Jan 25, 2017 - Official Full-Text Paper (PDF): Using Safety Performance Metrics to ... incidents and close calls (near misses) .... Creating a Safety Center.
Using Safety Metrics to Support CSR Goals & Objectives
Kevin McSweeney PhD, CPE Manager, Safety & Human Factors Group Kotka, Finland 12 June 2013
IMISS Conference
“People” Related CSR Goals & Objectives 1) Provide adequate resources (financial, time, personnel) 2) Provide appropriate training to improve competence in safe task performance 3) Perform risk assessments identifying control measures 4) Promote a structured and effective follow-up to incidents and accidents to promote proactive preventive measures
8) Improve crew safety and awareness 9) Provide appropriate training to improve competence recognizing potential hazards 10) Develop processes and procedures for timely control of the hazards and risks 11) Improve the knowledge and skills of workers in the root cause analysis for incidents and close calls (near misses)
5) Assess the application and 12) Analyze and then improve the quality of effectiveness of close call reporting life onboard vessels onboard vessels 6) Promote active participation in safety 13) Define roles and responsibilities of all efforts by all (shipboard, shore-side, and members of management toward health management) and safety 7) Establish and maintain a corporate structure that defines responsibility for promoting safety and health activities
14) Improve corporate-level visibility on safety and health performance to reduce injuries and illnesses 2
Safety Culture & Leading Indicators of Safety
Published January 2012 Directed at cargo carrying vessel owners and operators Contents
Safety culture survey Description and examples of objective and subjective leading indicators Worked analysis examples Survey process Interpreting the results Action planning
Related to CSR Goals & Objectives 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 12, 13, 14
Link to ABS GN on Safety Culture Pub # 188 3
Safety Culture & Leading Indicators
What is Safety Culture?
Product of individual, group and corporate values, attitudes, perceptions and behaviors
What are Leading Indicators (subjective/objective)?
Metrics/measures associated with, and precede, an undesirable/ unexpected event Subjective leading indicators are based on the values, attitudes and observations of employees Objective leading indicators are based on the correlation of safety metrics with safety performance data
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Example Leading Indicators
Subjective leading indicators (corporate safety culture related)
Employee’s perception about management support of safety improvement efforts Employee’s perceived authority to fulfill safety responsibilities Management’s response to safety issues and concerns
Objective leading indicators (safety related metrics)
Number of close call reports submitted Percent of close calls closed-out Time to implement corrective actions Size of safety budget Number of safety meetings involving senior management Number of accidents and close calls with follow-on incident investigations 5
Objective Safety Metrics Hierarchy
Baseline Metrics
Subsidiary Metrics
Typically expressed as absolutes (presence/absence of an activity)
Useful until they peak and are normally expressed as percentages (e.g., percentage of crew who have PPE and/or requisite training)
Core Metrics
Additional examples of leading indicators – Number of safety audit recommendations – Number of work stoppages for safety purposes
– Number of JSAs conducted – Number and different means of corporate communications about safety issues 6
Example Leading Indicator Results
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GN on the Investigation of Marine Incidents
Outlines the process of effective incident investigation and root cause analysis
Provides a Root Cause Analysis Map and an explanation of every items on the Root Cause Analysis Map
Provides instructions for 5 Whys Tree, Fault Trees, Causal Factors Charts, etc.
Cross references root causes to industry standards such as ISM, TMSA, OHSAS, ISO
Related to CSR Goals & Objectives 2, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11
Link to ABS GN on Incident Investigation Pub#142 8
Incident Investigation Guidance Investigation Needed? (Section 2) No Yes Generate a CAR*? (Section 3)
Yes Analyze now? Yes (Section 9)
Initiate investigation (Section 3)
Gather data (Section 4)
Analyze data (Section 5)
Identify root causes (Section 6)
Trend incident characteristics (Section 10)
Trend root causes (Section 10)
Develop recommendations
(Section 7)
No No formal analysis
No
STOP
Analyze data to find chronic incidents (Section 9)
Complete the Investigation (Section 8)
Enter into incident database (Section 10)
Follow up on investigation and resolve recommendations
(Section 8)
Note:CAR is an acronym for Corrective Action Request
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ABS Root Cause Analysis Map
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What is a Root Cause?
Simply put……..
A cause that can reasonably be identified An effective fix/intervention can be devised Fix/intervention success can be measured, observed, and/or verified Management has the means (resources) to implement
Root Cause Type
Root Cause
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Mariner Personal Safety (MPS) Project
Obtain and review incident and close call reports
Collected over 40,000 records (injuries and close calls)
Database represents more than 1,100 vessels and 37,000 mariners
Constructed a database to:
Identify trends and possible causes Identify potential corrective actions Identify potential lessons learned Create benchmarking statistics
Develop and share results
Creating a Safety Center
Related to CSR Goals & Objectives 3 and 8 12
Industry Partner uses for Project Results
Directing safety auditing efforts and new design efforts:
Identify potential hazards for specific spaces on board (e.g., work and accommodation areas) Identify potential hazards related to crew activities (e.g., line handling to food preparation)
Help direct safety intervention, prioritization and resource allocation, identify training opportunities
Input to safety measurements (metrics) – benchmarking
Support corporate SMS/CSR efforts
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Why Design for Habitability?
Important for recruiting
Important for retention
Access to internet and telephone Exercise equipment, satellite TV, library, and DVD’s Better onboard living conditions Access to family (e.g., internet)
Improve crew performance
Provide an appropriate environment for the crew to rest and recover Effective task performance Improve quality of life onboard
Related to CSR Goals & Objectives 8 & 12
Link to ABS Guide for Crew Habitability Pub #102 Source: ShipTalk Seafarer Attraction and Retention
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ABS Crew Habitability Guidance
Crew accommodations
Access/egress and crew cabins Sanitary spaces and offices Food services areas Recreational facilities Laundry and medical areas
Ambient environment
Human whole-body vibration Noise Indoor climate Lighting
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