In this paper, reversible Arithmetic and Logic Unit. (ALU) is designed to show its major implications on the Central. Processing Unit (CPU).In this paper, two types ...
ABSTRACT: VHDL environment for floating point arithmetic and logic unit design using pipelining is introduced; the novelty in the ALU design with pipelining ...
Typical Schematic Symbol of an ALU. A and B: the inputs to the ALU. (operands). R: Output or Result. F: Code or Instruction from the. Control Unit ( as op-code).
parameters, allowed obtaining circuits for ternary arithmetic logic unit which are better ... of reversible arithmetic logic unit (ALU) design in multiple-valued logic.
The paper proposes a power efficient design of an ALU, using Reversible Logic ... Reversible logic, Arithmetic Logic Unit, Low Power Design. General Terms.
The heart of every computer is an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU). ... In this lab you
will use the Verilog language to implement an ALU having 10 functions. Use.
The paper proposes a power efficient design of an ALU, using Reversible Logic ... Reversible logic, Arithmetic Logic Unit, Low Power Design. General Terms.
Abstract. This communication presents the complete design of a reversible arithmetic logic unit (ALU) that can be part of a programmable reversible computing.
Abstract. This paper presents the complete design of a reversible arithmetic logic unit (ALU) that can be part of a programmable reversible computing device ...
Abstract. This paper presents the complete design of a reversible arithmetic logic unit (ALU) that can be part of a programmable reversible computing device ...
Jul 2, 2012 - Abstract: Since the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is one of the ... that the realization of an efficient fault tolerant reversible ALU is possible with ...
bit Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) using VHDL. ALU of digital computers is an aspect of logic design with the objective of developing appropriate algorithms in order ...
based arithmetic logic unit which consists of many unique implementations for .... For the chaos-based ALU, the complex state-space of individual chaogates ...
chaos-based computing (computer systems built from chaotic oscillators). More specifically, this paper considers a chaos- based arithmetic logic unit which ...
bit Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) using VHDL. ALU of digital computers is an aspect of logic design with the objective of developing appropriate algorithms in order ...
this Verilog code inside an always block? C=1;. A
is implemented. The ALU is designed to have maximum throughput while minimizing area. Keywords: arithmetic logic unit, interval arithmetic, signal processing.
Jan 31, 2018 - This research presents a 4-bit arithmetic logic unit (ALU), which was designed using TLGs through reconfigurable logic blocks with a universal ...
he Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is the basic building block of any processor for performing the arithmetic and logical operations. he data to be operated on ...
Abstract. The Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) is a combination circuit that performs a number of arithmetic and logical operations. Over the past two dec- ades ...
A Novel Neural Network Ternary Arithmetic Logic Unit ... neural networks to realize a novel Ternary Arithmetic .... covering 2 states in a cycle, it covers 3 states. 5.
also enable digital signatures. The best-known and most ... The security of the RSA cryptosystem is based on the difficulty of the RSA problem. It is still the most ...
the datapath of the MALU has an area and delay that can be adapted with .... case (K×D sets of MALUk×d ) the block diagram of the reconfigurable datapath.
arithmetic logic unit , four bit shifter and carry save in multiplier circuits. The advantage of this type of ALU is to construct functional unit all around the input lines ...
Carry out indicates carry out and unsigned integer overflow. 4. Function Ainvert
Binvert Operation and. 0. 0. 00 or. 0. 0. 01 add. 0. 0. 10 subtract. 0. 1. 10 slt. 0. 1.
CSE 675.02: Introduction to Computer Architecture
Arithmetic / Logic Unit – ALU Design Presentation F Slides by Gojko Babi
Reading Assignment: B5, 3.4
32-bit ALU ALU Control
A
32
32-bit ALU B
32
Result Zero Overflow Carry out
32
• Our ALU should be able to perform functions: – logical and function – logical or function – arithmetic add function – arithmetic subtract function – arithmetic slt (set-less-then) function – logical nor function • ALU control lines define a function to be performed on A and B. g. babic
Presentation F
2
1
Functioning of 32-bit ALU ALU Control
ALU Control lines Function
Ainvert
Binvert
and
0
0
00
or
0
0
01
add
0
0
10
subtract
0
1
10
slt
0
1
11
nor
1
1
00
4
Operation A
32
32-bit ALU B
32
Result Zero Overflow Carry out
32
• Result lines provide result of the chosen function applied to values of A and B • Since this ALU operates on 32-bit operands, it is called 32-bit ALU • Zero output indicates if all Result lines have value 0 • Overflow indicates integer overflow of add and subtract functions; for unsigned integers, this overflow indicator does not provide any useful information • Carry out indicates carry out and unsigned integer overflow g. babic
Presentation F
3
Designing 32-bit ALU: Beginning 1. Let us start with and function 2. Let us now add or function
Operation
= 0 and = 1 or
a0 b0
Result0
0 1
a1 b1
0
Result1
1 a2 b2
0
Result2
1
a31 b31
0
Result31
1
g. babic
4
2
Designing 32-bit ALU: Principles Operation = 0 and
• A number of functions are performed internally, but only one a0 result is chosen for b0 the output of ALU
= 1 or
and or
a1
• 32-bit ALU is built out of 32 identical 1-bit ALU’s
1
and
b1
or
a2
Result1
0 1
and
b2 or
a31
Result0
0
Result2
0 1
and
b31 or
Result31
0 1
g. babic
5
Designing the Adder • 32-bit adder is built out of 32 1-bit adders 1-bit Adder
1-bit Adder Truth Table Input b
Carry In
Sum
Carry Out
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
Figure B.5.2
From the truth table and after minimization, we can have this design for CarryOut Figure B.5.5 g. babic
Output
a
Figure B.5.3 Presentation F
6
3
32-bit Adder “0” Cin
a0
sum0
+
b0
Cout
This is a ripple carry adder. Cin
a1
sum1
+
b1
Cout
Cin
a2
sum2
+
b2
The key to speeding up addition is determining carry out in the higher order bits sooner. Result: Carry look-ahead adder.
Cout
Cin
a31
sum31
+
b31
Cout
Carry out
g. babic
Presentation F
7
32-bit ALU With 3 Functions =0
1-bit ALU
Operation = 00 and = 01 or = 10 add
Figure B.5.6
Figure B.5.7 CarryOut
g. babic
Presentation F
+ carry out 8
4
32-bit Subtractor “0” “1” Cin
a0
Result0
+
b0
=A+B+1
Cout
Cin
a1
Result1
+
b1
A – B = A + (–B)
Cout
Cin
a2
Result2
+
b2
Cout
Cin
a31
Result31
+
b31
Cout
CarryOut
g. babic
Presentation F
9
32-bit Adder / Subtractor binvert
Cin
a0 b0
“0”
0
Result0
+ Cout
1 Cin
a1 b1
0
Result1
+ Cout
1 Cin
a2 b2
0
Result2
+
Binvert = 0 addition = 1 subtraction
Cout
1
Cin
a31 b31
0 1
g. babic
Result31
+ Cout
0 1
CarryOut
10
5
32-bit ALU With 4 Functions 1-bit ALU B in ve rt
B in v e r t
O p e r a tio n
O pe ra tion C a r r y In
a0 b0
a
C a rryI n ALU0
R e s u l t0
0
C a rryO u t 1
0
b
R e s u lt
a1 b1
2
1
Figure B.5.8 a2 b2
Control lines Binvert (1 line)
Operation (2 lines)
and
0
00
or
0
01
add
0
10
subtract
1
10
R e s u l t1
C a rryO u t
C a r ry O u t
Function
C a rryI n ALU1
C a rryI n ALU2
R e s u l t2
C a rryO u t
C a rr y In
a3 1 b3 1
g. babic
R e s u l t3 1
C a rryI n A L U 31
Presentation F
0
Carry Out
1
11
2’s Complement Overflow • 2’s complement overflow happens: – if a sum of two positive numbers results in a negative number – if a sum of two negative numbers results in a positive number
B in v e r t
O p e r a tio n C a r ry In
a 0
1
R e s u lt b
0
+
2
1 L e ss
3
Carry Out O v e r f lo w d e te c tio n
O v e rflo w
1-bit ALU for the most significant bit Other 1-bit ALUs, i.e. non-most significant bit ALUs, are not affected. g. babic
Presentation F
12
6
32-bit ALU With 4 Functions and Overflow B in v e r t
