJWKRIFROXPQQuVKHDUIRUFHDWFROXPQERWWRPZKLFKLVGHWHUPLQHGZLWK(T DVGHULYHGODWHU at WRWDOFURVVVHFWLRQDODUHDRIWHQVLOHUHLQIRUFLQJEDUVıy\LHOGVWUHVVRIORQJLWXGLQDOUHLQIRUFHPHQWDFROXPQGHSWK &V N D[LDO IRUFH b: FROXPQ ZLGWK Fc FRPSUHVVLYH VWUHQJWK RI FRQFUHWH +RZHYHU WKH D[LDO IRUFH DW WKH ERWWRP RI FROXPQLVFDOFXODWHGDVDVXPPDWLRQRIEXLOGLQJZHLJKWLQLWLDOD[LDOORDG NaD[LDOIRUFHGXHWRVKHDULQJIRUFHLQ WKHEHDPNbDQGYHUWLFDOFRPSRQHQWRIWKHVWUXWIRUFH Cv hs DVVKRZQLQ)LJ 

D 

E 





F 

)LJD LQLWLDOD[LDOORDGE D[LDOORDGGXHWRVKHDULQJIRUFHLQWKHEHDPF D[LDOORDGGXHWRVWUXWIRUFH

%\GRXEOHLQWHJUDOVRI(T (,ODWHUDOGLVSODFHPHQWDORQJFROXPQKHLJKW cG(y)LVREWDLQHGZLWK(T ,QWKH FDVHRI 0 ” y ”hs c

    C h y      Q u y      M u y  EI



G y



D

,QWKHFDVHRIhs”y”L c

G y

   Ch hs    Qu y      M u    Ch hs y      Ch hs  y    C h hs  EI









E 

ZKHUH E DQGI DUHí@)LJVKRZVWKHUHODWLRQVKLSVEHWZHHQODWHUDOIRUFHDQGGULIWUDWLR IRUERWKVSHFLPHQVDFFRUGLQJWRWKHWHVWUHVXOWV7KHH[SHULPHQWDOLQILOOFRQWULEXWLRQZDVHYDOXDWHGE\H[WUDFWLQJWKH GLIIHUHQFHEHWZHHQODWHUDOIRUFHVRI,)DQG%)VSHFLPHQVDWWKHVDPHGULIWUDWLRDVVKRZQLQ)LJ

䢯䢸

䢯䢶

䢯䢴

䢲

䢴

䢶

䢸

䢲 䢯䢳䢲䢲

㻽㼙㼍㼤㻩㻝㻣㻠㻚㻜㻌㼗㻺 䢯䢴䢲䢲 䢯䢵䢲䢲 䢯䢺

䢺

'ULIWUDWLR

䢳䢲䢲

䢯䢸

䢯䢶

䢯䢴

䢲

䢴

'ULIWUDWLR

E

䢶

䢸

䢺



)LJ/DWHUDOIRUFHGULIWUDWLRUHODWLRQVKLSD %DUH)UDPHVSHFLPHQE ,QILOOHG)UDPHVSHFLPHQ

/DWHUDOIRUFHN1

    䢢䣇䣺䣲䣧䣴䣫䣯䣧䣰䣶 䢢䣃䣰䣣䣮䣻䣶䣫䣥䣣䣮䢢䣯䣱䣦䣧䣮 䢢䣇䣺䣲䢰䢢䣦䣧䣨䣱䣴䣯䣣䣶䣫䣱䣰䢢䣥䣣䣲䣣䣥䣫䣶䣻 䢢䣃䣰䣣䢰䢢䣦䣧䣨䣱䣴䣯䣣䣶䣫䣱䣰䢢䣥䣣䣲䣣䣥䣫䣶䣻䢢

 









'ULIWUDWLR )LJ/DWHUDOIRUFHGULIWUDWLRUHODWLRQVKLSRIEULFNLQILOO



7KHDQDO\WLFDOPRGHOZDVDSSOLHGWRWKH,)VSHFLPHQWRHYDOXDWHWKHFROXPQLQILOOFRQWDFWOHQJWKhsZKLFKZDV HYDOXDWHGDWPP&RQVHTXHQWO\WKHVWUXWZLGWKW,DQGWKHGLDJRQDOFRPSUHVVLRQVWUXWCsZHUHREWDLQHGEDVHG RQ(T (T UHVSHFWLYHO\0RUHRYHUWKHLQILOOSHUIRUPDQFHZDVUHSODFHGE\DELOLQHDUFXUYHZLWKD\LHOGSRLQW RIiVy,iįy 7KH(TV DQG JLYHWKH\LHOGVWUHQJWKiVyDQGGULIWiįyUHVSHFWLYHO\$VWKHUHVXOWJRRGDJUHHPHQW ZDVREWDLQHGEHWZHHQWKHH[SHULPHQWDODQGDQDO\WLFDOXOWLPDWHVWUHQJWKVRILQILOODVVKRZQLQ)LJ

1048

Maidiawati et al. / Procedia Engineering 171 (2017) 1043 – 1051

C s FRV T

iV y

W t f m FRV T

iV y

iG y i



iV y

 

E m W t FRV  T d

Ky

ZKHUH iKyZDVWKHVHFDQWVWLIIQHVVWRWKH\LHOGSRLQWRIWKHLQILOOEmLVWKHHODVWLFPRGXOXVRIWKHLQILOODQGdZDV GLDJRQDOOHQJWKRILQILOO 0RUHRYHU WKH VKHDU SHUIRUPDQFH RI FRPSUHVVLYH FROXPQ ZDV HYDOXDWHG E\ UHSODFLQJ E\ D ELOLQHDU PRGHO DV VKRZQLQ)LJ,QWKHILJXUHKRZHYHUWKHFROXPQVKHDUZDVUHSUHVHQWHGE\WKHDYHUDJHRIVKHDUIRUFHcQ(y)ZKLFK ZDVWKHILUVWGLIIHUHQWLDORI(T DORQJWKHFROXPQKHLJKWHTXDOWRFROXPQGHSWK(y=D)IURPWKHHQGEHFDXVHWKH VHYHUH GDPDJH RFFXUUHG DFURVV WKLV VHFWLRQ 7KH GULIW DW WKH PD[LPXP VKHDU Dy, VKRXOG EH JLYHQ E\ (T   FRQVLGHULQJWKHODWHUDOGLVSODFHPHQWFRPSDWLELOLW\2QWKHRWKHUKDQGWKHVKHDUFDSDFLW\RIFROXPQZDVHYDOXDWHG E\ (T   >@ ZKHUH WKH SDUDPHWHUV RI P DQG a ZHUH HYDOXDWHG FRQVLGHULQJ WKH VWUXW HIIHFWV 7KH GHIRUPDWLRQ FDSDFLW\ RI FROXPQ ZDV GHILQHG DV D GULIW ZKHUH VKHDU IRUFH DWWDLQHG WR WKH FDSDFLW\ DV VKRZQ LQ )LJ  &RQVHTXHQWO\LWZDVUDGZKLFKDJUHHZLWKWKHH[SHULPHQW7KLVGHIRUPDWLRQFDSDFLW\LVDOVRSORWWHGLQ)LJ

Vn

 

V m   K L

Dy

k

Fc    A g 

Av f y D

s

FRW  o 

D c P a



ZKHUHkGHJUDGDWLRQIDFWRURIFRQFUHWHVWUHQJWKZKLFKZDVXSWRDGULIWRIDQGDWDGULIWRIDV VKRZQLQ)LJAgJURVVFURVVVHFWLRQDODUHDRIFROXPQAȞFURVVVHFWLRQDODUHDRIKRRSfy\LHOGVWUHVVRIKRRSV D’GLVWDQFHEHWZHHQWKHFHQWHUVRIKRRSsVSDFLQJEHWZHHQKRRSVDORQJWKHD[LVcQHXWUDOD[LVGHSWKPD[LDO IRUFHaVKHDUVSDQ  k 3VL

6KHDUFDSDFLW\ 6KHDUIRUFH ([SGHIRUPDWLRQFDSDFLW\ $QDGHIRUPDWLRQFDSDFLW\

䢺䢲

k 03D











䢸䢲 䢶䢲 䢴䢲 䢲 䢲䢰䢲

㼥 㻰

6KHDUVWUHQJWKN1

䢳䢲䢲

䢲䢰䢷

䢳䢰䢲

䢳䢰䢷

䢴䢰䢲

䢴䢰䢷

'ULIWUDG )LJ3HUIRUPDQFHFXUYHRIFROXPQZLWKLQILOOHIIHFWV









0HPEHUGLVSODFHPHQWGXFWLOLW\—



)LJ&RQFUHWHVWUHQJWKGHJUDGDWLRQ



6HLVPLF3HUIRUPDQFH(YDOXDWLRQRI5&%XLOGLQJ

4.1. Description of building $QH[LVWLQJWKUHHVWRU\5&EXLOGLQJLQ3DGDQJ,QGRQHVLDDVVKRZQLQ)LJD ZDVHYDOXDWHGE\DSSO\LQJWKH DQDO\WLFDOPRGHOWRQRQVWUXFWXUDOEULFNZDOOV7KHLQYHVWLJDWHGEXLOGLQJZDVFRQVWUXFWHGLQUHSUHVHQWLQJWKH W\SLFDO ,QGRQHVLDQ EXLOGLQJ ZLWK WKH ILUVW VWRU\ SODQ LOOXVWUDWHG LQ )LJ E  7KH FURVV VHFWLRQDO GLPHQVLRQV RI FROXPQVc1ZHUH[PPZLWK'RIORQJLWXGLQDOUHEDUVDQGWKHFURVVVHFWLRQDOGLPHQVLRQVRIFROXPQc2 ZHUH[ PP ZLWK ‘ RI ORQJLWXGLQDO UHEDUV 7KH ERWK FROXPQV KDYH ‘ RI WUDQVYHUVH KRRSV 0DQ\ EULFN ZDOOV ZLWK DQG ZLWKRXW RSHQLQJV ZHUH XVHG DV LQILOO LQ 5& IUDPHV DV VKRZQ LQ )LJ E  &RPSUHVVLYH

1049

Maidiawati et al. / Procedia Engineering 171 (2017) 1043 – 1051

VWUHQJWKVRI FRQFUHWHRI 03D DQGEULFN ZDOORI 03DZHUHREWDLQHG WKURXJKKXPPHU WHVWV 7KH \LHOG VWUHQJWKVRIORQJLWXGLQDODQGWUDQVYHUVHUHEDUVZHUH03DDQG03DUHVSHFWLYHO\ 4.2. Seismic performance of building without infill 6HLVPLFSHUIRUPDQFHRIH[LVWLQJ5&EXLOGLQJZDVHYDOXDWHGRQO\IRUWKHILUVWVWRU\RQWKHEDVLVRIWKH-DSDQHVH VWDQGDUG >@ DORQJ (DVW:HVW DQG 6RXWK1RUWK GLUHFWLRQV 7KH VHLVPLF SHUIRUPDQFH RI LQYHVWLJDWHG EXLOGLQJ ZDV SUHVHQWHGLQUHODWLRQVKLSEHWZHHQVWUHQJWKLQGH[DQGGXFWLOLW\LQGH[7KHFXPXODWLYHVWUHQJWKLQGH[CDWDFHUWDLQ GXFWLOLW\LQGH[FZDVFDOFXODWHGE\(T

C

Ci  ¦ D jC j

   

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&



& &



&

& &

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&



 &

&



&

& &

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

& &

&

 &



&

& & &

& &

&

& &

&

& &



&

& &

 $

(

D 

&

&



1

 %

&

&



& &

& &

&

& &

&

&

&

 '

&

&

 (

VW)ORRU3ODQ 6FDOH

E 

 )

*

IXOOEULFNZDOO EULFNZDOOZLWKRSHQLQJV FROXPQ



)LJD IURQWYLHZRILQYHVWLJDWHGEXLOGLQJE ILUVWIORRUSODQRILQYHVWLJDWHGEXLOGLQJ

Ci

Qu

¦W

 

ZKHUHCiZDVVWUHQJWKLQGH[RIWKH iWKJURXSRIYHUWLFDOPHPEHUVKDYLQJWKHVDPHGXFWLOLW\LQGH[JLYHQE\(T ĮjZDVDQHIIHFWLYHVWUHQJWKIDFWRURIWKHj-thJURXSCjLVVWUHQJWKLQGH[RIWKHj-thJURXSKDYLQJWKHVDPHGXFWLOLW\ LQGH[ ODUJHU WKDQ WKDW RI i-th JURXS Qui ZDV XOWLPDWH ODWHUDO ORDGFDUU\LQJ FDSDFLW\ RI WKH i-th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

1050

Maidiawati et al. / Procedia Engineering 171 (2017) 1043 – 1051

4.3. Seismic performance of building considering brick infill 7KH DQDO\WLFDO PRGHO ZDV DSSOLHG WR HYDOXDWH WKH LQILOO HIIHFWV ,Q WKH FDVH RI PXOWLVSDQ LQILOOHG IUDPHV DV LOOXVWUDWHGLQ)LJD KRZHYHUHDFKFROXPQZDVFDWHJRUL]HGLQWRDQH[WHULRUWHQVLOHFROXPQLQWHULRUFROXPQDQG H[WHULRUFRPSUHVVLYHFROXPQDVVKRZQLQ)LJV E F DQGG UHVSHFWLYHO\,QSDUWLFXODUGLVWULEXWHGIRUFHVGXH WR WKH VWUXWV ZHUH XQV\PPHWULFDOO\ DSSOLHG WR WKH ERWWRP DQG WRS RI LQWHULRU FROXPQ DV VKRZQ LQ )LJ E  &RQVHTXHQWO\VKHDUIRUFHDWWKHLQWHULRUFROXPQHQGZDVGHWHUPLQHGE\(T  M u

Qu

L

 C h hs 

C h hs L



 

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

KV

0X 4X

KV

&K

&K

L

/ &K

&K

E

F

KV

4X

0X

B

B

D

KV

4X

0X

G



)LJD VWUXWPRGHORILQILOOLQPXOWLVSDQLQILOOHGIUDPHVE H[WHULRUWHQVLOHFROXPQF LQWHULRUFROXPQG H[WHULRUFRPSUHVVLYHFROXPQ

 䢳䢰䢲

䢢䢢䣹䣫䣶䣪䣱䣷䣶䢢䣫䣰䣨䣫䣮䣮 䢢䣹䣫䣶䣪䢢䣫䣰䣨䣫䣮䣮

䢲䢰䢺

6WUHQJWKLQGH[&

6WUHQJWKLQGH[&

䢳䢰䢲

䢲䢰䢸 䢲䢰䢶 䢲䢰䢴 䢲䢰䢲 䢲䢰䢲

D

䢲䢰䢷

䢳䢰䢲

䢳䢰䢷

䢴䢰䢲

'XFWLOLW\LQGH[)

䢴䢰䢷

䢵䢰䢲

䢲䢰䢸 䢲䢰䢶 䢲䢰䢴 䢲䢰䢲 䢲䢰䢲

䢵䢰䢷

E

䢢䢢䣹䣫䣶䣪䣱䣷䣶䢢䣫䣰䣨䣫䣮䣮 䢢䣹䣫䣶䣪䢢䣫䣰䣨䣫䣮䣮

䢲䢰䢺

䢲䢰䢷

䢳䢰䢲

䢳䢰䢷

䢴䢰䢲

䢴䢰䢷

'XFWLOLW\LQGH[)

䢵䢰䢲

䢵䢰䢷



)LJ6HLVPLFSHUIRUPDQFHRI5&EXLOGLQJD LQ(DVW:HVWGLUHFWLRQE LQ6RXWK1RUWKGLUHFWLRQ

&RQFOXVLRQ

7KH VHLVPLF SHUIRUPDQFH RI DQ H[LVWLQJ WKUHHVWRU\ 5& EXLOGLQJ ZDV HYDOXDWHG E\ FRQVLGHULQJ WKH EULFN LQILOO HIIHFWVE\DSSO\LQJDGHYHORSHGDQDO\WLFDOPRGHOWRDVVHVVWKHEULFNLQILOOFRQWULEXWLRQVWRVHLVPLFSHUIRUPDQFHRI WKH EXLOGLQJ 7ZR FDOFXODWLRQ ZHUH FRQGXFWHG RQH ZLWK LQILOO DQG RQH ZLWKRXW LQILOO $V WKH UHVXOWV D GLVWLQFW GLIIHUHQFHRIODWHUDOVWUHQJWKRIEXLOGLQJZDVREWDLQHGZKHQFRQVLGHULQJWKHEULFNLQILOO7KHUHVXOWLQGLFDWHVWKDWWKH EULFNLQILOOVLJQLILFDQWO\FRQWULEXWHGWRWKHVHLVPLFSHUIRUPDQFHRIEXLOGLQJ

Maidiawati et al. / Procedia Engineering 171 (2017) 1043 – 1051

1051

5HIHUHQFHV >@ 0DLGLDZDWL DQG 6DQDGD @ (DUWKTXDNH(QJLQHHULQJ5HVHDUFK,QVWLWXWH/HDUQLQJIURP(DUWKTXDNHV7KH0Z:HVWHUQ6XPDWUDHDUWKTXDNHRI6HSWHPEHU ((5,6SHFLDO(DUWKTXDNH5HSRUW >@ &KDNHU $$ $QG &KHULIDWL $ ,QIOXHQFH RI PDVRQU\ LQILOO SDQHOV RQ WKH YLEUDWLRQ DQG VWLIIQHVV FKDUDFWHULVWLFV RI 5& IUDPH EXLOGLQJV (DUWKTXDNH(QJQJ6WUXFW'\Q  >@ 0DLGLDZDWL 6DQDGD